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Education
100 Marks
Higher Secondary School Teacher (Junior) Economics
Recruitment by Kerala Public Service Commission for the post of Higher Secondary School Teacher (Junior) in Economics under the Kerala Higher Secondary Education Department.
120m
5s
#kerala-psc#economics#teaching#post-graduate-level#higher-secondary-education
Syllabus Explorer
INDIAN ECONOMY
Sec 1
ageingDemographic changesEmerging issues– policiesEnvironment DegradationFiscal CrisisFisheries and Plantation sectorsformation of SEZshealthICT and developmentKerala &WTOKerala’s higher educationland market in Keralaland reformsmigrant labour in Kerala, social security of labourmigrationModel of DevelopmentPeople’s planpoverty unemploymentPrivatization and human capital formationrole of micro financerole of Panchayat RajStructural changes in Kerala Economytourismtransformation in labour culturewomen empowermentAchievements of planningBottom up and Step down approaches in planningEvaluation of Five Year PlansNITI Aayog and its Vision DocumentsObjectives of planningPlanning and economic developmentTechniques of planningWelfare programmes announced in the last two Union BudgetsAn appraisal of India’s economic reformsBackground of economic reformsCooperative federalism with special reference to GSTFinancial sector reformsFiscal policy reformsForeign investment policy reformsIndustrial policy reformsPost reform Infrastructure Investment Models-PPPSecond generation economic reformsTrade policy reformsWashington ConsensusAnalysis of Price Behavior, Inflationary TrendsBalance of Payments, Post 90 TrendsCapital marketsCentral-state Fiscal RelationshipsCritical Appraisal of Monetary and Financial Sector ReformsCritical AppreciationExchange Rates, Trends – PoliciesEXIM PolicyFII &FDI IN IndiaFinancial InclusionFinancial System, Banking and InsuranceFiscal Deficit, Trend and SignificanceFiscal PoliciesIndia and WTOParallel EconomyPetroleum Product PricingRecent Budgets (2 to 3 years)role of MNCsStructure and Direction of India‘s Foreign TradeThirteenth finance Commission, Major Recommendationsacross Crops and ZonesAgrarian CrisisAgriculture FinanceAgriculture InputsAgriculture MarketingCottage and Small ScaleCreditEnergyFarm Size and ProductivityFood SecurityGlobalisation and Technology TransferGreen RevolutionGrowth and Pattern of Industrial DevelopmentHealth and EducationICT based Industrial development strategiesIndustrial FinancingIndustrial PoliciesIndustrial Stagnation, Old and New, DebatesInformation TechnologyInfrastructure, Physical and Social, Status and PoliciesInstitutional StructureLand ReformsNew Agriculture PolicyPricingPrivatization and DisinvestmentResearch and DevelopmentRole of Co-operativesSEZSources of Service Sector GrowthSustenance of Agriculture GrowthTechnological Change in AgricultureTechnologyTelecommunicationTransportTrends in Industrial ProductivityWTO, Impact on Agriculture
MACRO ECONOMICS
Sec 2
Absolute & Relative Income Hypothesisapproaches of Baumol and Tobin supply of moneyBehavioural and endogenous money supply modelCambridge Quantity theoryclassical approach to demand for moneyFisher effectFisher’s equationFisher’s Inter-temporal choice modelFriedman’s restatement of Quantity theory of moneyInvestment FunctionKeyne’s liquidity Preference approachKeynes’ Psychological lawKuznet’s consumption puzzleLife cycle hypothesisMEC & MEIModigliani-Miller theoryMoney multiplier processNeo-Classical Theory of InvestmentPermanent Income hypothesisPost Keynesian approaches to demand for moneyQuantity theoryTobin’s q- ratioClassical: Employment and outputClassical: interest rateClassical: Labour marketClassical: neutrality of money and classical DichotomyClassical: Say’s LawCrowding out Effectfiscal and monetary PoliciesKeynesian Cross modelKeynesian Fixed Price ModelsLiquidity TrapBusiness cycles- measurementDual Decision Hypothesisendogeneous theories (Hicks, Goodwin, Kaldor)exogeneous theoriesfinancial cycles (Minsky)growth cyclesKeynesian Counter revolutionNeo-Keynesian Quantity Constrained ModelNew Classical Macro EconomicsNew Keynesian EconomicsRational ExpectationsReal Business Cycle ApproachSupply side EconomicsWalrasian General EquilibriumBarro-Grossman modelClassical versus KeynesDemand pull and Cost push inflationDisequilibrium models of Robert ClowerEffective demand and National DemandIncompatibility of Walras Law and Neoclassical Synthesis of Keyne’s General theoryInflation –causesInflation –Typesinflationary gapKeynes Effect and Real Balance EffectLeijonhufvud’s modelLipsesy’s excess demand modelMalinvaud modelNeo-Keynesian Analysis (Disequilibrium model): Walrasian Vs. Keynesian ModelsPhillips curvestrategies to control inflation and deflationThe Samuelson-Solow modification of the Phillips curveTobin’s views on Phillips curveBudget Deficitcontemporary macroeconomic debates in India and the worldCrowding out Effect and Government Budgetdebt dynamicsDomar instability conditionIncome PolicyMain Policy InstrumentMonetary Policy Vs Fiscal PolicyNew Cambridge ApproachObjectives of Macro Economic PoliciesOkun’s LawRicardian equivalence monetarisation of the debtStabilisation PolicyTarget Variable and Instrument variableAppreciationBalance of Payment/ AccountsBOP in Keynesian AnalysisDepreciationDetermination of Exchange Rates: Fixed Vs FlexibleDevaluationDisequilibrium in BOPExchange RatesForeign Exchange MarketISLM Analysis in an open economyJ-curve EffectMonetary and Elasticity Approach to Balance of PaymentsMoney and Capital Flows in an Open EconomyMundell Fleming- Keynesian ModelPegging of the currencyRevaluationArrow-Debreu modelBaumolBehavioural Model of Money supplycash in advance model of ClowerClassical and Keynesian Approach to demand for and supply of moneyControl of Money supplyEndogenous Money supply theoryFriedman and TobinHigh Powered MoneyMonetarism and FiscalismMoney MultiplierMoney supply in an open economyoverlapping generation model of SamuelsonPatinkinPigouPost Keynesian ApproachReal Balance Effect
Quantitative Methods
Sec 3
Big M Method for solving LPP involving surplus variablesDuality in LPP its properties and its interpretation – shadow pricesLinear Programming problem – formulation of LPPSolution of LPP using Graphical and simplex methodMeaning, assumptionsOne way classification and Two way classifications, simple applicationsF test and ANOVAOne-way and Two way classificationCentral limit theoremCorrelationMDQDRangeSDDistribution of Sample meanApplications of linear functions in Economicscharacteristic equations and characteristic roots and vectorsConstant Linear functionsCubic functionsdeterminantsDifferent types of functions and its graphsExponential and logarithmic functionsInverse method and Crammer’s rulePolynomial functionsQuadratic functionsRank of a matrixsolution of a system of equationsVectors and MatricesGMHMMeanMedianModeweighted GMWeighted HMMeasurement and Scaling techniquesMultiple regression analysisParameter and Statisticmethods of samplingsampling and sample designstheoretical basis of samplingBayes’ theoremBinomial distributionConcept of ProbabilityConditional ProbabilityDifferent approaches of Probability: Axiomatic approachesDifferent approaches of Probability: ClassicalDifferent approaches of Probability: EmpiricalLognormal distributionMathematical expectationMultinomial distributionNegative Binomial distributionNormal distributions-properties and applicationsPareto distributionPoisson distributionProbability Distributions: Discrete and Continuous DistributionsRandom variables and Probability distributionTheorems of Probability: Addition and Multiplication TheoremSampling Distribution and Standard ErrorSimple Linear Regression AnalysisSkewness & KurtosisStudent’s t, Z, χ^2 and F distributionsCritical regionLevel of significanceNull and alternative hypothesisPower of testProcedure of testing of hypothesisType I and Type II errorsTests of significance for attributesTests of significance for large samples and small samplesTheory of Estimation: Point estimation and Interval estimationTheory of Estimation: Properties of good estimatorχ^2 test for independenceχ^2 Test of goodness of fit
MICRO ECONOMICS
Sec 4
Bandwagon effectCob-Web theoremFriedman-Savage HypothesisMeasuring riskNeuman-Morgenstern utility Indexrisk aversionrisk loverrisk neutralitySnob and Veblen effectSt.Petersburg paradoxthe household portfolio decisions of uncertaintythe investor’s choice problemthe state preference theorytrade off between risk and returnApplicationsIssues in Game TheoryAdverse SelectionAsymmetric InformationMoral HazardScreening and Market SignallingThe market for LemonsThe Principal Agent ProblemBertrand’s ModelChamberlin’s ModelsCollusive & non –collusive modelsCournot ModelDuopolyMonopolistic CompetitionMonopolyOligopoly with homogeneous product and with non-homogeneous productPerfect and Imperfect MarketPerfect CompetitionStackelberg’s modelsSweezy’s Kinked ModelsConstant Elasticity demand functiondistributed lagged models of demandHouthakker’s and Taylor’s modelInter temporal choiceLinear expenditure systemNerlov’s modelPragmatic approach to demand analysisNash EquilibriumPrisoner’s DilemmaStrategiesZero-sum Game and non-Zero-sum Gamecapital deepening and neutral technical progressCost functioncost minimizing input choicesEconomies of ScaleHomogeneous production functionlabour deepeningLearning CurveLinear homogeneous production function and CES production functionproperties of cost functionShort run and Long run production functiontechnological progress and production function
Theory of Distribution, General Equilibrium and Welfare Economics
Sec 5
Brouwer’s fixed point theoremexistence, uniqueness and stability of general equilibriumInterdependence in the economypartial and general equilibriumtwo-factor, two-commodity, two-consumer general equilibrium modelWalrasian general equilibriumBain’s Limit PricingBaumol’s theoryCyert and March’s behavioural modelFull Cost PricingGordon’s attack on ManagerialismHall & HitchMarris’ modelSylos Labini’s Limit PricingWilliamson’s‘degree of monopoly’ by KaleckiAlternative distribution theoriesAlternative widow’s cruse modelsClark-Wicksteed-Walras product exhaustion theoremClassical theory of distributionEuler’s theorem and the ‘adding up’ controversyKaldor- modified model of PasinettiKeynesian or Neo Keynesian theories of distributionMarginal productivity theoryMarxian theoryModern theory of distribution or post Keynesian theory of distributionNeoclassical approach to distributionProduct exhaustion theoremThe Ricardian modeltheories of interesttheories of profittheories of wageArrows impossibility theoremBentham’s criteriaBergson-Samuelsoncardinalist criteriaCoase theoremCriteria of old social welfare economicsgrowth criteriaKaldor –Hicks compensation criteriaNew welfare economicsPareto optimalityPigouvian welfare economicspoint of blissRawlsian concept of justiceScitovsky criteriasocial welfare functiontheory of second best
Education
100 Marks
Assistant Professor in Psychology
The Kerala PSC Assistant Professor exam is conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission (KPSC) for the recruitment of eligible candidates to the post of Assistant Professor in various subjects.
75m
10s
#kerala-psc#assistant-professor#psychology#degree-level#education
Syllabus Explorer
Psychometry and Research Methodology
Sec 1
General achievement batteriesSpecial achievement testDifferential aptitude testsTests of special abilitiesCulture free and culture fairIndividual and group testsPaper and pencil tests and Performance testsSpeed and Power testsVerbal and Non-verbal testsCohort designCounterbalanced designCross-sectional designAnovaChi square and other major nonparametric methodsDiscriminant analysisManovat-testsAnalysis of Co variancebi serialDiscriminant analysisFactor AnalysesMultiple correlationsMultiple RegressionPath analysisPearson rphipoint-biserialRank correlationtetrachoric coefficientsStatistical analysis of the dataTabulation and codingAction researchCase study researchEthnographyGrounded theoryPhenomenologyANOVA designsFactorial designsTwo group designsCharacteristic features of experimental research methodsWithin group designsNon-probability sampling methodsProbability sampling methodsEquivalent time-samplesCorrelational designcriterion-group designHistorical researchLongitudinal designArchival researchCase study researchObservational researchMeaning of norm-referencing and criterion referencingSteps in developing normsage-equivalent normsgrade equivalent normspercentile normsstandard score normsOnequivalent control group designsPatched –up, designcheck-listscontent analysisforced choice methodsInterviewsinventoriesobservationprojective techniquesQ-sortsquestionnairesrating scalesSelf-reportsSemantic differentialSituational testssociometryPsychological Measurement Qualitative Vs. quantitative approach in the study of behaviorThe Stanford-Binet TestsThe Wechsler ScalesNature of qualitative datacontrolling error variance through research designsNature of quantitative dataPartitioning of varianceQuasi-Experimental research methodsConceptpurpose of reliability co-efficientreliability estimateinter-scorer reliabilityother methods of estimating internal consistencyparallel formssplit –halftest-re-testReport writingSampling and Data ProcessingIntervalNominalOrdinalRatio ScalesSeparate-sample pretest-posttest designAdvantages and disadvantages of small N designsDifferent kinds of small N designscontent analysisDiscourse analysisHermeneuticsNarrative analysisSemioticsThematic AnalysisVisual analysisFocus group discussionInterviewNarrative and metaphorObservationEstimation of reliability, validity, and normsItem analysisItem preparationPreparation of test manualTest ConstructionGuilfordTorranceTime seriesConceptrelationship between validity to reliabilityconstructcontentconvergentcriteriondivergentface
Motivation and Emotion
Sec 2
Achievement, Affiliation and ApprovalBiological aspects of motivationBiological needs and drive reductionCognitive theory of TolmanFrustration aggression modelHedonistic and Activation theories of Young, Mc Clelland, Schlosberg, LindsleyHomeostasis and arousal theoryHumanistic modelInstinct theory and EthologyIntrinsic and extrinsic motivationJohn Hollands theory of motivationKnowledge of resultLevel of aspirationLocus of control and motivationSR theory of Hull and SpenceMotivational cycleNeurological basis of motivation and emotionPrestige suggestionPsychoanalytic theory and unconscious motivationPsychological aspects of motivationSocial needsStress and copingThe concept of cortical arousal and ARASCannon-Bard theoryCognitive mediational theoryFacial feedback theoryJames-Lange theorySchachter-Singer theoryTheories of Erikson, Murray, and MaslowTypes of emotion
Cognition and Memory
Sec 3
ACT and ACT*AlgorithmsAnalogical transferBack trackingBilinguilismAlzheimer’s diseaseanterograde amnesiainfantile amnesiaKorsakoff’s syndromePosttraumatic amnesiaRetrograde amnesiaClassification of problemsComputer simulation and Artificial intelligencefunctional fixednessincorrect representationsincubationlack of expertiseset effectsHeuristicsHill climbingMeans end analysisAtkinson-Shiffrin three stage modelBaddely-Hitch model of working memoryLevels of processing modelNewell’s Soar modelRegistrationrepresentation and characteristicsTransfer appropriate processingMeta cognitionMultiple trace modelNetwork ModelsNeurological basis of memoryPsycholinguisticsanalogicalcategoricaldeductiveInductivepropositionalsyllogisticCategoriesPrototypesSchemas and ScriptsSchema based modelsSearch strategyphonologypragmaticssemanticssyntaxThe connectionist model(PDP)Theories of cognitive organizationDecay theoryinterference theoryMotivated forgettingRetrieval inhibition as a theory of forgettingstate dependent memory and forgettingTrace dependent forgettingTulving’s cue dependant theoryDeclarative and procedural memoryFlash bulb memoriesImplicit and explicit memoryNarrative and autobiographical memorySemantic and episodic memoryWorking backward
Social perception
Sec 4
causes of human aggressionculturegender and individual differencenegative affectprevention and control of aggressionthe frustration-aggression hypothesisAltruistic personalityattitudes and behaviorchanging attitudescognitive dissonance theoryformationMeasurementpersuasion by communicationpersuasion by our own actionsrole playingattribution biasesattribution theoriesculture and attributionInformation integrationmotivational biasesconfirmatory hypothesis testingPerseverance of beliefsthe selffulfilling prophecyconflict escalation and reductionMixed motives and social dilemmasnegotiationClassical studiescomplianceMilgram’s researchsocial impact theorybrain stormingescalation effectsfundamentals of groupsgroup performancegroup polarizationgroup thinkindividuals in groupssocial facilitationsocial loafinggender and helpingperceived characteristic of the person in needImpression formation and impression managementcultureevolutionary and motivational factorslocation and helpingmoodspro-social media effectsrole models and social normssituational influence bystander effecttime pressurePsychosocial aspects of Anger, Hostility, Violence, Harassment and Discriminationclose relationshipsinterdependent relationshipsNeed to belongromantic relationshipsthe initial attractionself-discrepanciesself-schemasSelf-esteemSelf-presentationSelf-regulationSources of self-knowledgeThe selfconceptautomatic stereotype activationculture and social identityculture and socializationhow stereotypes distortsperceptions and resist changeintergroup contactintergroup friendships and extended contactNature and origin-social categories and intergroup conflictorigin, sources, targets and consequencesReducing stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminationsocial identity theory
Psychopathology
Sec 5
Anxiety disorderscase studyclinical interviewcommon signs and symptoms of mental disordersMMSEMSEDSM & ICD classificationsDissociative disordersGender dysphoriabipolar – depressive disordersand other non-psychotic disordersdelusionalschizo-typalschizophreniaMental and behavioural disorders due to psycho active substance useamnestic disorderdelirumpersonality and behavioural disorders due to known physiological conditionsunspecified organic mental disordersvascular dementiaNeurocognitive disordersorganic mental disordersautism spectrum disordersbehavioural and emotional disorders with onset in childhood and adolescencecommunication disordersIntellectual disabilitiespervasive and specific developmental disordersspecific learning disordersObsessive – compulsive related disordersPersonality disordersSexual dysfunctionsSomatoform disordersTrauma – stress related
Learning
Sec 6
Appettitive and aversive conditioningHabituation and sensitizationblockinginsight learningLatent learningLearned helplessnessobservational learningsensory preconditioningset learningsign learningGuthrieHullMowrerPavlovRazranSkinnerTolmanNeurological basis of learningOpponent process theoryStimulus control of behaviorVerbal learning
Applied Psychology
Sec 7
Assertive DisciplineDecisive disciplineReality ModelApproaches to organizational behaviourBeck cognitive Therapyapplied behavior analysisAssertive trainingContingency ManagementModelingpunishment and aversion proceduresGuided – Somato Psychic relaxationProgressive muscular relaxationResponse elimination and Extinction procedureBiofeedbackCBTCharacteristics of effective teacherCharacteristics of learnerCommunication strategiesDealing with problem behaviorPositive behaviors supportAIDSCrisis InterventionDisabledGeneticGeriatricGrief counsellingHIVAdoloscent etcFamilyMaritalPre-maritalCharacteristics, qualities, skills and strategies of an effective counsellorGoals of counsellingProcess of counsellinggroupindividualonlinecritical PsychologyCultural PsychologyFeminist perspectivePositive PsychologyBiopsychologicalevolutionary explanationSociocultural viewClimate and well beingDisaster managementPollution and its effect on human beingPsychological roots of Environmental PsychologyBrain mappingDNA finger printingDetection of deceptionInterrogationNarcoanalysisPolygraphCombating drug abuse in Sports PersonsPersonality profile of athletesTeam cohesiongender equalitygender minoritiesgender sensitive politicsSex and genderinstitutionalizationIssues of the agedUrban slumsaccident prone employeealcoholism and drug additionChronic absenteesindisciplined employeesCrisis interventionGroup TherapiesHypnosisSupportive PsychotherapiesPsychology in clinical settingPsychology in Organizational SettingPsychology in School SettingBio-psychosocial approacheshealth compromising behaviourhealth enhancing behaviorhealth related beliefs and attitudesPain & its managementPromotion of psychological, social and physical well beingPsycho-neuro-immunologyStressors and coping strategiesType A and Type B personalitiesRETAdopting responsible environment-related behaviorHuman behavior and global climate changeincluding Environmental problems and ApplicationsInfluencing public opinionPsychosocial implication of disabilitiesSpecial educationHome & SchoolUse and abuse of social networking/technology and its role in social life and politicsStress inoculation360 degree feedbackCultural diversity trainingMentoringprotection against sexual harassment trainingSensitivity training
Personality
Sec 8
Albert BanduraB.F.SkinnerDollard & MillerContributions of Darwin, Lamarck, MendelSocial Darwinism and EugenicsThe genetic dimension of evolutionBandura’s SocialCognitive learning theoryKelley’sPersonal ConstructTheoryLewin’s Field theoryRotter’s locus of control approachComponents of a personality theoryDescribing PersonalityDevelopment of selfBuddhismJainismSufismTaoismThe Bhagavad GitaYogaEysenck’s Model of nervous system temperamentGenes and behaviorNatural selection of psychological mechanismsAbraham MaslowCarl RogersRollo MayVictorFranklAuthoritarianSelf –monitoringType AType BType Cbehavioural assessment methodsobjective methodsprojective methodsCase and epidemiological studiesCorrelational studiesQuasi experimentsTrue experimentsPerspectives of personalityPhilosophical perspectivesSigmund FreudHenry Murray’s PersonologyAlfred AdlerCarl JungEric FrommErik EriksonHarryStack SullivanKaren HorneyBowlbyHeinz KohutMargaret MahlerMelanie KleinOttoKernbergWinnicottRole of temperament in Personality developmentB.CattellG.W. Allport
Attention and Perception
Sec 9
Bottom up theories and Top down theoriesClassical PsychophysicsColour Perception and its theoriesEarly selection theories and Late selection theoriesFechner’s lawNeurological organisation and AttentionPain perception and its theoriesPractical Applications of illusionPsychophysical methodsReceiver operating curveSignal Detection Theory and its applicationsSteven’s power lawTheories of illusionsWeber’s law
Intelligence
Sec 10
Emotional intelligence and its relevanceFactor theoriesPASS modelProcess oriented theoriesTheories of Hunt, Gardner and JensonViews of Torrance, Getzel and Guilford on creativity
Education
100 Marks
Assistant Professor in Business Administration
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for Assistant Professor in Business Administration in Kerala Collegiate Education. The selection process includes a written examination followed by an interview and document verification.
75m
10s
#kerala-psc#assistant-professor#business-administration#management#commerce
Syllabus Explorer
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Sec 1
-Wage and Salary Administration – Theories of Wages – Components of Salary – Factors affecting Wage and Salary – reward systems- Performance Appraisal methods – Coaching – Career Management- Succession planning.Human resource management – functions – changing roles – Human Resource Planning – Job Analysis – Steps, Guidelines and Methods – Job Description – Recruitment: Sources – Employee testing and Selection – Type of Tests – Cognitive test, Achievement Test and Personality Test – Types of Interviews – Design and Conduct of InterviewsInduction and Placement – Training and Development – On the Job and Off the Job Training Methods – Management Development Programme – Evaluating the training and development Performance Appraisal – TechniquesIndustrial Relations – ILO- IR System in India – Trade Union Movement in India – Trade Union Act – Industrial Employment Standing Order Act- Industrial Disputes Act – Collective Bargaining- Promoting Ethics at Workplace.Occupational Health – safety and Social Security – Discipline – Employee grievance and Redressal -Employee Empowerment – Quality Circles – Management of Change – Resistance to Change – Change Management Strategies.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Sec 2
Business analytics- application. Internet of Things (IoT). Impact of IT on people- Health and Social Life. IT and Ethics- Privacy of People- Technical solutions. IT Act 2000- Major provisions and implications on business.Information Security Management – Hackers and cyber vandalism - Computer crime and Cyber terrorism – Malicious software – Technology and tools for protecting information resources – ISO 27001 Information security management systemMIS- Level wise Classification- Transaction Processing System- Knowledge Management System- Types, application. Decision Support system–– Model driven and Data driven DSS Group Decision Support System (GDSS) - Executive information System (ESS) MIS- Function wise Classification- Marketing IS, Human Resource IS, Operations IS, Financial IS- Structure, Applications.System building approaches, System Development Life Cycle, Prototyping, End user Development, Standard Software Package, Outsourcing- advantages and disadvantages. Challenges in system implementation- change management.System concept – Information Systems –– Components – Resources – Dimensions of information system - Contemporary approach to information systems - Organizational Foundation of Information Systems - Management Information System – Concept – strategic role – Objective –Impact –Limitation - Challenges
BUSINESS ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Sec 3
Cash flow statement- computation of cash from operations – Preparations of cash flow statement. Cost Accounting – Meaning and Objectives – Classification – Direct cost – Overheads – Cost Sheet - Preparations of Cost Sheet –Marginal Costing: - Breakeven point analysis , Contribution, PV Ratio, Margin of Safety. Budget – Budgeting and budget control – types of budgets – Preparation of Flexible and fixed budgets, and Cash budget.Dividend Decisions: Dividend Policies-Types of dividends-Dividend models-Dividend Theories-Gordon and walters model-Working Capital Management: Working capital Policies – Management of cash, inventory and receivables - Forecasting Working Capital requirements.Financial Statements– Meaning – Objectives –The structure and contents of financial statements Techniques of Financial Statement Analysis: Ratio analysis-Types and uses.- Fund Flow Statement Analysis – Preparation of Statement of change in working capital – Computation of fund from operation and preparation of fund flow statement.Investment Decisions: Capital Budgeting – methods of appraisal - Payback period, Accounting rate of return, Net Present Value ,Internal Rate of Return, Profitability Index - Financing Decisions: Capital Structure Theory - Net Income Approach - Net Operating Income Approach – MM Approach –Cost of Capital - computation of cost of debt, cost of preference shares, cost of equity, weighted average cost of capital.Objective of financial management – Financial forecasting – Financial planning –Time value of money- Estimating financial requirements- Financial market and financial institutions in India-Sources of funds: Long term – short term and medium term –Equity shares – preference shares – Debentures and Bonds – Retained earnings-Lease financing-Venture capital.
MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS LAWS
Sec 4
Company Law: Evaluation – comparison of types of companies, incorporation, capital-kinds of shares, directors, meetings and resolutions accounts and audit, winding up different modes. Preliminary ideas regarding Income Tax Act and Sales Tax Act and GST- Negotiable Instrument Act – Cheques, Bills of Exchange, promissory Notes.Contract Law : Essentials of a Valid Contract – void, voidable, unenforceable and illegal contracts – discharges of contracts – breach of contract and remedies-Laws relating to partnership, Rights and Liabilities – Dissolution of a firm. Laws of Agency – Sale of goods – agreements to sell-contact for work – bailment, mortgage of goods – time purchases and relationships with sale – conditions and warranties – rights of an unpaid seller.Demand Analysis – Demand curve– Elasticity of demand – Demand Forecasting. Production and cost of production – production function – practical applications of cost functions – Economics of scale and scope. Market structure and price – output decisions – pricing under perfect competition – pricing under monopoly –-pricing under Oligopoly – Nash Equilibrium – Cournot Model Collusion and CartelMonetary Theory and practice – Quantity theory of money – objectives and Instrument of monetary policy – Bank Rate policy – changes in SLR, CRR, Open Market operations, Selective Credit Controls – Exchange Rate Management – Financial Markets – Indian and International.National Income Accounting and their implication in business decision – Aggregate Demand and Supply-Consumption, Investments, Exports, Imports, Liquidity preference, wages and profits, Employment Equilibrium of the Keynesian Model – solutions for income, employment and interest rate – Multiplier and Accelerator
MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Sec 5
Consumer Behaviour: Consumer and business markets - buying roles - steps involved in buying process - factors influencing buying decision - consumer adoption process - Marketing Information System and Research - demand estimation and sales forecasting - market segmentation - targeting and positioning - effective segmentation - market targeting - positioning methods and strategiesEmerging trends in marketing - Social Marketing – Digital Marketing - Green Marketing – Retro Marketing-Rural marketing- Marketing Analytics - Current Developments in Marketing- Services marketing mix -Ethics in MarketingIntroduction to Marketing Management: Evolution of marketing concept - marketing environment - micro environment of marketing and macro environment of marketing – domestic marketing and international marketing - fundamentals of strategic marketing planning - customer lifetime value - marketing organization and control systems -marketing control techniques - annual plan control - profitability control - strategic controlProduct and Pricing Decisions: Concept of product - product line and product mix -new product development – packaging and labelling - Branding – Concepts of branding, brand types, brand equity, branding strategies- product life cycle stages and strategic marketing decisions - Pricing concepts, factors influencing price decisions - pricing strategiesPromotion and Distribution Decisions: Promotion mix - integrated marketing communication– advertising - sales promotion - personal selling – publicity - public relations - direct marketing - distribution channels - physical distribution systems - channel intermediaries - channel management - wholesaling and retailing - retail marketing
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Sec 6
Contributing disciplines to the understanding of OB – Historical evolution of OB – contemporary applications and challenges of OB – Developing a comprehensive and holistic of OB – Theoretical perspectives of human behaviour: Perception, Learning, Motivation and Personality.Decision Making: Decision making models – Reasoning and problem solving – Factors affecting decision making – Communication: Communication process – Factors affecting communication – Channels of communication – barriers to effective communication – Improving interpersonal and organization communication.Interpersonal dynamics: Developing interpersonal awareness – Johari Window – Transaction analysis – Empathy and Assertiveness Groups: Definition and classification of groups – Development of groups – groups structure – Roles, norms, and status – Organisational culture- Change management.Nature and importance of planning, Types of plans, Planning process- organizing – organization design – structure & process –span of control- line & staff – delegation – centralization and decentralization. Directing and controlling – Dimensions of leadership- Trait approach and contingency approach to leadership -control techniques. Functions of management in the context of globalization and opening up of economy – Coping with economic downturns.Schools of Management thought- Classical management: Scientific management, Bureaucratic Management Administrative Management-Behavioural school: Human relations approach, Behavioural science approach- Quantitative school-Systems school-Contingency school.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Sec 7
Corporate Governance – Need, Importance, Issues Corporate Governance, Role of auditors - Corporate Social Audit - Corporate Board, Attributes, Duties, Responsibilities - Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - Transparency & Disclosure - Corporate Scams - Fair Trade Practices - Emerging Trends in Corporate Governance.Strategy alternatives, Stability strategy, Growth strategy- Intensification and Diversification, Ansoff matrix. Defensive strategies- types. BCG matrix, GE matrix.Strategy evaluation and control- evaluation criteria, strategic control, operational control. Balances Scorecard. Characteristics of effective control system. Contingency planning- Strategies for Non Profit Organisations and MSMEs.Strategy implementation- role of organisation structure, culture, leadership and technology. 7 ‘S’ framework. Routes for executing strategy- Start up, merger and acquisition, joint venture, strategic alliances.Strategy, Business strategy-Nature and value, Strategic management process, Corporate, business and functional level strategies-Strategic intent- Vision, mission, business definition goals and objectives. External audit- micro and macro environment scanning- PESTLE analysis, five forces model and value chain model, SWOT analysis, TOWS matrix.
BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS
Sec 8
Data preparation – Editing, Coding, Classification and Tabulation - Data analysis - Testing goodness of fit of data - Cronbach’s Alpha - Parametric and Non-Parametric tests - Multivariate analysis - Analysis of Dependence – Analysis of Interdependence - Multiple Regression Analysis - Discriminant analysis - Factor Analysis - Cluster Analysis - SPSS.Introduction to business research - Meaning of Research - Need for Business Research – Elements of Science in Research -The Research Process –Problem Formulation- Statement of problem, framing objectives. Literature survey -role, process and presentation - Theoretical Frame Work in research - Research design – Exploratory, descriptive and Experimental designs.Research Proposal - Research Report – Components, Steps, and Types - Characteristics of Well Written Reports - Bibliographic Formats-APA, MLA - Style of Listing the Sources- books, Encyclopaedia, Dictionary, Magazines & Newspaper Articles, Website or Webpage, Online Document - Oral Presentation.- Research follow up.Sampling design –Population, Sampling Frame, sampling unit – Sampling types- probabilistic and non-probabilistic methods- Sample size - Determination of sample size- Sampling and non sampling error- Types of variables-Scaling Techniques - Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio Scales - Guttman Scale – Likert Scale.Types of data – Sources of primary and secondary data. Data collection methods: Interview – Types. Observation- types. Questionnaire - design and guidelines, Reliability and validity - Goodness of Measures - Projective techniques.
QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH
Sec 9
Decision making with O.R: Linear Programming: Formulation of the problem; Methods of solution, Applications of LPP in Industry and Management.Transportation Problem: Formulation; Methods of solution (Initial solution by North-West Corner Rule, least cost method & Vogel’s method; test of optimality, MODI method for final solution). Assignment problem: Enumeration method, Hungarian method; Multiple optimal solutions; Restrictions on assignments; Unbalanced problems; Travelling Salesman problem – Queuing Theory: M/M/1 Queue; Standard problems.Descriptive Statistics: measures of central tendency: Arithmetic mean – combined mean – Median – Measures of dispersion –Range, Mean deviation, standard deviation/variance – Quartile deviation – ‘Coefficient of variation. Skewness : Karl Pearson’s and moment measures of skewness, Kurtosis : moment measures of kurtosis- Probability Distributions: Random variable, probability density function, standard distributions – Binomial, Poisson distribution.Permutations and Combinations: Theory of probability, Concept of random experiment: outcomes, sample space, events disjoint events, A priori or mathematical probability Definitions probability (Classical, frequency and axiomatic). Addition rules: Conditional probability, Problem solving with these conceptsReplacement Problems: Replacement of items that deteriorate with time; Replacement of items that fail completely; Staffing problem- Simple Inventory Problems: Deterministic inventory with and without shortage; Single period probabilistic inventory models with and without setup cost – Game Theory: Two persons Zero-sum game- principle of dominance solutions in to linear programming.Simulation: Introduction to Simulation and modelling – Decision Theory: Concepts of decision making: Decision under uncertainty: Maximin criterion, Minimax criterion, Laplace criterion, Hurvicz criterion; Decision making under Risk: Expected minatory value, Expected value, of perfect information, OpportModuley loss.
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Sec 10
Maintenance and Reliability- Types of maintenance, Total Productive Maintenance, Six sigma, Agile Manufacturing, Lean Systems, Computer Integrated Manufacturing. Project management- Stages, CPM, PERT.Materials Management: Inventory control techniques, Purchase decision- Quantity and Period of purchase- Deterministic and stochastic models with numerical problems. Stores Management. MRP-I, MRP-II, ERP. Vendor management. Supply Chain Management- Make or Buy decision, Drivers of Supply Chain Performance.Process Design: Product –Process matrix, Single stage and multi stage process. Layout design: Importance, types of layouts. Job design: Work study, Work measurement techniques with numerical problems-Location selection for manufacturing and services- Relevant factors, Methods with numerical problems.Production vs. Operations, Role of operations, History-Cost focus, quality focus, Customisation, mass customisation, Productivity- Operations strategy, Decision areas in operations. Product design: Robust design, Modular design, Concurrent engineering, Value analysis, Green manufacturing.Quality-Dimensions, Cost of quality, Total Quality Management- TQM tools. Benchmarking, Kaizen, Employee empowerment, JIT. Quality management Systems- ISO 9000, ISO 14000, BIS. Production Planning and Control, Theory of Constraints.Scheduling: Capacity planning, Aggregate Production Planning methods, Short term scheduling.
Medical
100 Marks
Assistant Insurance Medical Officer ||| Assistant Surgeon ||| Casualty Medical Officer ||| Medical Officer
The Kerala Public Service Commission conducts recruitment for Assistant Insurance Medical Officer, Assistant Surgeon, Casualty Medical Officer, and Medical Officer posts in Insurance Medical Services and Health Services departments.
105m
22s
#kerala-psc#medical#doctor#health-services#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
HUMAN ANATOMY
Sec 1
Abdomen, Pelvis and PerineumBrain and Spinal CordGeneral AnatomyGeneral EmbryologyGeneticsHead and NeckLower LimbThoraxUpper Limb
OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
Sec 2
Caesarean section (indications, complications)CPD, obstructed labourHypertonic contractions, hypotonic contractions and incoordinate uterine actionVaginal delivery after caesareanElderly primi, grand multipara, Rh negative, Gynaecological disorders complicating pregnancyIntrauterine deathIUGRMultiple pregnanciesPost datismPreterm laborPROM (Premature rupture of membranes)Abnormal presentations and management: Occipito posterior position, Breech presentation, transverse lie, brow/face presentationAbnormal puerperium: cause clinical presentation investigations and managementAbortions: Types, aetiopathology, investigations and managementAcceleration of labor and drugs used in laborActive management of third stage of laborAcute abdomenAdolescent medicine (Gynaecology)AnalgesiaAntenatal care: objectives of antenatal care routine antenatal check up, Assessment of period of gestation, obstetric examination, general examination, other system examinationBreast feedingClinical monitoring of maternal and fetal well being, detect abnormalityCommon problems in Pregnancy - Oedema, Pruritis, heart burn, piles, varicose veins, clothing and foot ware, exercise, sex, hygiene, nutrition, rest, drug in pregnancyContraception: various methods and devices, selection of patients, counselling of the Couples, follow up, side effects, complications, and failure ratesDelivery: stages of labour, management of first of labourDrugs: Immunisation, drug prescription relevant blood examination, urine examination and interpretation of the results and physiological changes in pregnancyDummy pelvis, Mannequins resuscitation of newbornEctopic pregnancy: aetiopatholgy, early diagnosis, late diagnosis, clinical features, differential diagnosis and principles of management (conservative, medical and surgical)Fetal surveillanceFetomaternal medicine: Screening for congenital abnormalities, blood tests (maternal and fetal) Amniotic fluid analysis, fetal tissue biopsyFetal distress: definition, diagnosis and management neonatal resuscitation, care of newborn, examination of newborn and identifying congenital abnormalities, jaundice in newbornAbnormal hysterectomyAbnormal menstruation – definition, classification, clinical features and principles of investigations, diagnosis and managementNormal menstrual cycle – physiology of menstruationAbnormal menstruation:Abnormal vaginal discharge: causes, clinical examination, diagnosis, investigation and management. Counselling regarding prevention of STD’sAmenorrhoea: Definition, classification, causes, investigations and managementColposcopy: Principles instrument, procedureCorrection of enterocele, diagnosis and operation for vault prolapseDysfunctional uterine bleeding and postmenopausal bleeding: Definition, causes, investigations and managementEndometriosis: aetiopathology, classification, clinical features, diagnosis and management, contraceptionEndoscopy in gynaecological practiceGenital infections: STDs, PID, HIV infection and AIDS, genital TB – aetiopathology, diagnosis and principles of managementGenital injuries including fistulae: Causes, diagnosis, clinical features, and principles of management and preventionHormonal therapy: when to give, when not to give, type of hormones with dosage, duration of hormonal therapy, complications and contraindications for hormonal therapyHysteroscopy: Principles, indications, instrumentation, procedure, steps in present gynaecological practices and complications.Infertility: Types, definition, causes, counselling, examination of couple and essential investigations, ART: various methods of assisted reproductive techniques, setting up of ART labLaproscopy: Principles, indications, instrumentation, procedure, complication, scope of laproscopy in gynaecological practicesMedical termination of pregnancy, evacuation of incomplete Abortion tubal ligation, IUCD insertionNeoplasms of genital tract – Benign and malignant, aetiopathology, clinical feature, diagnosis, principles of management and cancer screening and preventive aspectsOperative gynaecology: Indications, complications of D&C, cervical biopsyOvarian tumoursRadical procedure for malignancyVaginal hysterectomy, sling proceduresHyperemesis gravidarum: definition, aetiopathology, clinical features advice and drug therapyInduction of labor (various methods of induction – merits and demerits)Labour monitoring partogram, Labour analgesiaManagement of second stage of labour (vaginal delivery with episiotomy)Management of third stage of labor:Mechanism of labourAnaemia in pregnancyDiabetes in pregnancyHeart disease complicating pregnancyHypertensive disorders of pregnancyJaundice in pregnancy Haemorrhage and coagulation disorders in obstetrics and immunology in pregnancyThyroid disorders, immunological disorders like SLE, ACLA, and thrombophilia complicating pregnancyUTI, hepatitis, TB, chest disease complicating pregnancyVeneral disease, infections, HIV complicating pregnancyMTP Act, Legal and ethical aspects, methods, complications and managementNormal LabourAssisted breech delivery, breech extractionCaesarean sectionCervical encirclage extra amniotic instillation and manual removal of placentaExternal cephalic version, internal podalic versionIndication and steps of the procedure of episiotomyInstrumental evacuationVacuum extraction, forceps deliveryOther complications of third stage of labor and managementPhysiology of onset of labor, fetal skull and pelvisManagement of fever, skin wound complications, complications like burst abdomen, intraperitoneal bleeding and intra peritoneal collections, instruments, specimens etc.Routine management of postoperative patient like IV fluids, drugs, antibiotics, ambulation, nutritionPregnancy - Diagnosis, Clinical features, differential diagnosis, relevant tests and the principles underlying the testsPrevention of PPH, Management of PPHRecurrent pregnancy loss: causes, investigations and managementTrophoblastic diseases: aetiopathology, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, management, long term follow up and complicationsUltrasound examinationUltrasound MRI in obstetrics: diagnostic and interventionalUrological problems
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Sec 3
Acute conjunctivitis, Trachoma, Allergic conjunctivitis, Pingencula, pterygium, Xerosis/ bitot spots, Dry eye, Angular conjunctivitis, neonatal conjunctivitis, subconj hemorrhager, D/D of conjunctival and limbal noduleAngle closure glaucoma, open angle glaucoma, steroid induced glaucoma, lens induced glaucoma including surgery and managementAwareness of amblyopia, types of squint, paralytic, non-paralyticCataract and management, cong. Conditions, surgery and complications, lens abnormality, secondary glaucomas, congenital glaucomaCauses of blindnessCauses of sudden / partial / painless dimension of visionCentral retinal artery occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, retinal detachment, retinopathy of prematurity, retinitis pigmentosa, retinoblastoma, Pappilledema, optic neuritis, optic atrophyChemical injuries, open globe injuries, closed globe injuries and first aid treatment including sympathetic injuries.Chronic conjunctivitis, Dry eye, membraneous conjunctivitis, Inclusion conjunctivitisChronic side effects of systemic medication, local anaesthetics, viscoelastics, steroid and NSAIDSCommon causes of proptosis, orbital cellulites, cavernous sinus thrombosisCorneal Inflammations: Corneal ulcers-bacterial, fungal, viral, Mooren’s ulcer, Vitamin A deficiency and keratomalacia, exposure keratitis, neuroparlytic keratitis, corneal blindness, eye banking, eye donation, keratoplasty, arcus senilis, corneal oedema, deep / interstitial keratitis, degenerations and dystrophies, overview of keratorefractive surgery.Dacryocystitis – congenital, acute, chronic, epiphoraDefinition and types of blindness.Ectropion entropion, trichiasis, ptosis, Iagophthalmos, symblepharon, blepharitis, Chalazion, refractive error, myopia, hypermetropia, Astigmatism, presbyopia, aphakia / pseduophakia, Anisometropia, overview of keratorefractive surgery.Enucleation – Indication, techniqueEye and systemic diseases including AIDSEye campsFundus changes in diabetes, hypertension, anaemias, pregnancy induced hypertension, haematological disorders, myopiaIridocylitis, Panophthalmitis, EndophthalmitisLasers in OphthalmologyNPCB, Vision 2020Ocular malignancy – retinoblastoma and malignant melanoma of choroidPharmacologyPhotocoagulationPromotion of eye donationRetinal vascular diseasesScleritis, episcleritisSiderosis bulbi, Chalcosis, medico legal aspects.Symptomatic disturbances of vision, overview of recent advances in ophthalmologySynchisis syntillans, Asteroid hyalosis.Systemic associations of uveitis, Choroiditis, Coloboma iris, ocular albinism, vitreous hemorrhage – causes
PSYCHIATRY
Sec 4
Aetiological factors in psychiatric disordersBipolar disordersClassification of psychiatric disordersClinical interview and mental state examinationDepressive disordersLegal aspects of psychiatryMajor manifestation of psychiatric illnessNeurotic, stress related and somatoform disordersOrganic brain syndromeSchizophreniaSleep disordersSubstance abuseTreatments used in psychiatric illness
FAMILY WELFARE
Sec 5
Applied anatomy of mechanical methods for prevention of conceptionIn female – Barrier contraception, female condom, IUCD, tubectomy etc.In male – Condom, vasectomy (NSV) etcCommunity Medicine: The need for Family Welfare Planning, organization of Family Planning service, Health Education in relating to Family Planning, Nutrition, Physiological need of the mother, the child and the family Demography and the vital statisticsPediatrics: Problems of child health in relation to large family: organization of pediatric services, nutritional problems of mother and child, childhood diseases due to over crowding.Contraindications for administration of contraceptives. Side effects of contraceptivesMode of action and administration of chemical contraceptives and oral contraceptivePhysiology, endocrine and regulation of reproduction in the female. The safe period-rhythm method of contraception, principle of use of oral contraceptives.
SURGERY AND ITS ALLIED SPECIALITIES
Sec 6
Arteries - Applied anatomy and physiology, investigation, trauma, acute ischaemia, chronic ischaemia, Arterial aneurysms and A. V. fistula, amputationsATLS, poly trauma, disaster managementBiliary system – congential disorders, gall stone, cholecystitis, CholangocarcinomaChest – diaphragm, mediastinum, chest injuries: Thoracic outlet compression syndrome, heart and pericardium, pleura and lungs.Critically injured patient including TriageDifferent types of wounds and their managementFluid and electrolyte balance, nutritional supportGastrointestinal tract – oesophagus, anatomy and physiology, congential anomalies, dysphagia, achalasia and other motility disorders, oesophageal perforation, gastrooesophageal reflux diseases, tumours.Genitourinary system – congenital conditions, trauma, infections, stones, hydronephrosis, tumours of kidney, tumours of bladder, retention of urinary bladder, haematuria, torsion, undescended testis, epididymo-orchitis, carcinoma penis, phimosis, prostate testicular tumours, benign prostatic hypertrophy, carcinoma prostate, adrenal gland surgery pheochromacytoma and conn syndrome.Head and neck - Head injuries, facio maxillary injuries, salivary glands, mouth and face, cleft lip, cleft palate, oral cancers and premalignant conditions, jaw tumours, ranula, misc-Branchial cysts, arid fistula, carotid body tumours.Immunology and organ transplantation, HIV and surgeon, Hepatitis BInflammations – Lymphangitis, lymphadentis, malignant neoplasms – lymphomasLiver – Applied anatomy and physiology, trauma, liver abscess, cysts of the liver, portal hypertension, tumours, principles and management of obstructive jaundice.Lymphatics and lymph nodes - Applied Anatomy and physiology, lymph oedema – primary, secondary, lymph cyst – cystic hygromaMetabolic response to traumaMiscellaneous – Abdominal trauma, minimally invasive surgery, peritoneum and retroperitoneum, hernia and abdominal wall, mesentery, surgical audit and day care surgeryPancreas – Anatomy, development and physiology, congenital anomalies, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis including calcific pancreatitis, tumours, surgical jaundicePre-operative and post-operative care – emphasis on intensive care and high dependency sterilizationPrinciples of imaging techniquesPrinciples of Surgery, genetics, history of surgery, surgical ethicsRectum and anal canal – ano-rectal anomalies, prolapse, haemorrhoids, ano-rectal sepsis, fissure, fistula, tumourShock: Types, pathogenesis and management, Haemorrhage, Haemostasis, Blood transfusion, BurnsNormal structure – Ulcers, sinus and fistula, cysts and benign tumoursPre-malignant conditions, malignant tumours, skin coverSmall and large intestine – Anatomy, physiology, embryology, congenital disorders, inflammatory bowel disease including typhoid, tuberculosis, tumours, intestinal obstruction.Spleen – Anatomy and physiology, trauma – splenic conservation, indication for splenectomyStomach and Duodenum – Anatomy, physiology, embryology, congenital, peptic ulcer disease (APD), Upper GI haemorrhage, tumours, pyloric stenosisSurgical sepsis – specific infection, Nosocomial infection, antibiotic policySuture materials and anastomosisThyroid and parathyroid thyroglossal cyst and fistula Breast - Applied anatomy and physiology, investigation, fibrocystic diseases, inflammation, tumoursTraumaVeins - Applied anatomy and physiology, varicose veins and venous ulcers, DVT and superficial thrombophlebitisVermiform appendix – Anatomy, appendicitis, neoplasmWound healing and complications
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY INCLUDING BIO-PHYSICS
Sec 7
AuditionCardiovascular SystemEndocrinologyGastrointestinal SystemHematologyNerve - muscle physiologyNervous SystemPhysiology of ReproductionRenal SystemRespiratory SystemSkin and Temperature regulationSpecial Senses
PHARMACOLOGY
Sec 8
Autacoids and related drugsAutonomic nervous systemCardiovascular systemCentral nervous systemChemotherapyDrugs acting on Endocrine systemDrugs affecting blood and blood formationGeneral pharmacology and basic concepts of clinical pharmacologyGITInfective/Parasitic conditionsMedical emergenciesMiscellaneousNational health programmesRespiratory systemToxicology
COMMUNITY MEDICINE
Sec 9
Basic epidemiologyBio-statisticsCharacteristics of agent, host and environmental factors in health and disease and the multifactorial etiology of disease.Definition of health, holistic concepts of health including the concept of spiritual health, appreciation of health as a relative concept, dimensions and determinants of healthDefinition, concepts and evolution (history) of public healthHealth profile of IndiaIntroduction to various health indicatorsUnderstanding the concept of prevention and control of diseaseUnderstanding the natural history of disease and application of interventions at various levels of preventionsDemography and vital statisticsDevelopment and health interfaceDisabilityDisaster managementAwareness of standards of housing and its effect of housing on health.Concepts of solid waste, human excreta and sewage disposal.Concepts of water conservation, rainwater harvesting and global warming.Health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation pollution.Identifying the features of vectors and their control measures.Life cycles of vectors and advantages and limitations of various vector control measures.Mode of action, application cycle of commonly used insecticides and rodenticides.Physical, Chemical and bacteriological standards of drinking water quality and tests of assessing bacteriological quality of waterRadiation prevention and controlBasel conventionKyoto ProtocolStockholm conventionRecent issue in environmental health.Role of vectors in the causation of diseases.Urban waste management.Water: concepts of safe and wholesome water, sanitary sources of waterborne diseases, water purification process, water quality standards.Epidemiology of specific diseases: Communicable and noncommunicableHealth care of elderlyHealth care system in IndiaHealth care waste managementHealth planning, management and administrationHealth promotion and education / communication for behavioural change (Information, education, communication)International healthLegislation and public healthMental health and behavioural problemsNutritionOccupational healthReproductive and child healthSchool healthAssessment of barriers to good health and health seeking behaviourAssessment of socio-economic status, effect of health and illness on socio-economic statusAttitude, Behaviour, habitsConcept of sociology and behavioural science, Clinico-socio-cultural and demographic evaluation of the individual, family and communityConflicts – internal, interpersonal and conflict resolutions, defense mechanismsDevelopment and health interface – poverty and health, poverty alleviation programme, health of the marginalized, sustainable and inclusive developmentDoctor-patient relationshipEmotions, frustrations, role of emotions in health and coping with emotionsEthicsGender and health including gender based violence, epidemiology of violence and its prevention and control life skill educationImpact of urbanization on health and diseaseIntelligence – IQ and EQLearning – Types and skillsPersonality – Types, Interpersonal relationshipsPoverty link to health and disease and poverty alleviation programmesRole of family in health and diseaseSocial psychology, community behaviour and community relationship, hospital sociology and psychologySocial security – health insurance: Organized sector, unorganized sector, special groups (Eg: elderly)Socio-cultural factors related to health and disease in the context of urban and rural societiesStress and coping skills – integrated (Psychiatry)Urban health
PAEDIATRIC
Sec 10
Behavioural problems in children - Enuresis, thumb sucking, breath holding, dyslexia, specific learning disorders, child rearing problems like infantile colic, growing pain etcCNS - Cerebral palsy, mental retardation, meningitis and encephalitis, seizure disorders and febrile seizures, microcephaly and hydrocephalus, floppy infant, therapeuticsCommon chromosomal disorders and genetic counselling - Down’s syndrome, Turner syndrome.Common poisoning and accidents in children - Kerosene, Dhatura, paracetamol and iron, snake bite, burns etc.Connective tissue disorders - JRA, other vasculitis syndromes including SLE and HSP, Kawasaki diseaseCVS - Congenital heart disease, rheumatic fever and RHD, CCF, hypertension, infective endocarditis.Disorders of kidney - acute nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, urinary tract infectionEndocrine disorder - diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, short stature and intersex, ambigous genitalia, precocious pubertyFragile X and Genetic counselling,Diarrhoeal diseases, hepatitis and hepatic failure, cirrhosis liver and portal hypertension.Helminthic infestations.Haemopoietic system - anaemia in children, bleeding disordersPoliomyelitis, measles, diphtheria, tetanus, childhood tuberculosis, typhoid fever, HIV infection, dengue and chikungunya, viral haemorrhagic fevers and malaria. Pertussis, mumps, rubella, influenza, H1N1, seasonal epidemicsInnocent problems causing undue parental anxiety breath holding spell, evening colic, growing pain etc.Malignancies in children - leukemia, lymphomas, neuroblastoma, solid tumours, CNS tumours, new born respiratory distress in newborn, perinatal diagnosis and treatment, sepsis in newborn, assessment and management of asphyxia, thermoregulation in newborn congenital malformations, disorders of gestation and low birth weight, neonatal resuscitation, neonatal jaundice, sepsis, BFHI and feeding, normal variations intrauterine infections, neonatal seizuresNational programmes - IMNCI, RCH3, NRHM, Vitamin A, Iodine deficiency, IDSP, ARI, ADD, AFP & PPINutrition - BFHI, IYCF Nutritional assessment, SAM, specific vitamin deficiency disordersRespiratory system - Childhood asthma, acute bronchiolitis, pneumonias in children suppurative lung disease, smoking and environmental pollution, Croup syndromesTreatment of epilepsy, GBS, ADEM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Sec 11
Biochemistry of CancerCarbohydratesClinical ChemistryHaemoglobinLipidsMaintenance of HomeostasisMetabolism of Amino acidsMetabolism of LipidsMineral MetabolismNucleic Acids and Molecular BiologyPlasma Proteins and ImmunoglobulinsProteinsVitamins
RADIOLOGY
Sec 12
Biological changesEmergency radiologyGastrointestinal systemGenitourinary systemHepatobiliary systemNeuroimaging modalitiesProduction of X-raysSkeletal radiology chest and Mediastinum
DERMATOLOGY
Sec 13
Bullous skin lesion collagen disorderEczematous dermatitisGastrogenic disordersInfections of skinLeprosy and national leprosy control programmesLesions of skin appendagesMaculopapular,Neoplastic lesionsPigmentary disturbancesSquamous lesion
RADIOTHERAPY
Sec 14
Cancer epidemiology and possible etiological factors, screening for cancerCommon malignancies, diagnosis and treatmentHormone treatment in cancerMethods of radiotherapy and recent advancesPrinciples of cancer chemotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents used in the management of cancerPrinciples of radiation oncology, radioactive sources – Teletherapy, Brachial therapy and nuclear medicine
ANAESTHESIOLOGY
Sec 15
Cardio-pulmonary and cerebral resuscitation, basic cardiac life support (BCLS), advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)Complication in anaesthesia and post-operative periodEquipments in anaesthesia and methods of oxygen therapyGeneral anaesthesia – Basal anaesthesia triads of anaesthesia Inhalational agentsIntravenous anaesthetic agentsIntravenous fluid therapy, intraoperative monitoringIntroduction – scope of AnaesthesiologyMethods of pain reliefPre-anaesthetic check-up premedicationRegional analgesia – subarachnoid and epidural analgesia, other techniques of regional analgesia and agents used.
PATHOLOGY
Sec 16
Cardiovascular pathologyCell injuryCirculatory disturbancesDermato-pathologyEndocrine PathologyGrowth disturbancesHaematopathologyInfectious diseasesLiver and Biliary tract pathologyLymphoreticular system.Miscellaneous disordersNeuropathologyOsteopathologyPathology of gastrointestinal tractRenal and urinary tract pathologyReproductive system.Respiratory pathology
MEDICINE AND ITS ALLIED SPECIALITIES
Sec 17
AnatomyApproach to a case of vertigoCerebellar disordersCNS tuberculosisDementias, DeliriumDemyelinationEndocrine disease related to gonadsExtrapyramidal disordersFunctionalHemorrhagic strokeMigraine and cluster headacheMotor neuron disease and myastheniaPeripheral NeuropathyPhysiology and InvestigationPituitary dysfunction and tumourSeizures and epilepsy IschemicSpinal cord disordersStrokeCommon adverse reactionsCommon drug interactionsGeneral principles of drug therapyMonitoring drug therapyRational prescription writingAcute LVF + Acute severe asthmaApproach to comaBioterrorism and disaster managementCardiopulmonary resuscitation statusDICEmergency management of acute coronary syndromeEpilepticsManagement of hepatic encephalopathySevere sepsis and shockCardiac failureCardiomyopathiesCongenital heart disordersCoronary artery diseasesCoronary circulationCorpulomonaleDVT + pulmonary embolismECG and X-ray interpretationHypertension and hypertensive heart diseaseInfective endocarditisPericardial diseasePeripheral vascular diseasesRheumatic fever and RHDRhythm disturbancesDisturbance of body temperatureAddison’s diseaseCushings disease + syndromeDiabetes MellitusHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismMetabolic bone disease + Osteoporosis + Vitamin deficiencyParathyroid disorders + TetanyThyroiditis and other thyroid disordersAlcohol abuseBites and stings, snake bite, scorpion sting + othersCommon poisonings organophosphate and carbamate sedatives, hypnotics, antipsychotics, TCA, Rat poison + paracetamol, formic acid, methyl alcohol, OdollumHanging, drowning, electrical injuriesRadiation hazardsAcidosisAlkalosisHypokalemia + HyperkalemiaHyponatremia + HypernatremiaHypovolemia and dehydrationClinical GeneticsDrug therapy in elderlyNormal ageing and age-related common problemsAbdominal tuberculosisAcid peptic diseasesApproach to patient with AscitesApproach to patient with JaundiceChronic liver diseaseDisease of colon and rectumDrug / toxin induced hepatitis and NASHHaemochromatosis and Wilson’s diseaseIBSInflammatory bowel diseaseMalabsorption syndrome and tropical spruePhysiology of absorption and investigation proceduresUpper GI bleedAcute LeukemiasAplastic anaemia + AgranulocytosisBleeding disordersChronic LeukemiasCoagulation disordersDeficiency anaemiaHaemolytic anaemias FeHUS and TTPLymphomaMacrocyte and Megaloblastic anaemiaPlasma cell disordersPolycythemiaAnaphylaxis, Urticaria, AngioedemasImmune reactionImmunoglobulinRole of B and T LymphocytesAcute viral hepatitis chronicAmoebiasisApproach to fever and PUOBrucellosisChickenpox,ChickungunyaCommon exanthematous feversCommon fungal infectionsCommon gram negative infectionsCommon gram positive infectionsDengue fever,FilariasisGastroenteritis, Cholera, food poisoningHelminthic infections, Bacillary dysenteryHerpes zosterHIV AIDSInfluenza and other respiratory viral infectionsLeptospirosisLRTI – Bronchitis and community acquired pneumoniaMeningitisRabiesRicketsiaSepsisSkin and soft tissue infections including cellulitisTetanusTuberculosisTyphoid,URI including sinusitisUTIViral hepatitis malariaMedical disorders in pregnancyHypo and Hypervitaminosis A & DNutrition requirementsObesityProtein calorie malnutrition in adultsVitamin deficienciesVitamin excessAssessment and treatment of chronic painPrimary Immune deficiency disordersAcute renal failureChronic renal failureGlomerular diseaseNephrotic syndrome RFTBronchial asthmaBronchogenic carcinomaCOPDILDPleural diseasesRespiratory failureSuppurative lung diseaseApproach to chronic backacheDegenerative joint disordersInflammatory muscle diseaseRheumatoid arthritisSLESpondyloarthopathies
ORTHOPAEDICS
Sec 18
Bone, tumour, osteochondroma, simple bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst and endochondroma, giant cell tumour, osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, multiple myeloma, metastatic bone diseases and osteogenesis imperfectaCDHCTEV and flat footIntervertebral disc prolapseNerve injuries – Radial nerve, ulnar nerve, sciatic nerve, amputations and osteoarthrosis hip, knee, cerebral palsyPerthe’s disease and slipped upper femoral epiphysisRheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitisRickets and osteomalaciaScoliosis and spondylothesisTorticollis, congential pseudoarthrosis of tibia and arthrgryphosis multiplex congenita ostemyelitis septic arthritis tuberculosis – spine, hip, knee, elbow, wrist and other sitesAnkle injuries – Pott’s fractureColle’s fracture and fracture scaphoidComplications of fracture – open fractures and pathological fractureDefinition of a fracture and types of fracture and general principles of management of fractureElbow dislocation and forearm fractureExtensor mechanism injuries of kneeFracture clavicle, fracture neck of humerus and shoulder dislocationFracture humems (Shaft) and supracondylar fractureFracture of tarsal bonesFracture pelvis and hip fracture – fracture of femurFracture spine and traumatic paraplegiaHand injuriesHip dislocation and fracture shaft of femurIntercondylar fracture and Olecranon fractureLeg fractureMeniscus tear and fracture patellaMonteggia fracture and Galeazzi’s fracture
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Sec 19
Disability evaluation – principles people with disabilities Act – 1995Introduction to physical medicine and rehabilitation disability process and progression of disabilities concept of Impairment / disability and hard capPain management principlesPrinciples of occupational therapy its application in the rehabilitation of various disabilitiesPrinciples of physical therapy – various modalities and therapeutic exercisesPrinciples of prosthetics and rehabilitation aids their application in the rehabilitation of disabilitiesPrinciples of rehabilitation of people with disabilitiesTo get exposed to the potentials of socia-vocation rehabilitation of the various describing conditions in the light of the 1995 Act people with disabilities (equal opportunities etc) Act 1995To get oriented to basic principles of community based rehabilitation of people with disabilitiesTo understand the basic principles of disability conclusion and for certification purposes
OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
Sec 20
Disease of inner ear: Vertigo – classification, causes, investigations and management (special mention of Meniere’s disease, positional vertigo and acoustic neuroma)Introduction to diseases of ear Topics: Diseases of external ear (with special mention on wax, otomycosis, foreign body, keratosis and malignant otitis externa. Diseases of middle ear: Acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, chronic suppurative otitis media – TTD, AAD, complications of middle ear infections. Deafness – classification, causes, investigations, early detection of deafness in children and rehabilitation (special mention to audiometry, otosclerosis, learning and speech rehabilitation.Acute sinusitis (in detail), chronic sinusitis (in detail)Complications of infections of nose and paranasal sinusesFacio-maxillary injuries (in detail), epistaxis, DNS and nasal polyp (special emphasis on FESS)Rhinitis – etiology, classification and management (special mention of allergic rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis and allergic fungal rhino-sinusitis.)Tumours of nose and PNS (special mention of inverted papilloma, naso-pharyngeal angiofibroma and malignancy)Dysphagia – causes, investigations and management (special mention of malignancy)Foreign bodies of aero-digestive tract – diagnosis, management and complications, endoscopies in ENTHoarseness – diagnosis and managementMalignant lesions of larynx and laryngo-pharynxNeck space infections – Ludwig’s angina, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscessStridor – diagnosis and managementTonsils and adenoids (special mention of Qunisy, patches in oral cavity and pharynx)
FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY
Sec 21
Asphyxial deaths: Definition, causes, types, post-mortem appearances and medico legal significance of violent asphyxia deaths like hanging, strangulation, suffocation, smothering, choking, drowning, traumatic asphyxia.Blood – preservation and dispatch of samples, importance of blood groups in disputed paternity, hazards of blood transfusion.Principles of laboratory tests for identification of the above and interpretation of the results.Seminal and salivary stains preservation, dispatch and importance of grouping.Biological fluids:Algor mortis, Livor mortis, Rigor mortis, cadaveric spasm, cold stiffening, heat stiffeningCommon post mortem artifacts.Decomposition, modified forms of decomposition, estimation of time since death.Court procedures. Summons, warrant, Conduct money, Oath / affirmation, types of witnesses, recording of evidence, conduct of doctor in witness box, perjury, hostile witness.Courts in India and their powers. Supreme Court, High Court, Sessions Court, Assistant Sessions Court and Magistrate Courts.Death sexDefinition of forensic medicine, forensic pathology and medical jurisprudenceDefinition, diagnosis and certification (as per MCCD rules), somatic, molecular and brain death. Sudden natural deaths, suspended animation. Changes after death.Civil and criminal responsibilities of mentally ill persons.Definition and brief overview of common mental illnesses.Indian mental health act with special reference to admission, care and discharge of mentally ill persons.True and feigned mental illnesses.Forensic psychiatry:Abortion, MTP, sexual sterilization, artificial insemination and their legal aspects.Legal aspects of the above.Potency, sterility, virginity, pregnancy, delivery.Sexual offences and abnormal sexual practices.Human sexual functions:IdentificationDefinition.Identification of persons, dead bodies and remains of a person by sex, age, biometry, dental features, scars, moles, tattoos, dactylography, personal belongings, photography, superimposition, DNA.Infant and childhood deaths: Viability and determination of intrauterine age of the foetus, live birth, still birth, dead born. Sudden infant death syndrome, child abuse.Inquest proceduresIntroduction to the subject, historical aspects of forensic medicineMechanical injuries or woundsClassification of injuries, description of blunt force and sharp force injuries.Definition of wound, injury, hurt, assault, battery.Fire arms – principles, types, examination and interpretation of fire arm wounds. Comparison microscopy.Injuries due to physical agents and their medico legal importance: Heat, cold, electricity and lightning. Explosion injuries.Injuries due to traffic occurrences.Medico legal aspects of injuries: Difference between ante mortem and post-mortem injuries, determination of different types of injuries, defense wounds, hesitation cuts, fabricated injuries, simple and grievous hurt, suicidal, accidental and homicidal injuries, causes of death by mechanical injuries, legal classification of fatal injuries.Regional injuries: Injuries to head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, genitalia, vertebral column and bones.Medical certificates and medico legal reports. Birth, death, wound, drunkenness, potency, offence cases, intimation, notification.Certification of births, deaths, illness, fitness, disability.Consent: Types, age in relation to consent, consent in relation to mental illness and alcohol intoxication, consent in emergency situations.Consumer protection act.Duties and rights and privileges of a registered medical practitioner.Indian medical council and state medical councils, their functions and disciplinary control.Medical negligence: Civil, criminal, contributory negligence, vicarious responsibility, res ipsa loquitur, prevention of medical negligence and defence in medical negligence suits.Professional conduct, etiquette and ethics in medical practice.Professional secrecy and privileged communication.Medical jurisprudence:Medico legal aspects of deaths due to starvation-forced feeding.Medico legal autopsy and exhumationDefinition of medico legal and clinical / pathological autopsy.Objectives, procedures and formalities of medico legal autopsy.Preservation of articles and tissues of importance during autopsy.Chloral hydrateConvulsants: Strychnine.Definition and general principles of management of a case of poisoning.Animal poisons: snake and scorpion bites.Asphyxiants: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, Hydrogen sulphide and Cyanides.Cardiac Poisons: Cerbera Odollam, Cerbera thevitia, Nerium odorum.Corrosive poisons: strong mineral acids, alkalies and organic acids – (carbolic, formic and oxalic acid).Deliriants: Dhatura, Cannabis and Cocaine.Inebriants: Methyl and Ethyl alcohol.Insecticides: Organophosphorous compounds, carbamates and Organocholoro compounds, Aluminium phosphide and Zinc phosphide.Metallic poisons: Lead, Arsenic and Iron.Diagnosis and principles of therapy and medico legal aspects of the following poisons, giving special emphasis to those of regional importance.Drug abuse and dependence.Inorganic non metallic poisons: Phosphorous.Mechanical poisons.Medico legal duties of a doctor in a case of poisoning, preservation dispatch of viscera for chemical analysis. Role of chemical examiner’s laboratory and forensic science laboratory in brief.Organic vegetable irritants: Abrus precatorius, capsicum, calotropis, Semicarpus anacardium, Croton.Paralytic agents: Curare.War gases and industrial gases.
MICROBIOLOGY
Sec 22
Antibacterial agents and antibiotic sensitivity testBacterial geneticsGrowth, nutrition culture mediaIdentification of bacteriaInfection – Source and spread of infectionIntroduction to microbiologyMorphology of bacteria comparison with other microbial formsResponse to microbial infectionsSterilisation and disinfectionAntigen, antibodiesAutoimmunityComplement in health and diseasesHLA antigens in health and diseasesHypersensitivityImmunodeficiency diseasesImmunoprophylaxis and immunotherapyIntroduction, classification, type and cells involved in immunitySerological test in medical practicesTumour and transplantationIntroduction – classification of fungi and general principles of lab diagnosisOppurtunistic fungiSubcutaneous infections – Mycetoma, RhinosporidiosisSuperficial infectionsSystematic mycosisHelminthus – intestinal nematodes, tissue nematodes, cestodes, trematodes – laboratory diagnosis of helminthic infectionsIntroduction of parasitic diseaseProtozoal infections – Amoebiasis, Plasmodium, Leishmaniasis, Trypanosoma, Giardia, Balantidium, Cryptosporidium, Trichomonas, Toxoplasma, Pneumocystis – laboratory diagnosis of protozoal infectionClostridia, Nonsporing anaerobesGram negative Bacillus-Haemophilus, Bordetella, Brucella, Enterobacteria / YersiniaGram negative Cocci- NeisseriaGram positive Bacilli-Corynebacterium, Listeria, BacillusGram positive Cocci-Stapohylococci, Streptococci, PneumococciMycobacteria, Nocardia, ActinomycesMycoplasma, Legionella, Rickettsia, ChlamydiaPseudomonas, Pasteurella, AcinetobacterSpirochetesVibrio / CampylobacterArbovirusesBacteriophagesGeneral characteristics of virusesHepatitis, MiscellaneousMyxovirusesOncogenic virusesPapova, RetrovirusPicorna virusPox virus, Herpes, AdenovirusReplication of virusRhabdo virusVirus host interaction
Medical
100 Marks
BLOOD BANK TECHNICIAN GRADE II
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for the post of Blood Bank Technician Grade II in the Medical Education Service/Health Services Department.
90m
5s
#kerala-psc#blood-bank-technician#medical-laboratory#clinical-pathology#diploma-level
Syllabus Explorer
Haematology
Sec 1
Anaemia: classification of anaemia. Describe about the symptoms and lab diagnosis of IDA, sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia, megaloblastic anaemia, pernicious anaemia, H. spherocytic anaemia.Anticoagulants: EDTA, Double oxalate, Heparin , Trisodium citrate etc.Blood coagulation and haemostasis: Describe the whole blood coagulation time, clot retraction test, clot lysis test, bleeding time, tourniquet test, one stage prothrombin time test, partial thromboplastin time test.Blood parasites: Describe about Malaria, Kala azar, Trypanosomes and Microfilariae.Calculation and interpretation of Red cell indices.Collection of blood: Describe the Capillary and venous blood collection. Technique of collection by finger prick, earlobe incision, venepuncture. Method of collection from infants.Describe about the composition of bloodESR estimation: Describe various methods.Haematopoisis: Describe about the development of red cells, leucocytes and thrombocytes- demonstration.Haemoglobin: Describe the structure, function of Hb.Leukaemia: Describe the classification of lukaemia. Clinical symptoms and lab diagnosis of AML, ALL, CML, CLL and Multiple myeloma.Normal and abnormal blood cell morphology. Their functions and identification.PCV: Macro and micro methods in detail.Preparation and examination of thin and thick smear.Sickle cell preparation, LE cell preparation, Osmotic fragility test: principle, method and interpretation.Staining: Describe Romanowsky stains. Preparation of Leishmans, Wrights, Fields and Simeons stain.
MICROBIOLOGY
Sec 2
Describe about the antibiotics in common use.Describe the different methods for sensitivity test: - diffusion test, dilution test (MIC and MBC estimation).Preparation and storage of antibiotics for susceptibility test.Describe the composition, preparation, pH adjustment, sterilization and storage.Important culture medias are : nutrient broth, peptone water, glucose broth, bile broth, nutrient agar, blood agar, MC conkeys agar, chocolate agar, Muller Hinton agar, alkaline peptone water, carry blair medium, L J medium, Loefflers serum, XLD agar, TCBS agar, Robertsons cooked meat medium.Types of media are: simple, complex, synthetic or defined, enriched, enrichment, selective, indicator, differential, sugar, transport, aerobic and anaerobic media.Describe about fluorescent antibody test, ELISA.Describe immunology and immunity.Describe various antigen antibody reactions.Serology:- Describe the principle, procedure and interpretation of agglutination (Widal, Weil-felix test, Paul-bunnel test, Coombs test.) Precipitation (Eleks test,VDRL test, RPR card test) Neutralisation (ASO test.)Growth requirements:- water, a source of carbon, oxygen, temperature, H-ion concentration, light.Morphological classification: based on shape of bacteria:- cocci, bacilli, vibrios, spirilla, spirochaetes,actinomycetes, mycoplasmas.Describe about staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, meningococci, gonococci, corynebacteria, mycobacteria, enterobacteriaceae, spirochaetes, vibrios, pseudomonas, anaerobic spirochaetes, aerobic spore bearers, other anaerobic bacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia.Clinical mycology:- Desribe the collection of specimens like swabs, biopsy materials, pus, blood, skin scrapings, sputum etc.Cultivation:- Sabourauds dextrose agar, special solid media, slide culture in identification.Describe the common diseases of fungal origin:- cutaneous, subcutaneous, submucous, systemic.Desribe the classification of fungus: Yeast, yeast like,filamentous, dimorphic fungi.Enumerate the common contaminant fungi. Describe the morphology, cultural characteristics and methods for identification.Oppurtunistic fungal infections.Processing of specimen:- Microscopy-KOH preparation, LPCB preparation, grams stain, negative stain.Stain:-Lactophenol cotton blue.Concentration methods.Describe about protozoa, nematodes cestodes and trematodes. Describe about the morphology, life cycle and lab diagnosis of these parasites.Morphology and classification:- Protozoa and helminthes.Processing of specimens in parasitology:- Microscopy-blood smear(thin and thick smear).Stoolexamination for parasites, parasitic ova, larva-their identification.Describe microscopy, culture, biochemical identification, serological identification, pathogenicity test and antibiotic sensitivity test.Describe different methods of staining: simple, differential, special and negative staining.Important bacterial stains are: Grams stain, acid fast stain and modified acid fast stain.Their principles, methods and application.Describe the various sterilization methods: dry heat, moist heat, filtration, radiation, ultrasonic and sonic vibrations.Introduction to disinfection: Define. Describe various important disinfectants and antiseptics: alcohols, aldehydes, dyes, halogens, phenols, gases. Their action and application.Clinical virology:-Collection of specimens- throat swab, throat washings, respiratory secretions, CSF, stool, specimens from skin lesions, biopsy materials etc. Describe the transportation of specimens.Describe the structure, classification of DNA viruses and RNA viruses. Describe the morphology, cultivation and identification of viruses.Medically important viruses:- special emphasis on Hepatitis and HIV infections.Special care in handling of specimens from patients with HBV and HIV infections.Staining:-Fluorescent antibody techniques.Virus isolation:- Animal embryo, eggs, cell culture. Describe virus inclusions in diagnosis.
BIOCHEMISTRY
Sec 3
Estimation of Blood urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus,sodium, potassium, bicarbonates, amylases, phosphatases,LDH aqnd CPK in blood.Urea and creatinine clearance tests.Define Glycogenolysis and Gluconeogenesis.Describe about the classification of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with examples.Describe The Embden-Mayerhof pathway of Glucose metabolism.Diabetes mellitus:- Classification of Diabetes mellitus: IDDM, NIDDM. New classification: type1, type2,other specific types and gestational diabetes.Diseases related to increased Bl.glucose value.Describe various estimations used for blood glucose.G.T.T. various methods and interpretation.Glycosuria- methods for detectionGlycosylated Hb.(HbA1C): definition. Methods of estimation and Normal range.Hormonal regulation of blood sugar.Normal values of Blood sugar:FBS, PPBS, RBS.Pentosuria-methods for detection.Properties of glucose, fructose, sucrose ,lactose and galactose. Define glycolysis.Define. Describe various methods. Describe urine aminogram.Cleaning of Laboratory glassware and plasticware: describe various methods.Describe about different cleaning solutions. Preparation of chromic acid. Eg.for different cleaning solutions.Blood collection by using vacutainers.Blood:-Desribe about the collection of blood: venipuncture and capillary puncture.Mention about the various blood collection sites in children and adults.Methosds for separation of serum and plasma.Preparation of anticoagulated bulbs and tubes for blood collection: sodium fluoride, heparin, EDTA, citrate, oxalates.Urine:- Methods for collection of urine.Describe about various urine preservative.Desribe the principle of colorimetric analysis.Describe the working principle of spectrophotometer and fluorometer.Describe the physical and chemical examination.Estimation of chloride, sugar and protein in CSF.Various methods. Separation of serum protein fractions . Normal and abnormal patterns.Cholesterol synthesis. Role of liver in cholesterol metabolism. Different methods of estimation. Normal value and interpretation.Ketone bodies: Describe Ketonemia and ketosuria.Plasma lipoprotein: LDL, HDL,VLDL and Chylomicrons. Lipid profile tests and normal values.Significance of Triglycerides.Define pH.Describe various methods for pH detection.Describe Henderson and Hasselbatch equation.Describe about the preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, silver nitrate and potassium permanganate.Preparation of Normal , Molar and Percent solutions.Basic knowledge about the structure of proteins:Primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternary structure of protein.Describe the transaminase reactions.Fractionation of protein by electrophoresis.Total protein and albumin estimation methods.Totla protein normal value and interpretation.QC in Biochemistry: only basicsDescribe the methods for detection of specific gravity and pH reaction of urine.Detection of abnormal chemical constituents like protein, sugar, ketone bodies, bile salts, bile pigments, blood and urobilinogen.Estimation of VMA, 17- ketosteroid and 5-HIAA in urine.Various tests for Bence jones protein.
PATHOLOGY
Sec 4
ABO distribution among Indian population in percentage.Antibody titration:- Describe the technique. Mention minimum required titre for anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB, anti-Rh(D) and Coombs sera.Blood bank records:- briefly describe about the donor register, patient record, cross matching record, components register, issue register etc.Coombs test:-Describe direct coombs and indirect coombs test. Their applications.Describe ABO group of offspring from the various possible ABO mating.Describe about human blood group systems:- ABO, Rh ,P MNSs, Lewis, Luthern, Ii, Kidd, Duffy, Kell etc. Describe about subgroups of ABO system. Other variants of ABO blood group(Bombay blood group).Donor selection criteria:-Describe the criteria for selection. Describe the Hb screening technique using Copper sulfate method.Essential components in Blood bank:- Refrigerator, agitator, blood bank centrifuge, equipments in donors bleeding room and component separation room.Plasma and plasma substitutes:- Describe the preparation and storage of FFP, PRP and PPP.Rh blood group system:- Mention different Rh antigens.Rh typing methods (using complete and incomplete anti-D)Rh-HDN :- significance. Prevention methods for Rh-HDN.Tests on donor blood:-Describe grouping, cross matching and serological tests on donors blood.Transfusion reactions:- Describe Immunological (immediate and delayed type), Non immunological(immediate and delayed type).Basic principle of Immuno histo chemistry.Brief description about abnormal chromosomes.Cytogenetics:- Define Karyotyping.Cytology:- Describe the collection, preparation of smears , fixation, staining.Decalcification:-Different methods. Preparation of reagents used.Defects of processing:- rectification of defects.Describe about PAP stain, Shorrs stain.Describe in detail about the recognition and correction of faults occurring in blocks and sections.Describe the Buccal smear preparation. Barr body demonstration.Fixation:-Describe the purpose of fixation. Classification of fixatives according to ingredients, mode of action and materials used. Preparation and use of following fixatives: 10%of neutral formalin, formol saline, Zenkers acetic acid, Zenkers formalin, Carnoys fluid.Frozen sections:- Describe about freezing microtomes. Principle and use of Freezing microtomes. Preparation of frozen sections and staining. Advantages of frozen sections. Describe about cryostat.Methods of removing formalin pigment from sections.Microtome knives- different types. Sharpening and care of knives.Microtomes:-Describe various microtomes with principle, working , advantages and disadvantages of Rotary, rocking, sledge, and freezing microtomes.Preparation of paraffin sections:- Describe various stages in tissue processing (dehydration, clearing, infiltration). Different methods of embedding. Describe the principle and use of vaccum embedding.Principle, operation and care of automatic tissue processors.Staining:- Describe the principle of staining. Describe the principle, procedure and result of following Stains: Ehrlichs, Mayers, and Harris haematoxylins; Van Giesons stain, Reticulin stain, PAS, Perls Prussian blue, Rubianic acid, Masson Fontana, AFB stain, PTAH stain.Treatment of blocks before cutting.
Clinical Pathology
Sec 5
CSF examination: Describe the Physical, chemical and microscopical examination of CSF.Differentiate between Transudate and Exudate.Other body fluids: Describe about the pleural, pericardial, synovial and peritoneal fluid examination.Pregnancy test: Describe about the Bio assays and Immunological assays for pregnancy detection.Semen analysis: Describe about the Physical, microscopical and chemical examination of semen.Sputum examination: Describe about the physical, microscopical examination of sputum.Stool examination: Chemical and microscopic examination in detail. Describe about the occult blood test in stool.Urinalysis: Physical, chemical and microscopical examination of urine in detail.
Technical
100 Marks
Training Instructor (Electrician)
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for the post of Training Instructor (Electrician) in the Scheduled Castes Development Department and Industrial Training Department.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#electrician#training-instructor#technical-education#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
AC Motors, single and 3 phase
Sec 1
AC motor pannel wiringAC motors and starters single phase and 3 phaseAuto transformer starterDOL, Star delta, slip ring motor starterphase sequence
Alternating current and Earthing
Sec 2
Alternating current, EarthingCurrent rating, Testing of installation by meggerGrading of cable and wiresTypes of wiring both domestic and industrial
Instruments and Transformers
Sec 3
Basic principle of Transformer, emf equation of transformersControlling torque and Damping TorqueCooling, Protective DeviceMeasuring Instruments, Indication type and Deflecting typesparallel operation of Transformers
Ohm's Law
Sec 4
Buckling, SedimentationCare and maintenance of cellChemical effect of electric currentDifferent type of cellsEffects of variation of temperature on resistanceGrouping of cellsLaws of resistanceOhm's law, Kirchoff's law
Magnetism
Sec 5
Capacitor, types and functionsClassification of magnetic propertieselectromagnetism, Fleming's left and right hand ruleFaraday's laws of electromagnetic induction, Len'z lawMMF, Flux density, ReluctancePara, dia and ferromagnetic material
Illumination and Basic Electronics
Sec 6
classification of Diode, Rectifier, TransistorIllumination – Laws of illuminationSemiconductor – P type, N TypeType of lamp, Domestic appliances
Transmission
Sec 7
comparison of AC and DC transmissionTransmission and Distribution
Basic Electricity
Sec 8
Conductor, Insulator, SemiconductorFlux and soldering techniqueFundamental Of ElectricityProperty of ResistanceTypes of wires and cables
DC Machine
Sec 9
DC Generators and TypeDC motors and typeDescription of series, shunt and compound Generatoremf equationStarters 3 point, 4 point and speed control machine
Power Generation
Sec 10
Generation Source of energyVarious types of power generation
Technical
100 Marks
Food Safety Officer
The Kerala Public Service Commission (KPSC) conducts the Food Safety Officer Exam for recruiting eligible candidates for the Food Safety Officer post.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#food-safety#food-technology#dairy-technology#veterinary-science
Syllabus Explorer
Microbiological, Biotechnological and Medical aspects
Sec 1
Adulteration of foods: Health hazardsApplication of enzymes in food industry, production of food flavor and colourBioreactorsControl of spoilage-pre-harvesting and post harvesting food processingEnzyme immobilization and applicationsFermented foods- types, production, organisms involved, advantages and disadvantages, spoilage of fermented foodsFood Borne Diseases: Definition , Classification ( Food borne intoxications & Food borne infections), neurolathyrism, aflatoxins, Ergotism, Epidemic dropsy, Typhoid fever, Salmonellosis, Staphylococcal intoxication, Botulism, Bacillus cereus food poisoning, E.coli diarrhea, Cholera, Shigellosis, Brucellosis, Food poisoning: Types of food poisoning, method of investigation of food poisoning, prevention and control- food sanitation, refrigeration, surveillanceFood handlers: medical examination of food handlers, infections transmitted by food handlers, education of food handlersGenetically modified food and their labellingMicrobiological analysis of food and water- qualitative and quantitative, indicator organisms, coliforms, detection of pathogens, molecular techniques for detection of microbesMicrobiological standards of food and waterMicroscopy, staining and culture techniques, sterilization techniques, culture media, factors influencing microbial growth, growth curve, thermal death time and thermal death points, D-value, Z- valueMolecular detection of food contaminationSanitation of eating places: minimum standards, storage of uncooked foodstuffs, waste disposal, water supply and washing facilitiesSewage treatmentSingle-Cell ProteinsSources of microorganisms in food, perishable, semi perishable and non-perishable foods, intrinsic and extrinsic parameters influencing microbial content of food, Food spoilage-types, causes and indicationsUse of amylase, invertase, protease, pectinase and cellulase in food industriesWater purification for domestic and municipal purposes
Veterinary Sciences
Sec 2
Ageing of meatAnte mortem and post mortem examinationEvaluation, grading and fabrication of dressed carcasses including poultryFood products of genetically modified animals and marine originFraudulent substitution of meat, preservation of meat and aquatic foodsMeat as a source of disease transmissionOrganic meat food productsPackaging of meat and meat productsPhysical, chemical nutritional and functional characteristics of eggPhysico-chemical and microbiological quality of meat and aquatic food and food productsPreservation and storage of eggProcessing of Egg and egg productsScientific slaughtering and dressing of carcassesStandards for organization and layout of abattoirs, handling and transport of meat animals including poultry
Mental Ability and Test of Reasoning
Sec 3
Alphabetical Arrangement of WordsAnalogyAntonymCalculation & LogicClassificationCoding & DecodingCommon Sense TestDate and CalendarEtc.Letter & Number SeriesOdd Man OutSense of DirectionSynonym
Nutritional Biochemistry and Food Analysis
Sec 4
Analytical techniques used in detection of adulteration of food: Principle, procedure and detectors of chromatographic techniques (Column, paper, TLC, HPLC and GC), Spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV, MS and AAS)Biological value of proteins (BV), Protein efficiency ratio (PER), Digestability coefficient, Net protein Utilization, Net Protein Ratio(NPR), Chemical Score, Free Radicals and AntioxidantsChemical composition of food: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, fiber, vitamins, and minerals – characteristics, sources, physiological and biochemical functions, daily requirement, digestion and absorptionEnergy value of foods, Respiratory Quotient (RQ), Determination of Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), Determination of energy metabolism during work, Energy expenditure for various types of activities, Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA), Specific Dynamic Action (SDA) of foods, Balanced diet formulationFood adulteration: common adulteration, contamination and pesticide analysisFood Analysis – moisture content, ash, fat, carbohydrate, crude fibre, crude protein, sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphatesOils and Fats - Iodine value and saponification value
Food Technology
Sec 5
Antinutritional factorsAseptic preservation, hurdle technology, hydrostatic pressure technology, microwave processing, microfiltration, bactofugation, ultra high voltage electric fields, pulse electric fields, high pressure processing, irradiation, thermosonication, ohmic heating, dielectric heating, infrared, induction heating, antibacterial and bacteriocinsClassification, composition, manufacture, packaging, storage and defects of tomato products, other convenience foods from fruits and vegetables, beverages - tea, cocoa and coffee - pickles, chutney, sauces, spices, jam, jelley, marmalade, health drinks, restructured fruits and vegetables, preparation of fruits and vegetables, minimally processed products and Individually Quick Freezed productsEnvironment and waste managementFood additivesFood fortificationFood hygieneFood plant sanitationInstant ready mixesMilling, processing, composition, structure, product development and byproduct utilization of cereals, pulses, millets and oil seedsNutritional labeling of foodPackaging - materials and methodsPrinciples and methods of food preservation - Heat processing, pasteurization, canning, dehydration, freezing, freeze drying, fermentation, microwave, irradiation and chemical preservativesQuality control - systems and toolsTotal quality management, good management practices, HACCP and codex alimentarius commission
Dairy Technology
Sec 6
Composition of milk- Physico - chemical properties of milk- milk hygiene- milk microbiologyDefinition, classification, composition, outline of manufacture, packaging, storage and defects of the following milk products: Cream, Malai, Dahi /Curd, yoghurt, Channa / Paneer, Cheese, Ice cream , Frozen desserts, Evaporated milk, Condensed milk, Milk powder, Butter, Ghee, Chakka and Shrikhand, Indigenous milk productsFoods for infant nutritionMarket milk: collection of milk- cooling and transportation– filtration/clarification- standardization- homogenization - pasteurization- UHT - sterilization- packagingTests for milk quality and detection of adulterants- dairy plant and equipment hygiene and sanitationWhey products, Edible casein products
Constitution and Civil Rights
Sec 7
Constituent Assembly – Preamble - Fundamental Rights – Directive principles – Fundamental Duties – Citizenship – Constitutional Amendments – Panchayath Raj – Constitutional Institutions and their Functions - Emergency- Union List- State List – Concurrent List
Food Safety and Allied Laws
Sec 8
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 : Definitions- Cognizance of offences by Magistrate, S.190 - Complaints to Magistrate, SS. 200 to 203 – Trial of Sessions cases, SS. 225 to 237 – Trial of Warrant Cases, SS.238 to 250- Trial of Summons Cases, SS. 251 to 259 – Summary Trial, SS. 260 to 265- Appeal, SS. 372 to 394 –Bail and Bonds, SS. 436 to 450Indian Evidence Act, 1872: Definitions- Expert Evidence, S.45 – Documentary Evidence, SS. 61 to 78The Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006; Rules and Regulations : Definitions - Authorities and Officers - Constitution, Functions and Powers –General Provisions as to Articles of Food, Ch. IV , SS.19 to 24- Prohibition Orders- Procedure for Investigation and Launching Prosecutions - Analysis of Food – Offences and Penalties – Defences – Adjudication
Agricultural Sciences
Sec 9
Edible mushroomsFruits and vegetables- cleaning and grading, methods of grading, equipment for grading of fruits and vegetablesFumigation, baits, baiting and rat proofingMaturity indices and harvesting of vegetablesPost harvest handling : Physiology of maturity, ripening and senescence in cereals, pulses, fruits and vegetablesPost harvest losses, phases of loss and measures to reduce the lossesRodent management : principles and methods of control; Rodenticides - acute poisons, chronic poisons, fumigantsSize reduction- Principles and equipment for size reductionStorage, grain storage, types of storage structures- traditional, improved and modern storage structuresStored product pests and their management – preventive and curative methods
General English
Sec 10
Active and Passive VoiceAgreement of Subject and VerbComparison of AdjectivesConfusing Adjectives and AdverbsCorrect usage of ArticlesCorrection in SentencesDirect and Indirect SpeechPrepositionsAntonymsGenderIdioms and their meaningsOne word SubstitutesProblem concerning wordsSingular and PluralSynonyms
Medical
100 Marks
General Physiotherapist ||| Physiotherapist
The Kerala Public Service Commission conducts examinations for the recruitment of General Physiotherapists in the Health Services Department and Physiotherapists in Ayurveda Colleges.
120m
9s
#kerala-psc#physiotherapy#medical#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
Module - VII
Sec 1
Abdominal Surgeries - Management of Pulmonary Restorative Dysfunction following Surgical procedures on Abdomen and ThoraxApplied Yoga in Cardio-respiratory conditionsBedside assessment of the patient-Adult & PediatricBurns management - Role of physiotherapy in the management of burns, post grafted cases- Mobilization and Musculo-skeletal restorative exercises following burnsCardiac Rehabilitation.Health Fitness and Promotion: Fitness Evaluation, Analysis of Body composistion, Evaluation and prescription of Exercise, Factors affecting exercise Performance, Exercise Prescription for Specific groups : Elderly, Women and Children.Introduction to ICU : ICU monitoring –Apparatus, Airways and Tubes used in the ICU - Physiotherapy in the ICU – Common conditions in the ICU – Tetanus, Head Injury, Lung Disease, Pulmonary Oedema, Multiple Organ Failure, Neuromuscular Disease, Smoke Inhalation, Poisoning, Aspiration, Near Drowning, ARDS, Shock; Dealing with an Emergency Situation in the ICU.Investigations and tests – Exercise tolerance Testing – Cardiac & Pulmonary, Radiographs, PFT, ABG, ECG, Hematological and Biochemical TestsManagement of Amputations following Diabetes, PVD - Prosthesis in amputations of lower limbs following ulcers and gangrenesManagement of breathlessnessManagement of wound ulcers- Care of ulcers and wounds - Care of surgical scars-U.V.R and other electro therapeutics for healing of wounds, prevention of Hypergranulated Scars Keoloids, Electrotherapeutics measures for relief of pain during mobilization of scars tissues.Neonatal and Pediatric Physiotherapy – Chest physiotherapy for children, The neonatal unit, Modifications of chest physiotherapy for specific neonatal disorders, Emergencies in the neonatal unitPhysiotherapy following Lung surgeriesPhysiotherapy in dermatology -Documentation of assessment, treatment and follow up skin conditions. U.V.R therapy in various skin conditions; Vitiligo; Hair loss; Pigmentation; Infected wounds ulcers. Faradic foot bath for Hyperhydrosis. Massage maneuvers for cosmetic purpose of skin; use of specific oil as medium; Care of anesthetic hand and foot; Evaluation, planning and management of leprosy-prescription, fitting and training with prosthetic and orthotic devicesPhysiotherapy in Geriatrics - Approach to the treatment – Interview, examination, aims of intervention , Role of physiotherapistPhysiotherapy in Obstetrics – Antenatal Care, Antenatal Education, Postnatal Care. Electrotherapy and Exercise Therapy measures for the re-education of Ano-Urethral sphincters.Physiotherapy in Obstructive lung conditionsPhysiotherapy in Restrictive lung conditionsPhysiotherapy intervention in the management of Medical, Surgical and Radiation Oncology Cases.Physiotherapy management following cardiac surgeries.Physiotherapy management following PVDPhysiotherapy techniques to clear secretions – Hydration, Humidification & Nebulisation, Mobilisation and Breathing exercises, Postural Drainage, Manual techniques – Percussion, Vibration and Shaking, Rib Springing, ACBT, Autogenic Drainage, Mechanical Aids – PEP, Flutter, IPPB, Facilitation of Cough and Huff, Nasopharyngeal Suctioning.Physiotherapy techniques to decrease the work of breathing – Measures to optimize the balance between energy supply and demand, positioning, Breathing re-education – Breathing control techniques, mechanical aids – IPPB, CPAP, BiPAPPhysiotherapy techniques to increase lung volume – controlled mobilization, positioning, breathing exercises, Neurophysiological Facilitation of Respiration, Mechanical aids - Incentive Spirometry, CPAP,IPPBPulmonary RehabilitationRespiratory failure – Oxygen Therapy and Mechanical VentilationTreatment, Response to exercise and Implications of Physiotherapy in the following disease conditions: Hypertension, Diabetes, Renal Failure and Obesity.
Module -VI
Sec 2
Active Assisted Exercise: principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and usesAssisted-Resisted Exercise: principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and usesCauses of decreased muscle performanceDefinition of strength, power & work, endurance, muscle actions.Free exercise: Classification, principles, techniques, indications, contraindications, effects and usesPhysiologic adaptation to training: Strength & Power, Endurance.Physiology of muscle performance: structure of skeletal muscle, chemical & mechanical events during contraction &relaxation, muscle fiber type, motor unit, force gradation.Resisted Exercise: Definition, principles, indications, contraindications, precautions & techniques, effects and usesIsokinetic regimensIsometric: BRIME (Brief Resisted Isometric Exercise), Multiple Angle IsometricsIsotonic: de Lormes, Oxford, MacQueen, Circiut weight trainingTypes of active movementsTypes of resisted exercises: Manual and Mechanical resistance exercise, Isometric exercise, Dynamic exercise: Concentric and Eccentric, Dynamic exercise: Constant versus variable resistance, Isokinetic exercise, Open-Chain and Closed-Chain exercise.Definition and key terms; Physiological response to aerobic exercise, Examination and evaluation of aerobic capacity – Exercise Testing, Determinants of an Exercise Program, The Exercise Program, Normal and abnormal response to acute aerobic exercise, Physiological changes that occur with training, Application of Principles of an Aerobic conditioning program for patients – types and phases of aerobic training.Balance retrainingCauses of impaired balance, Examination & evaluation of impaired balance, Activities for treating impaired balance: mode, posture, movement, Precautions & contraindications, TypesComponents of balance (sensory, musculoskeletal, biomechanical)DefinitionPhysiology of balance: contributions of sensory systems, processing sensory information, generating motor outputAnatomy & Physiology of cerebellum with its pathwaysCauses for Inco-ordination, Test for co-ordination: equilibrium test, non equilibrium testDefinitions: Co-ordination, Inco-ordinationFrenkel’s Exercise: uses of Frenkel’s exercise, technique of Frenkel’s exercise, progression, home exercise.Principles of co-ordination exerciseLying to sitting: Activities on the Mat/Bed, Movement and stability at floor level; Sitting activities and gait; Lowerlimb and Upperlimb activities.Definitions, Goals and Indications, Precautions and Contraindications, Properties of water, Use of special equipments, techniques, Effects and uses, merits and demeritsBiomechanical basis for mobilization, Effects of joint mobilsation, Indications and contraindiactions, Grades of mobilization, Principles of mobilization, Techniques of mobilization for upper limb, lower limb, Precautions.Schools of Manual Therapy, Principles, Grades, Indications and Contraindications, Effects and Uses – Maitland, Kaltenborn, MulliganFunctional testsMeasurement of Joint range: ROM-Definition, Normal ROM for all peripheral joints & spine, Goniometer-parts, types, principles, uses., Limitations of goniometry, Techniques for measurement of ROM for all peripheral jointsMeasurement of Limb Length: true limb length, apparent limb length, segmental limb lengthMeasurement of the angle of Pelvic InclinationPulmonary Function testsTests for Co-ordinationAnthropometric Measurements: Muscle girth – biceps, triceps, forearm, quadriceps, calfDynamic power TestElectrical testsEndurance testManual Muscle Testing: Introduction to MMT, Principles & Aims, Indications & Limitations, Techniques of MMT for group & individual muscles : Techniques of MMT for upper limb / Techniques of MMT for lower limb / Techniques of MMT for spineSpeed testStatic power TestTests for sensationCauses of immobility, Classification of Passive movements, Specific definitions related to passive movements, Principles of giving passive movements, Indications, contraindications, effects of uses , Techniques of giving passive movements.Definition, Active and Inactive Postures, Postural Mechanism, Patterns of Posture, Principles of re-education: corrective methods and techniques, Patient education.Basic neurophysiologic principles of PNF: Muscular activity, Diagonals patterns of movement: upper limb, lower limbDefinitions & goalsProcedure: components of PNFEndurance: slow reversals, agonist reversalMobility: Contract relax, Hold relax, Rhythmic initiationSkill: timing for emphasis, resisted progressionStability: Alternating isometric, rhythmic stabilizationStrengthening: Slow reversals, repeated contractions, timing for emphasis, rhythmic stabilizationDefinitions: Muscle Tone, Postural tone, Voluntary Movement, Degrees of relaxation, Pathological tension in muscle, Stress mechanics, types of stresses, Effects of stress on the body mechanism, Indications of relaxation, Methods & techniques of relaxation-Principles & uses: General, Local, Jacobson’s, Mitchel’s, additional methods.Definition of terms related to stretching; Tissue response towards immobilization and elongation, Determinants of stretching exercise, Effects of stretching, Inhibition and relaxation procedures, Precautions and contraindications of stretching, Techniques of stretching.Definition, principles, equipments & accessories, Indications & contraindications, Benefits of suspension therapyTechniques of suspension therapy for lower limbTechniques of suspension therapy for upper limbTypes of suspension therapy: axial, vertical, pendularThe techniques of Exercise Therapy, Approach to patient’s problems, Assessment of patient’s condition – Measurements of Vital parameters, Starting Positions – Fundamental positions & derived Positions, Planning of TreatmentTypes: Crutches, Canes, Frames; Principles and training with walking aids
Module - VIII
Sec 3
Financial issues including budget and income generationHospital administration: Organization, Staffing, Information, Communication, Coordination, Cost of services, Monitoring and evaluation.Introduction: Branches of administration, Nature and scope of administration, How to be an effective administrator, Planning hospital administration as part of a balanced health care program.Hospital waste disposalPharmacyNational health policy and health care system in IndiaOrganization of physiotherapy department: Planning, Space, Manpower, Other basic resources.Organizing meetings, committees, and negotiationsPersonnel management: Personnel performance appraisal system, Quality care delivery from the staffPlanning and organization: Planning cycle, Principles of organizational charts, Resource and quality management, Planning change -innovationPrinciples of hospital administration and its applications to physiotherapy.Public relations in hospital and human resource management.Hospital acquired infectionQuality assurance through record review and medical audit.Confidentiality and Responsibility, Malpractice and negligence, Provision of services and, advertising, Legal aspects: Consumer protection act, Legal responsibility of physiotherapist for their action in professional context and understanding liability and obligations in case of medico-legal actionEthical principles in health care, Ethical principles related to physiotherapy, enforcing standards in health profession-promoting quality care, Professional ethics in patient care delivery, Informed consent issues.Physiotherapy as a professionRelationship with colleagues and peersRelationship with health care institutionsRelationship with medical and other professional.Relationship with patients
Module IV
Sec 4
Amputations: Definition, levels, indications, types, PT assessment, aims, management pre and post operatively. PT management with emphasis on stump care and bandaging. Pre and post prosthetic training, checking out prosthesis, complications of amputations and its management.Ankle and foot: Ankle instability. Ligamentous tears- Post operative management.Applied Yoga in orthopedic conditionsCerebral palsy: Definition, etiology, classification, clinical features, complications, deformities, medical and surgical management and home program with special emphasis on carrying techniques. PT management after surgical corrections.Define, review the postural abnormalities of spinal column, clinical features, deformities, medical and surgical management. Describe PT assessment and management and home program.Deformities: Review in detail the causes, signs and symptoms, radiological features, medical and surgical management. Describe the PT. assessment and management of the following conditions : Congenital : CTEV, CDH, Torticollis, pes planus, pes cavus and other common deformities. Acquired: scoliosis, kyphosis, coxa vara, genu varum, valgum and recurvatum.Degenerative and Inflammatory conditions: Definition, signs and symptoms, clinical features, path physiology, radiological features, deformities, medical, surgical management. Describe the PT assessment and management and home program for the following conditions – Osteoarthritis - emphasis mainly on knee, hip and hand, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing spondylitis, Gout, Perthes disease, Periarthritic shoulder.Effects of spinal traction, types of traction, modes of application, indications for spinal traction, contraindications, precautions, limitations of traction.Elbow and forearm: Excision of radial head - Post operative PT management. Total elbow arthroplasty- Post operative PT management.Fractures - types, classification, signs and symptoms, complications. Fracture healing - factors affecting fracture healing. Principles of fracture management - reduction - open and closed, immobilization - sling, cast, brace, slab, traction - manual, mechanical, skin, skeletal, lumbar and Cervical traction, external fixation, functional cast bracing. PT management in complications - early and late - shock, compartment syndrome, VIC, fat embolism, delayed and mal union, RSD, myositis ossificans, AVN, pressure sores etc. Physiotherapy assessment in fracture cases. Aims of PT management in fracture cases - short and long term goals. Principles of PT management in fractures - Guidelines for fracture treatment during period of immobilization and guidelines for treatment after immobilization period.Hip: Joint surgeries - hemi and total hip replacement - Post operative PT management Tendonitis and bursitis. - management.Infective conditions: Definition, signs and symptoms, clinical features, pathophysiology, radiological features, medical, surgical management. Describe PT assessment and management for following conditions – Osteomyelitis – acute and chronic, Septic arthritis, Pyogenic arthritis, TB spine and major joints - knee and hip.Mobility Aids : The principles involved in prescribing mobility aids, describe the types and the indications for the different types of mobility aids and demonstrate methods of training in their useExplain the principles involved in prescribing prosthesis for upper, lower limb & spinal, describe types and their function & demonstrate methods of training in their use.The principles involved in prescribing orthotic devices for different parts of the body. Outline the purpose of upper, lower and spinal orthotics and list major indications & contra-indications & demonstrate methods of training in their use.Knee: Lateral retinacular release, chondroplasty- Post operative management. Realignment of extensor mechanism. ACL and PCL reconstruction surgeries - Post operative rehabilitation. Meniscectomy and meniscal repair - Post operative management. Plica syndrome, patellar dysfunction and Hoffa's syndrome- conservative management. TKR- rehabilitation protocol. Patellar tendon ruptures and Patellectomy- rehabilitation.Leprosy: Definition, cause, clinical features, medical and surgical management. PT assessment, aims, and management after surgical procedures such as tendon transfer both pre and post operatively.Orthopedic surgeries: Pre and post operative PT assessment, goals, precautions and PT management of following surgeries such as : Arthrodesis, Osteotomy, Arthroplasty-partial and total - Excision arthroplasty, excision arthroplasty with implant, interpositional arthroplasty and total replacement; Tendon transplant, Soft tissue release- tenotomy, myotomy, lengthening; Arthroscopy, Spinal stabilization, Re-attachment of limbs, External fixators, Synovectomy.Osteoporosis- causes, predisposing factors, investigations and treatment.Poliomyelitis: Definition, etiology, types, pathophysiology, clinical features, deformities, medical and surgical management. PT. assessment and management after surgical corrections and reconstructive surgeries - emphasis on tendon transfer and home program.Principles of various schools of thought in manual therapy. (Briefly Maitland and Mc kenzie).PT assessment for Orthopedic conditions - SOAP format. Subjective - history taking, informed consent, personal, past, medical and socioeconomic history, chief complaints, history of present illness. Pain assessment- intensity, character, aggravating and relieving factors, site and location. Objective- on observation - body built swelling, muscle atrophy, deformities, posture and gait. On palpation- tenderness-grades, muscle spasm, swelling-methods of swelling assessment, bony prominences, soft tissue texture and integrity, warmth and vasomotor disturbances. On examination – ROM – active and passive, resisted isometric tests, limb length- apparent, true and segmental , girth measurement, muscle length testing-tightness, contracture and flexibility, manual muscle testing, peripheral neurological examination-dermatomes, myotomes and reflexes, special tests and functional tests. Prescription of home program. Documentation of case records, and follow up.Selection and application of physiotherapeutic techniques, maneuver's, modalities for preventive, curative and rehabilitative means in all conditions.Shoulder joint : Shoulder instabilities, TOS, RSD, Impingement syndrome - conservative and Post operative PT management. Total shoulder replacement and Hemi replacement. - Post operative PT management. AC joint injuries - rehabilitation. Rotator cuff tears- conservative and surgical repair. Subacromial decompression - Post operative PT management.Specific fractures and dislocations : PT assessment and management of upper limb fractures and dislocations. PT assessment and management of lower limb fractures and dislocations including pelvis. PT assessment and management spinal fractures.Spinal conditions: Review the causes, signs and symptoms, investigations, radiological features, neurological signs. PT assessment, aims, and management and home program of the following conditions: Cervical spondylosis, Lumbar spondylosis, Spondylolisthesis, Spinal canal stenosis, Spondylolysis, Sacro-iliac joint dysfunction, Sacralisation, Lumbarisation, Intervertebral disc prolapse, Coccydynia, Spina bifida occulta.Sports Physiotherapy : Physical fitness. Stages of soft tissue healing. Treatment guidelines for soft tissue injuries- Acute, Sub acute and chronic stages. Repair of soft tissues- rupture of muscle, tendon and Ligamentous tears. Soft tissue injuries- prevention and rehabilitation of, Lateral ligament sprain of ankle. Rotator cuff injuries. Collateral and Cruciate injuries of knee. Meniscal injuries of knee. Supraspinatus and Bicipital tendonitis . Pre patellar and Subacromial bursitis. Tennis and Golfer's elbow. Hamstring strains, Quadriceps contusion, TA rupture. Dequervain's tenosynovitis. Trigger and Mallet finger. Plantar fasciitis. Wrist sprains. [5 Hours]Wrist and Hand: Total wrist arthroplasty. Repair of ruptured extensor tendons. Carpal tunnel syndrome. Flexor and extensor tendon lacerations - Post operative PT management.
Module II
Sec 5
Static and dynamic posture, postural control, kinetics and kinematics of posture, ideal posture analysis of posture, effects of posture on age, pregnancy, occupation and recreation; general features of gait, gait initiation, kinematics and kinetics of gait, energy requirements, kinematics and kinetics of the trunk and upper extremities in relation to gait, stair case climbing and running, effects of age, gender, assistive devices, disease, muscle weakness, paralysis, asymmetries of the lower extremities, injuries and malalignments in gait;Movement Analysis : ADL activities like sitting – to standing, lifting, various grips , pinches.Concurrent force systemsDefinition of ForcesDirection of MotionEquilibriumEquilibrium of leversForce componentsForce of frictionForce of GravityLocation of MotionMagnitude of MotionMoment arm of forceObjects in MotionParallel force systemsReaction forcesTypes of MotionWorkThe ankle and foot complex.: structure and function of the ankle joint, subtalar joint, talocalcaneonavicular joint, transverse tarsal joint, tarsometatarsal joints, metatarsophalangeal joints, interphalangeal joints, structure and function of the plantar arches, muscles of the ankle and foot, deviations from normal structure and function – Pes Planus and Pes CavusThe elbow complex: Structure and function of the elbow joint – humeroulnar and humeroradial articulations, superior and inferior radioulnar joints; mobility and stability of the elbow complex; the effects of immobilization and injury.The hip complex: structure and function of the hip joint; hip joint pathology- arthrosis, fracture, bony abnormalities of the femur:The knee complex: structure and function of the knee joint – tibiofemoral joint and patellofemoral joint; effects of injury and disease.The shoulder complex: Structure and components of the shoulder complex and their integrated functionThe wrist and hand complex: Structural components and functions of the wrist complex; structure of the hand complex; prehension; functional position of the the wrist and hand.Changes in normal structure and function I relation to pregnancy, scoliosis and COPDDevelopmental aspects of structure and functionGeneral structure and functionRib cage and the muscles associated with the rib cageVentilatory motions: its coordination and integrationGeneral effects of injury and agingGeneral structure and functionMuscles of the vertebral columnRegional structure and function – Cervical region, thoracic region, lumbar region, sacral regionGeneral effects of disease, injury and immobilization.General properties of connective tissuesHuman joint designJoint designJoint functionJoint motionMaterials used in human jointsEffects of immobilization, injury and agingElements of muscle structureMobility and stability functions of musclesMuscle functionGeneral features, structure , function and dysfunction
Module - V
Sec 6
Applied Yoga in Neurological conditionsAssessment and management of Neurological gaits: Quantitative and Qualitative (Kinetic & Kinematics) analysis, List of Problems, short & Long Term goals, Management of following Neurological Gaits - Hemiplegic gait, Parkinson gait, High step gait, Hyperkinetic gait, Hypokinetic gait, Waddling gait, Scissoring gait, Spastic gait, Choreaform Gait, Diplegic Gait, and Myopathic Gait.Evaluation and Management of Brain and Spinal Cord Disorders : History, Observation, Palpation, Higher mental function, Cranial nerve examination, Motor & Sensory examination, Reflex testing, differential Diagnosis, Balance & Coordination examination, Gait analysis, Functional analysis, List of Problems & Complications, short & Long Term goals, Management of systemic complications, Management of Mechanical Complications, Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Cerebro vascular Accident, Meningitis, Encephalitis, Head Injury, Brain Tumors, Perceptual disorders, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Multiple sclerosis.Evaluation and Management of Cerebellar, Spinal Cord and Muscle Disorders : History, Observation, Palpation, Motor & Sensory examination, Reflex testing, differential Diagnosis, Balance & Coordination examination, Gait analysis, Functional analysis, List of Problems & Complications, short & Long Term goals, Management of systemic complications, Management of Mechanical Complications, Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Ataxia, Sensory Ataxia, Parkinson’s disease, Muscular dystrophy (DMD), Myasthenia Gravis, Eaton-Lambert Syndrome, Spinal tumors, Spinal cord injury, Transverse myelitis, Bladder & Bowel Dysfunction, Spinal muscular atrophies, Poliomyelitis, Post Polio SyndromeEvaluation and Management of Peripheral Nerve Injuries and Disorders : History, Observation, Palpation, Motor & Sensory examination, Reflex testing, differential Diagnosis, Balance & Coordination examination, Gait analysis, Functional analysis, List of Problems & Complications, short & Long Term goals, Management of systemic complications, Management of Mechanical Complications, Use of various Neurophysiological approaches& Modalities in Hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Brachial plexus palsy, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Lumbosacral plexus lesions, Phrenic & intercostals nerve lesions, Median nerve palsy, Ulnar nerve palsy, Radial nerve palsy, Musculocutaneous nerve palsy, Anterior & Posterior interosseous nerve palsy, Axillary nerve palsy, Long thoracic nerve palsy, Suprascapular nerve palsy, sciatic nerve palsy, Tibial nerve palsy, Common peroneal nerve palsy, Femoral nerve palsy, Obturator nerve palsy, and Pudental nerve palsy.Neuro physiological Techniques – Concepts, Principles, Techniques, Effects of following Neurophysiological techniques: NDT, PNF, Vojta therapy, Rood’s Sensory motor Approach, Sensory Integration Approach, Brunnstorm movement therapy, Motor relearning program, Contemporary task oriented approach, Muscle re-education approach and Constraint induced movement therapy.Neurological Assessment: Required materials for examination, Chief complaints, History taking – Present, Past, medical, familial, personal histories, Observation, Palpation, Higher mental function – Consciousness, Orientation, Wakefulness, memory, Speech, Reading, Language, Writing, Calculations, Perception, Left right confusion, Reasoning, and Judgment, Motor Examination – Muscle power, Muscle tone, Spasticity, Flaccidity, Reflexes – Developmental reflexes, deep tendon reflexes, Superficial reflexes, Sensory examination – Superficial, Deep and Cortical sensations, Special tests – Romberg’s, Kernig’s sign, Brudenzki sign, Tinels’s sign, Slum test, Lehermitte’s sign, Bells Phenomenon, Gower’s sign, Sun set sign, Battle’s sign, Glabellar tap sign, etc, Balance examination, coordination examination, Gait analysis – Kinetics & Kinematics (Quantitative & Qualitative analysis), Functional Analysis, Assessment tools & Scales – Modified Ashworth scale, Berg balance scale, FIM, Barthel index, Glasgow coma scale, Mini mental state examination, Rancho Los Amigos Scale for Head injury, APGAR score, ASIA scale, Reflex Grading. Differential diagnosis.Paediatric Neurology: Paediatric Examination, Developmental milestones, developmental reflexes, Neuro developmental screening tests. Evaluation & Management - History, Observation, Palpation, Milestone Examination, developmental reflex Examination, Higher mental function, Cranial nerve examination, Motor & Sensory examination, Reflex testing, differential Diagnosis, Balance & Coordination examination, Gait analysis, Functional analysis, List of Problems & Complications, short & Long Term goals, Management of systemic complications, Management of Mechanical Complications, Use of various Neurophysiological approaches & Modalities in Risk babies, Minimum brain damage, Developmental disorders, Cerebral palsy, Autism, Down’s Syndrome, Hydrocephalus, Chorea, Spina bifida, and syringomyelia.Pre and Post surgical assessment and treatment following conditions - Spinal disc herniation, Spinal stenosis, Spinal cord trauma, Head trauma, Brain tumors, Tumors of the spine, Spinal cord and peripheral nerves, Cerebral aneurysms, Subarachnoid hemorrhages, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Chorea, Hemiballism, Psychiatric disorders, Malformations of the nervous system, Carotid artery stenosis , Arteriovenous malformations, and Spina bifida.
Module I (b)
Sec 7
Blood Transfusion: Cross matching. Indications and complications.Hemostatic mechanisms: Blood coagulation–factors, mechanisms. Their disorders. Anticoagulants.Introduction: Composition and functions of blood.Lymph: Composition, formation, circulation and functions.Plasma: Composition, formation, functions. Plasma proteins.Platelets: Morphology, functions, count, its variationsRBC: count and its variations. Erythropoiesis- stages, factors regulating. Reticulo-endothelial system (in brief) Haemoglobin - Anemia (in detail), types of Jaundice. Blood indices, PCV, ESR.WBC: Classification. Morphology, functions, count, its variation of each. ImmunityArterial Blood Pressure: Definition. Normal values and its variations. Determinants. Peripheral resistance. Regulation of BP.Arterial pulse.Cardiac Output: Definition. Normal value. Determinants. Stroke volume and its regulation. Heart rate and its regulation. Their variationsCardiovascular changes during exercise.Conducting system: Components. Impulse conduction Cardiac Cycle: Definition. Phases of cardiac cycle. Pressure and volume curves. Heart sounds – causes, character. ECG: Definition. Different types of leads. Waves and their causes. P-R interval. Heart block.Physiological anatomy and nerve supply of the heart and blood vessels. Organisation of CVS. Cardiac muscles: Structure. Ionic basis of action potential and pacemaker potential. Properties.Regional Circulation: Coronary, Cerebral and Cutaneous circulation.Shock – Definition. Classification–causes and featuresIntestine: Succus entericus: Composition, function and regulation of secretion. Intestinal motility and its function and regulation.Liver: Functions of liver. Bile secretion: Composition, functions and regulation. Gall bladder: Functions.Mechanism of Defaecation.Pancreatic Secretion: Composition, production, function. Regulation.Physiological anatomy and nerve supply of alimentary canal. Enteric nervous systemSalivary Secretion: Saliva: Composition. Functions. Regulation. Mastication (in brief)Stomach: Functions. Gastric juice: Gland, composition, function, regulation. Gastrin: Production, function and regulation. Peptic ulcer. Gastric motility. Gastric emptying. Vomiting.Swallowing: Definition. Different stages. Functions.Adrenal Gland: Adrenal Cortex: Secretory cells, synthesis, action, regulation of secretion of Aldosterone, Cortisol, Androgens. Disorders: Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, Conn’s syndrome, Adrenogenital syndrome.Adrenal Medulla: Secretory cells, action, regulation of secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Disorders: Phoechromocytoma.Calcitrol, Thymus and Pineal gland (very brief).Endocrine Pancreas:Secretory cells, action, regulation of secretion of insulin and glucagon. Glucose metabolism and its regulation. Disorder: Diabetes mellitus.Local Hormones.(briefly).Major endocrine glands. Hormone: classification, mechanism of action. Functions of hormonesParathyroid hormnes: secretory cell, action, regulation of secretion. Disorders: Hypoparathyroidism. Hyperthyroidism.Calcium metabolism and its regulation.Pituitary Gland: Anterior Pituitary and Posterior Pituitary hormones: Secretory cells, action on target cells, regulation of secretion of each hormone. Disorders: Gigantism, Acromegaly, Dwarfism, Diabetes insipidus. Physiology of growth and development: hormonal and other influences.Pituitary-Hypothalamic Relationship.Thyroid Gland:Thyroid hormone and calcitonin: secretory cells, synthesis, storage, action and regulation of secretion. Disorders: Myxoedema, Cretinism, Grave’s disease.Artificial ventilation.CPR.Examination of Vital SignsFirst Aid in Burns.First Aid in cardiac arrest.First Aid in Drowning.First Aid in Electric shock.First Aid in Hypovolemic Shock.First Aid in Respiratory failure.First Aid in RTA.First Aid in Spinal cord injuries.Instrumentation used in First Aid (First Aid kit).Body fluids: Distribution, composition. Tissue fluid – formation.Cell: Morphology. Organelles: their structure and functionsTransport Mechanisms across the cell membraneMuscle: Classification. Skeletal muscle: Structure. Neuromuscular junction : Structure. Neuromuscular transmission, myasthenia gravis. Excitation- Contraction coupling. Rigor mortis. Motor unit. Properties of skeletal muscles, Strength- Duration curve, Length-tension relationship, fatigue, load.Nerve: Structure and functions of neurons. Classification, Properties and impulse transmission of nerve fibres. Nerve injury – degeneration and regeneration.Neuroglia: Types and functions.Resting membrane potential. Action potential – ionic basis and properties.Smooth muscle: Structure, types, mechanism of contraction. Plasticity.ANS: Features and actions of parasymapathetic and sympathetic nervous system.Basal Ganglia: Structures included and functions. Parkinson’s disease.Cerebellum: Functions. Cerebellar ataxia.Cerebral Cortex: Lobes. Brodmann’s areas and their functions. Higher functions of cerebral cortex – learning, memory and speech.CSF: Formation, composition, circulation and functions. Lumbar puncture and its significance. Blood brain barrier. Hydrocephalus.EEG : Waves and features. Sleep: REM and NREM sleep.Motor Mechanism: Motor Cortex. Motor pathway: The descending tracts – pyramidal tracts, extrapyramidal tracts – origin, course, termination and functions. Upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron. Paralysis, monoplegia, paraplegia, hemiplegia and quadriplegia.Organisation of CNS – central and peripheral nervous system. Functions of nervous system. Synapse: Functional anatomy, classification, Synaptic transmission. Properties.Posture and Equilibrium: Postural reflexes – spinal, medullary, midbrain and cerebral reflexes.Reflex Action: components, Bell-Magendie law, classification and Properties. Monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes, superficial reflexes, deep reflexes.Stretch reflex– structure of muscle spindle, pathway, higher control and functions. Inverse stretch reflex. Muscle tone – definition, and properties hypotonia, atonia and hypertonia. UMNL and LMNLReticular Formation and Limbic System: Components and Functions.Sensory Mechanism: Sensory receptors: function, classification and properties. Sensory pathway: The ascending tracts – Posterior column tracts, lateral spinothalamic tract and the anterior spinothalamic tract – their origin, course, termination and functions. The trigeminal pathway. Sensory cortex. Somatic sensations: crude touch, fine touch, tactile localization, tactile discrimination, stereognosis, vibration sense, kinesthetic sensations. Pain sensation: mechanism of pain. Cutaneous pain –slow and fast pain, hyperalgesia. Deep pain. Visceral pain – referred pain. Gate control theory of pain. tabes dorsalis, sensory ataxia.Spinal cord Lesions: Complete transection and Hemisection of the spinal cord.Thalamus and Hypothalamus: Nuclei. Functions. Thalamic syndromeEffect of gravity / altitude /acceleration / pressure on physical parametersB.M.R./R.Q.Body fluids and electrolyteCardiovascular systemHormonal and metabolic effectMuscle strength/power/enduranceO2 transportRespiratory systemPhysiology of AgeAcid-Base balance (very brief)Artificial Kidney: Principle of haemodialysis.Mechanism of concentrating and diluting the Urine: Counter-current mechanism. Regulation of water excretion. Diuresis. Diuretics.Mechanism of Urine Formation:Glomerular Filtration: Mechanism of glomerular filtration. GFR – normal value and factors affecting. Renal clearance. Inulin clearance. Creatinine clearance.Micturition: Mechanism of micturition. Cystometrogram. Atonic bladder, automatic bladder.Physiological anatomy. Nephrons – cortical and juxtamedullary. Juxta-glomerular apparatus. Glomerular membrane. Renal blood flow and its regulation. Functions of kidneys.Skin and temperature regulation.Tubular Reabsorption: Reabsorption of Na+, glucose, HCO3-, urea and water. Filtered load. Renal tubular transport maximum. Glucose clearance: TmG. Renal threshold for glucose.Tubular Secretion: Secretion of H+ and K+. PAH clearance.Female Reproductive System: Functions of ovaries and uterus. Pubertal changes in females. Oogenesis. Hormones:oestrogen and progesterone-action. regulation of secretion. Mentrual Cycle: Phases. Ovarian cycle. Uterine cycle. Hormonal basis. Menarche. Menopause. Pregnancy: Pregnancy tests. Physiological changes during pregnancy. Functions of placenta. Lactation. Contraception methodsMale Reproductive System: Functions of testes. Pubertal changes in males. Spermatogenesis. Testosterone: action. Regulation of secretion. Semen.Physiological anatomy reproductive organs. Sex determination. Sex differentiation. DisorderArtificial respirationDead Space: Types and their definition.Disorders of Respiration: Dyspnoea. Orthopnoea. Hyperpnoea, hyperventilation, apnoea, tachypnoea. periodic breathing – typesHypoxia: Effects of hypoxia. Types of hypoxia. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Acclimatization Hypercapnoea. Asphyxia. Cyanosis – types and features. DysbarismMechanics of breathing: Intrapleural and Intrapulmonary pressure changes during respiration. Chest expansion. Lung compliance: Normal value, pressure-volume curve, factors affecting compliance and its variations. Surfactant – Composition, production, functions. RDSPhysiological anatomy – Pleura, tracheo-bronchial tree, alveolus, respiratory membrane and their nerve supply. Functions of respiratory system. Respiratory muscles.Pulmonary Circulation. Ventilation-perfusion ratio and its importance.Regulation of Respirtation: Neural Regulation. Hering-breuer’s reflex. Voluntary control. Chemical Regulation.Respiratory changes during exercise.Spirometry: Lung volumes and capacities. Timed vital capacity and its clinical significance. Maximum ventilation volume. Respiratory minute volume.Transport of respiratory gases: Diffusion across the respiratory membrane. Oxygen transport – Different forms, oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve. Factors affecting it. P50, Haldane and Bohr effect. Carbon dioxide transport: Different forms, chloride shift.Audition: Physiological anatomy of the ear. Functions of external ear, middle ear and inner ear. Structure of Cochlea and organ of corti. Auditory pathway. Types of Deafness. Tests for hearing. Audiometry.Refractive Errors: myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia and astigmatism.Smell: Olfactory membrane. Olfactory pathway.Taste: Taste buds. Primary tastes. Gustatory pathway.Vestibular Apparatus: Crista ampullaris and macula. Funcions. DisordersVision: Functional anatomy of eye ball. Functions of cornea, iris, pupil, aqueous humor – glaucoma, lens – cataract, vitreous humor, rods and cones. Photopic vision. Scotopic vision.Visual Pathway and the effects of lesions.Visual Reflexes: Accommodation, Pupillary and Light. Visual acuity and Visual field. Light adaptation. Dark adaptation.Color vision – color blindness. Nyctalopia.
Module - III
Sec 8
Bio-feed back.EMG: Construction of EMG equipment.FG TestNerve conduction velocity studiesSD Curve: Methods of Plotting SD Curve, Apparatus selection, Characters of Normally innervated Muscle, Characters of Partially Denervated Muscle, Characters of Completely denervated Muscle, Chronaxie & Rheobase.Alternating CurrentDirect Current: types, physiological &therapeutic effects.Cathodal / Anodal galvanism.Faradic Current: Definition, Modifications, Techniques of Application of Individual, Muscle and Group Muscle stimulation, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Faradic Current, Precautions, Indications & Contra-Indications, Dangers.Galvanic Current: Definition, Modifications, Physiological & Therapeutic effects of Galvanic Current, Indications & Contra-Indications, Dangers, Effect of interrupted galvanic current on normally innervated and denervated muscles and partially denervated muscles.HVPGS – Parameters & its usesIonization / Iontophoresis : Techniques of Application of Iontophoresis, Indications, Selection of Current, Commonly used Ions (Drugs) for pain, hyperhydrosis, would healing.Micro Current & Macro CurrentNerve Muscle Physiology: Action Potential, Resting membrane potential, Propagation of Action Potential, Motor unit, synapse, Accommodation, Stimulation of Healthy Muscle, Stimulation of Denervated Muscle, Stimulation for Tissue Repair.Pain: Define Pain, Theories of Pain (Outline only), Pain Gate Control theory in detail.Principles of Application: Electrode tissue interface, Tissue Impedance, Types of Electrode, Size & Placement of Electrode – Waterbath, Unipolar, Bi-polar, Electrode coupling, Current flow in tissues, Lowering of Skin Resistance.Sinusoidal Current & Diadynamic Current in Brief.TENS: Define TENS, Types of TENS, Conventional TENS, Acupuncture TENS, Burst TENS, Brief & Intense TENS, Modulated TENS. Types of Electrodes & Placement of Electrodes, Dosage parameters, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications.Diadynamic Current.Sinusoidal CurrentFaradic CurrentGalvanic CurrentComponents and working PrinciplesNeuro muscular diagnostic stimulator- construction component.NMES- Construction component.Interferential Therapy: Define IFT, Principle of Production of IFT, Static Interference System, Dynamic Interference system, Dosage Parameters for IFT, Electrode placement in IFT, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications.Rebox type CurrentRussian CurrentContrast Bath: Methods of application, Therapeutic uses, Indications & Contraindications.Cryotherapy: Define- Cryotherapy, Principle- Latent heat of fusion, Physiological & Therapeutics effects, Techniques of Applications, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers, Methods of application with dosages.Moist Heat Therapy: Hydro collator packs – in brief, Methods of applications, Therapeutic uses, Indications & ContraindicationsWax Therapy: Principle of Wax Therapy application – latent Heat, Composition of Wax Bath Therapy unit, Methods of application of Wax, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindication, Dangers.Whirl Pool Bath: Construction, Method of Application, Therapeutic Uses, Indications & Contraindications.Electro Magnetic Spectrum.IRR: Define IRR,wavelength & parameters, Types of IR generators, Production of IR, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Duration & frequency of treatment, Indication & Contraindication.LASER: Define LASER. Types of LASER. Principles of Production. Production of LASER by various methods. Methods of application of LASER. Dosage of LASER. Physiological & Therapeutic effects of LASER. Safety precautions of LASER. Classifications of LASER. Energy density & power densityMicro Wave Diathermy: Define Microwave, Wave length & Frequency, Production of MW, Applicators, Dosage Parameters, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of MWD.Pulsed Electro Magnetic Energy: Principles, Production & Parameters of PEME, Uses of PEME.SWD: Define short wave, Frequency & Wavelength of SWD, Principle of Production of SWD, Circuit diagram & Production of SWD, Methods of Heat Production by SWD treatment, Types of SWD Electrode, Placement & Spacing of Electrodes, Tuning, Testing of SWD Apparatus, Physiological & Therapeutic effects, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers, Dosage parametersUltrasound: Define Ultrasound, Frequency, Piezo Electric effects: Direct, Reverse, Production of US, Treatment Dosage parameters: Continous & Pulsed mode, Intensity, US Fields: Near field, Far field, Half value distance, Attenuation, Coupling Media, Thermal effects, Non-thermal effects, Principles & Application of US: Direct contact, Water bag, Water bath, Solid sterile gel pack method for wound. Uses of US, Indications & Contraindications, Dangers of Ultrasound.Phonophoresis: Define Phonophoresis, Methods of application, Commonly used drugs, Uses. Dosages of US.UVR: Define UVR, Types of UVR, UVR generators: High pressure mercury vapour lamp, Water cooled mercury vapour lamp, Kromayer lamp, Fluorescent tube, Theraktin tunnel, PUVA apparatus. Physiological & Therapeutic effects. Sensitizers & Filters. Test dosage calculation. Calculation of E1, E2, E3, E4 doses. Indications, contraindications. Dangers. Dosages for different therapeutic effects, Distance in UVR lamp
Module I (a)
Sec 9
Development of bones, axial and appendicular skeleton and musclesDevelopment of brain and brain stem structuresDevelopment of skin, Fascia, blood vessels, lymphaticNeural tube, brain vessels and spinal cordOvum, Spermatozoa, fertilization and formation of the Germ layers and their derivations.BoneCartilageCellCirculatory system – large sized artery, medium sized artery, large sized vein, lymphoid tissueConnective TissueEpitheliumGeneral Histology, study of the basic tissues of the bodyMicroscopeMuscular tissueNerve Tissue – TS & LSSkin and its appendagesAnatomical positions of body, axes, planes, common anatomical terminologies (Groove, tuberosity, trochanters etc)Bones- Composition & functions, classification and types according to morphology and development.Connective tissue classification.Gross anatomy of eyeball, nose, ears and tongue.Osteology : Mandible and bones of the skull.Soft parts : Muscles of the face and neck and their nerve and blood supply-extra ocular muscles, triangles of the neck,Joints-definition-classification, structure of fibrous, cartilaginous joints, blood supply and nerve supply of joints.Joints: Hip Joint, Knee joint, Ankle joint, joints of the foot.Osteology : Hip bone, femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metartarsals and phalanges.Soft parts: Gluteal region, front and back of the thigh (Femoral triangle, femoral canal and inguinal canal), medial side of the thigh (Adductor canal), lateral side of the thigh, popliteal fossa, anterior and posterior compartment of leg, sole of the foot, lymphatic drainage of lower limb, venous drainage of the lower limb, arterial supply of the lower limb, arches of foot, skin of foot.Muscles – origin, insertion, nerve supply and actionsOsteology: Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae and ribsPelvic girdle and muscles of the pelvic floorSoft tissue: Pre and Para vertebral muscles, intercostals muscles, anterior abdominal wall muscles, Inter-vertebral disc.Arches of hand, skin of the palm and dorsum of hand.Joints : Shoulder girdle, shoulder joint, elbow joints, radio ulnar joint, wrist joint and joints of the hand.Osteology : Clavicles, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges.Soft parts: Breast, pectoral region, axilla, front of arm, back of arm, cubital fossa, front of fore arm, back of fore arm, palm, dorsum of hand, muscles, nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic drainage of upper extremity.Anatomical integrationBasal GangliaBlood supply to brainBrain StemCerebellumCerebral hemisphereCorpus striatumHypothalamusInferior colliculiLateral ventriclesPons, medulla, extra pyramidal systemsSpinal segments and areasSuperior ColliculiThalamusThe pyramidal systemCranial nervesOrganization of Central Nervous system - Spinal nerves and autonomic nervous system mainly pertaining to cardiovascular, respiratory and urogenital systemNeuromuscular junctionPeripheral nerveSensory end organsLarge blood vessels of the gutLocation, size, shape, features, blood supply, nerve supply and functions of the following: stomach, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, urinary bladder, intestines, gall bladder.Peritoneum: Parietal peritoneum, visceral peritoneum, folds of peritoneum, functions of peritoneum.Position, shape, size, features, blood supply and nerve supply of the male and female reproductive system.Mediastinum: Divisions and contentsPericardium: Thoracic Wall: position, shape and parts of the heart; conducting System; blood Supply and nerve supply of the heart; names of the blood vessels and their distribution in the body – region wise.Diaphragm: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action, openings in the diaphragm.Intercostal muscles and Accessory muscles of respiration: Origin, insertion, nerve supply and action.Outline of respiratory passagesPleura and lungs: position, parts, relations, blood supply and nerve supply; Lungs – emphasize on broncho-pulmonary segments
Police
100 Marks
Civil Police Officer (APB) ||| Women Police Constable (Women Police Battalion) ||| Armed Police Sub Inspector ||| Assistant Sub Inspector
The Kerala PSC Civil Police Officer and other related posts recruitment is a competitive examination conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission to select candidates for various police roles. The exam assesses general knowledge, reasoning, language skills, and job-specific legal topics.
90m
5s
#kerala-psc#police#law#crime#government-exam
Syllabus Explorer
GENERAL ENGLISH
Sec 1
English GrammarActive and Passive voiceAgreement of Subject and Verb.Articles - The Definite and The Indefinite Articles.Correction of SentencesDifferent Parts of Speech.Direct and Indirect SpeechInfinitive and GerundsPrepositionsTag QuestionsTensesTenses in Conditional SentencesThe Use of CorrelativesTypes of Sentences and Interchange of Sentences.Uses of Primary and Modal Auxiliary VerbsVocabularyAntonymsCompound wordsForeign Words and PhrasesIdioms and their MeaningsOne Word SubstitutesPhrasal VerbsSingular & Plural, Change of Gender, Collective NounsSpelling TestSynonymsWord formation from other words and use of prefix or suffixWords often confused
Special Topics (തസ്തികേകേളുൊട േജൊലി സവഭൊവവുമയി ബന്ധപ്പൊപ്പെട്ട വിഷയങ്ങള്)
Sec 2
I.The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985Chapter I Short title, extent and commencementChapter IV offences and PenaltiesSec 25- Punishment for allowing premises etc. to be used for commission of an offenceSec 27- Punishment for consumption of Narcotic drug or psychotropic substancesSec 28- Punishment for attempt to commit offencesSec 31 A- Death penalty for certain offences after previous convictionSec 37. Offences to be cognizable and non-bailableChapter VA Forfeiture of illegally acquired propertySec 68 F Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired propertyIndian Evidence Act 1872Sec 1- Short title, extent and commencement.Sec 27 – How much of information received from accused may be proved.Sec 32 – Case in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc is relevant.Sec 45 - Opinion of Experts.Indian Penal Code, 1860General Exceptions in IPC269 – negligent act likely to spread infection of diseases dangerous to life270- Malignant act likely to spread infection of diseases dangerous to life277- fouling water of public spring or reservoirIPC Section 81. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harmIPC Section 82. Act of a child under seven years of ageIPC Section 83. Act of a child above seven and under twelve of immature understandingIPC Section 84. Act of a person of unsound mindIPC Section 85. Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his willIPC Section 88. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit.IPC Section 89. Act done in good faith for benefit of child or insane person, by or by consent of guardianIPC Section 92. Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consentSec 268- public nuisanceIPC offencesOFFENCE AGAINST WOMEN354ASexual harassment and Punishment for sexual harassment354Assault or criminal force to women with intent to outrage her modesty.354BAssault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe354CVoyeurism354DStalking498AHusband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty509Word gesture of act intended to insult the modesty of a womenOFFENCES AGAINST BODY299Culpable homicide300Murder301Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person who death was intended302Punishment for murder303Punishment for murder by life-convict304ACausing death by negligence304BDowry death304Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder.312Causing of miscarriage313Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent314Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage319Hurt320Grievous hurt321Voluntarily causing hurt322Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt323Punishment for Voluntarily causing hurt (Non- cognizable)324Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means325Punishment for Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt326AVoluntarily causing Grievous hurt by use of acid326BVoluntarily throwing or attempting to throw acid326Punishment for Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means336Act endangering life or personal safety of others337Causing hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others338Causing grievous hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others339Wrongful restraint340Wrongful confinement341Punishment for Wrongful restraint342Punishment for Wrongful confinement359Kidnapping360Kidnapping from India361Kidnapping from lawful guardianship362Abduction363Punishment for kidnapping370AExploitation of a trafficked person370Trafficking of person375Rape376ABPunishment for rape on woman under twelve year of age376APunishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim376BSexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation376CSexual intercourse by person in authority376DAPunishment for gang rape on woman under sixteen years of age376DBPunishment for gang rape on woman under twelve years of age376DGang rape376EPunishment for repeat offenders376Punishment for RapeOFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTYCriminal breach of trust by carrier, etc.Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant.Criminal breach of trust by public, servant. or by banker, merchant or agent. Of the Receiving of Stolen PropertyCriminal breach of trust.Dishonestly receiving stolen property.Of Criminal Misappropriation of PropertyDishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death. Of Criminal Breach of TrustDishonest misappropriation of property.Of ExtortionExtortion by putting a person in fear of death on grievous hurt.Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life, etc.Extortion.Punishment for extortion.Putting person in fear of accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion.Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt, in order to commit extortion.Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit extortion.Of Robbery and DacoityAttempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon.Attempt to commit robbery.Dacoity with murder.Dacoity.Making preparation to commit dacoity.Punishment for dacoity.Punishment for robbery.Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt.Robbery. When theft is robbery. When extortion is robbery.Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery.Punishment for criminal breach of trust.Stolen property.TheftPunishment for theft.Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to the committing of the theft.Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master.Theft in dwelling house, etc.Theft.KERALA POLICE ACT 2011SectionsAction on the occasion of fire, disaster or accident.Behaviour of Police Officers.Citizens have the right to efficient police service.Community Policing.Entry in private places.General duties of police.Kerala Police.Lawful directions of Police to be complied withPenalty for causing grave violation of public order or dangerPenalty for causing nuisance and violation of public orderPenalty for interfering in the functions of the police.Police and public may keep audio or video or electronic records.Police to attempt to locate missing persons.Police to interfere for preventing Offence.Police to keep information confidential.Police to regulate and control traffic.Punishment for atrocities against womenRegulating nuisance caused by noise.Right of the Public at police StationsShort title, extent and commencementSpecial Police Officers.Special wings, Units, Branches Squads.The functions of the police.THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. 1973Arrest.Section 151 Arrest to prevent commission of cognizable offencesSection 167 Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in 24 hours.Section 41 A Notice of appearance before Police Officer.Section 41 B Procedure of arrest and duties of officer making arrest.Section 41 D Right of arrested person to meet an advocate of his choice during interrogation.Section 41 When Police may arrest without warrant.Section 43 Arrest by private person and procedure on such arrest.Section 44 Arrest by Magistrate.Section 46 Arrest how madeSection 50 Person arrested to be informed of grounds of arrest and of right to bail.Section 51 Search of arrested person.Section 53 Examination of accused by medical practitioner at the request of Police.Section 54 Examination of arrested person by medical officer.Section 57 Person arrested not to be detained more than 24 hours.DefinitionsSection1 Short, title, extent and commencement.Section2(a) Bailable offenceSection2(c) Cognizable offenceSection2(h) InvestigationSection2(l) Non-Cognizable offence.Section2(n) Offence.Section2(w) Summons caseSection2(x) Warrant CaseSection4Trial of offences under the Indian Penal Code and other laws.Information to the Police and their powers to investigate.Section 154Information in Cognizable Offences.Section 155 Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases.Section 156 Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable cases.Section 157 Procedure for investigation.Section 160 Police officers power to require attendance of witnesses.Section 161 Examination of witnesses by Police.Section 164 Recording of confession and statements.Section 174 Police to enquire and report on suicide etc.Section 177Ordinary place of inquiry and trialSection 178Place of inquiry or trialSection 179Offences trial where act is done or consequence ensuresSection 180Place of trial where act is an offence by reason of relation to other offences.Section 181Place of trial in case of certain offencesSection 183 Offences committed on journey or voyageSummons and Warrant .Section 62 Summons how served.Section 64 Service when persons summoned cannot be found.Section 66 Service on government servant.Section 72 Warrant to whom directed.Section 74 Warrant directed to Police Officer.Section 77 Where warrant may be executed.THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT.2000Section 43 Penalty and Compensation for damage to computer, computer system, etc.Section 43A Compensation for failure to protect data.Section 65 Tampering with computer source documents.Section 66 Computer related offencesSection 66B Punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device.Section 66C Punishment for identity theft.Section 66D Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resources.Section 66E Punishment for violation of privacy.Section 66F Punishment for cyber terrorism.Section 67 Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form.Section 67A Punishment for publishing or transmitting material containing sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 67B Punishment for publishing or transmitting material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 72 Penalty for breach of confidentiality and privacy.Section 77B Offences with 3 years imprisonment to be bailable.THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN FROM SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT,2012Section 11 Sexual harassmentSection 12 Punishment for sexual harassment.Section 16 Abetment of an offence.Section 1short, title, extend and commencementSection 22 Punishment for false complaint or false information.Section 23 Procedure for media.Section 3Penetrative Sexual AssaultSection 4 Punishment for Penetrative Sexual AssaultSection 7 Sexual assaultSection 8 Punishment for sexual assault.THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT ,2005Section 11 Third party information.Section 2(f) InformationSection 8 Exemption from disclosure of informationSection 9 Grounds for rejection to access in certain cases.
ൊപൊതുവിജ്ഞൊനം
Sec 3
ഇന്ത്യന് ഭരണഘടനഭരണഘടന നിർമാണ സമിതി, ആമഖം, പൗരതവം- മൗലികാവകാശങള- നിർേദശക തതവങള- മൗലിക കടമകള, ഗവണെമനിെന ഘടകങള, പധാനെപട ഭരണ ഘടനാ േഭദഗതികള(42, 44, 52, 73, 74, 86, 91), പഞായതീരാജ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങളം അവയെട ചമതലകളം- യണിയനലിസ്- േസറ് ലിസ്- കണകറന് ലിസ്.കേല, കേൊയികേം, സൊഹിതയം, സംസ്ക്കൊരംകലപശസമായ സലങളപശസമായ സാപനങളപശസരായ എഴുത്തുകാർപശസരായ കലാകാരനമാർപശസരായ വയക്തികളേകരളതിെല പധാന ദൃശയ-ശാവയകലകള ഇവയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വയാപനം, പരിശീലനം എനിവെകാണ്കായികം1.കായികരംഗത് വയക്തിമദപതിപിച്ച േകരളതിേലയം ഇനയയിേലയം േലാകതിേലയം പധാന കായികതാരങള, അവരെട കായിക ഇനങള, അവരെട േനടങള, അവർക് ലഭിച്ചിട്ടുള ബഹുമതികള.10.ഓരേരാ രാജയതിേനയം േദശീയ കായിക ഇനങള / വിേനാദങള3.പധാന േട്രാഫികള - ബനെപട മതരങള/ കായിക ഇനങള.4.പധാന കായിക ഇനങള - പെങടുകന കളികാരെട എണം.5.കളികളമായി ബനെപട പധാന പദങള6.ഒളിമിക്സ്7.ഏഷയന ഗയിംസ്, ആേഫാ ഏഷയന ഗയിംസ്, േകാമണെവലത് ഗയിംസ്, സാഫ് ഗയിംസ്ഇതര വസ്തുതകളഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനംരാജയങളേവദികള8.േദശീയ ഗയിംസ്9.ഗയിംസ് ഇനങള - മതരങള - താരങള, േനടങളഅടിസാന വിവരങളഒളിമിക്സില ഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനങളപധാന േവദികള/ രാജയങളപശസമായ വിജയങള / കായിക താരങളപാര ഒളിമിക്സ്വിനർ ഒളിമിക്സ്പധാന അവാർഡുകള - അവാർഡ് േജതാകള - ഓരേരാ അവാർഡും ഏതേമഖലയിെല പകടനതിനാണ് നല്കുനത് എന അറിവ്.സംസ്ക്കാരം1)േകരളതിെല പധാന ആേഘാഷങള, ആേഘാഷങളുമായി ബനെപട സലങള പശസമായ ഉതവങള.2)േകരളതിെല സാംസ്കാരിക േകന്ദ്രങള, ആരാധനാലയങള, സാംസ്കാരിക നായകർ, അവരെട സംഭാവനകളസാഹിതയം1.മലയാളതിെല പധാന സാഹിതയ പസാനങള - ആദയകതികള, കർതാകള3.എഴുത്തുകാർ - തൂലികാനാമങള, അപരനാമങള4.കഥാപാതങള - കതികള5.പശസമായ വരികള - കതികള - എഴുത്തുകാർ6.മലയാള പതപവർതനതിെന ആരംഭം, തടകം കറിച്ചവർ, ആനകാലികങള7.പധാനെപട അവാർഡുകള / ബഹുമതികള - അവാർഡിനർഹരായ എഴുത്തുകാർ - കതികള8.ജാനപീഠം േനടിയ മലയാളികള - അനബന വസ്തുതകള9.മലയാള സിനിമയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വളർച്ച, നാഴികകല്ലുകള, പധാന സംഭാവനനല്കിയവർ, മലയാള സിനിമയം േദശീയ അവാർഡും.ഓരേരാ പസാനതിേലയം പധാനകതികള അവയെട കർതാകളചരിത്രംഇനയ: രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ബിടീഷ് ആധിപതയം- ഒനാം സവാതനയസമരം- ഇനയന നാഷണല േകാണഗസിെന രപീകരണം- സവേദശി പസാനം- സാമഹയപരിഷരണ പസാനങള- വർതമാനപതങള- സവാതനയസമരചരിതകാലെത സാഹിതയവം കലയം- സവാതനയ സമരവം മഹാതാഗാനിയം- ഇനയയെട സവാതനയാനനര കാലഘടം- സംസാനങളെട പന: –സംഘടന ശാസ വിദയാഭയാസ സാേങതിക േമഖലയിെല പേരാഗതി- വിേദശ നയം.േകരളം- യേറാപയനമാരെട വരവ്- –യേറാപയനമാരെട സംഭാവന മാർതാണവർമ മതല ശീചിതിരതിരനാള വെര തിരവിതാംകറിെന ചരിതം- സാമഹയ, മത, നേവാതാന പസാനങള- േകരളതിെല േദശീയ പസാനങള- േകരള ചരിതതിെന സാഹിതയ േസാതസകള - ഐകയേകരള പസാനം- 1956- ന േശഷമള േകരളതിെന സാമഹയരാഷീയ ചരിതം.േലാകം: - ഇംഗണിെല മഹതായ വിപവം(Great Revolution) - അേമരികന സവാതനയ സമരം- ഫഞ് വിപവം- റഷയന വിപവം- ൈചനീസ് വിപവം- രണാം േലാക മഹായദാനനര രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ഐകയരാഷസംഘടന, മറ് അനാരാഷ സംഘടനകളജീവശൊസ്ത്രവും ൊപൊതുജനൊേരൊഗ്യവുംഅടിസാന ആേരാഗയ വിജാനംജീവകങളം ധാതകളം അവയെട അപരയാപതാ േരാഗങളംജീവിതൈശലീേരാഗങളപരിസിതിയം പരിസിതി പശങളംമനഷയ ശരീരെതകറിചളെപാതഅറിവ്സാംകമിക േരാഗങളം േരാഗകാരികളംേകരളതിെല ആേരാഗയേകമ പവർതനങളധനതതവശൊസ്ത്രംഇനയ: സാമതിക രംഗം, പഞവതര പദതികള, പാനിംഗ് കമീഷള, നീതി ആേയാഗ്, നവസാമതിക പരിഷാരങള, ധനകാരയ സാപനങള, കാർഷികവിളകള, ധാതകള, ഹരിതവിപവം.ഭൂമിശൊസ്ത്രംഇനയ: ഭപകതി- സംസാനങള അവയെട സവിേശഷതകള- ഉതരപർവത േമഖല, നദികള, ഉതരമഹാസമതലം, ഉപദവീപീയ പീഠഭമി, തീരേദശം, – കാലാവസ സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- കഷി- ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജേസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല- െറയില-േവയാമ ഗതാഗതസംവിധാനങളഭമിശാസതിെന അടിസാന തതവങള- –ഭമിയെട ഘടന അനരീകം, പാറകള, ഭൗേമാപരിതലം, അനരീക മർദവം കാറം, താപനിലയം ഋതകളം, ആേഗാളപശങള- ആേഗാളതാപനം- വിവിധതരം മലിനീകരണങള, മാപകള- േടാേപാഗഫിക് മാപകള, അടയാളങള, വിദരസംേവദനം- ഭമിശാസപരമായ വിവരസംവിധാനം, മഹാസമദങള, സമദചലനങള, ഭഖണങള, േലാകരാഷങളം അവയെട സവിേശഷതകളംേകരളം: ഭപകതി- ജിലകള, സവിേശഷതകള- നദികള- –കാലാവസ സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- വനയജീവി- കഷിയം ഗേവഷണ സാപനങളം - ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജ േസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല - െറയില- േവയാമ ഗതാഗത സംവിധാനങളഭൗതികേശൊസ്ത്രംഗുരതവാകർഷണം - അഭിേകന്ദ്ര ബലം, അപേകന്ദ്രബലം, ഉപഗഹങള – പാലായന പേവഗം, പിണവം ഭാരവം - 'g' യെട മലയം - ഭമിയെട വിവിധസലങളില 'g'യെട മലയം.ചലനം - നയൂടെന ചലന നിയമങള - മനാം ചലന നിയമം - ആകം - െപാജൈക്ടൈല േമാഷന – മനാം ചലന നിയമം ഉപേയാഗെപടുത്തുന സന്ദർഭങള, ISRO യെട ബഹിരാകാശ േനടങള.താപം - താപനില - വിവിധതരം െതർേമാമീററുകള, ആർദത -ആേപകിക ആർദത.പകാശം - െലനസ്, ദർപണം - r=2f എന സമവാകയം ഉപേയാഗെപടുതിയള ഗണിതപശങള, പകാശതിെന വിവിധ പതിഭാസങള – മഴവില് - വസ്തുകളെട വിവിധ വർണങള , ഇലേക്ട്രാമാഗ്നറിക് െസ്പെക്ട്രം- IR Rays – UV Rays – X-Rays- േഫാേടാ ഇലക്ട്രിക് ഇഫക്റ്റ് .പവർതി - ഊർജം - പവർ – ഗണിത പശങള, ഉേതാലകങള, വിവിധതരം ഉേതാലകങള.ബലം - വിവിധ തരം ബലങള - ഘർഷണം - ഘർഷണതിെന ഉപേയാഗങളം േദാഷങളം, ദാവക മർദം - പവകമ ബലം - ആർകമിഡീസ് തതവം - പാസ്ക്കല നിയമം - സാന്ദ്രത – ആേപകിക സാന്ദ്രത - അഡ്ഹിഷന െകാഹീഷന ബലങള – േകശിക ഉയർച്ച – വിസ്കസ് ബലം - പതല ബലം.ഭൗതീക ശാസതിെന ശാഖകള, ദവയം - യണിറ്, അളവകളം േതാതം.ശബ്ദം - വിവിധ തരം തരംഗങള – വയതയസ മാധയമങളില പകാശതിെന പേവഗം, അനരണനം, ആവർതന പതിപതനം.രസതന്ത്രംആറം - തനമാത - ദവയതിെന വിവിധ അവസകള -രപാനരതവം - വാതക നിയമങള – അകവാറീജിയ.മലകങള – ആവർതനപടിക - േലാഹങളം അേലാഹങളം - രാസ - ഭൗതിക മാറങള - രാസപവർതനങള – ലായനികള, മിശിതങള, സംയക്തങള.േലാഹങള - അേലാഹങള – േലാഹസങരങള, ആസിഡും ആലകലിയം - pH മലയം - ആലകേലായിഡുകള.േകേരളം - ഭരണവും ഭരണസംവിധൊനങ്ങളുംേകരളം- സംസാന സിവില സർവീസ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങള, വിവിധ കമീഷനകള, സാമഹിക സാമതിക വാണിജയ ആസതണ അടിസാന വിവരങള, ദരന നിവാരണ അേതാറിറി, തണീർതട സംരകണം, െതാഴിലം േജാലിയം, േദശീയ ഗാമീണ െതാഴില പദതികള, ഭപരിഷരണങള, സീകള, കടികള, മതിർന പൗരനമാർ എനിവരെട സംരകണം, സാമഹയേകമം, സാമഹയ സരകിതതവം
പാേദശിക ഭാഷകള
Sec 4
കനഡAntonymsCorrect SentenceEquivalent WordFeminine Gender, Masculine GenderIdioms and ProverbsJoin the WordNumberOne Word / Single Word / One Word SubstitutionSort and WriteSynonymsTranslationWord Purity / Correct Wordതമിഴ്Adding PhrasesAntonyms / OppositeCorrect Structure of SentenceCorrect WordEqual WordGender Classification – Feminine, MasculineJoin the WordPhrases and ProverbsSeparateSingle WordSingular, PluralSynonymsTranslationമലയാളംഒറപദംഘടക പദം (വാകയം േചർെതഴുതക)പദശുദിപരയായംപരിഭാഷപിരിെച്ചഴുതലവചനംവാകയശുദിവിപരീത പദംസമാനപദംസീലിംഗം പലിംഗംേചർെതഴുതകൈശലികള പഴെഞാല്ലുകള
ലഘുഗ്ണിതവും, മൊനസികേ േശഷിയും നിരീക്ഷണപൊടവ പരിേശൊധനയും
Sec 5
മാനസിക േശഷിയം നിരീകണപാടവ പരിേശാധനയംഒറയാെന കെണത്തുക (Odd man out)കടുംബ ബനങള (Family Relations)കലണറും തീയതിയം (Date and Calendar)ക്ല റിക ല േശ ഷി പരിേശാ ധിക ന തിന ള േചാ ദ യങ ള (Clerical Ability)ഗണിത ചിഹ്നങള ഉപേയാഗിചള പശങള (Problems on Mathematics Signs)ദിശാവേബാധം ( Sense of Direction)സംഖയാവേലാകന പശങളസമാന ബനങള (Analogy- Word Analogy, Alphabet Analogy, Number Analogy)സാന നിർണയ പരിേശാധനേകാഡിംഗും ഡീേകാഡിംഗും (Coding and De Coding)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം പതിബിംബവം (Time in a clock and its reflection)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം േകാണളവം (Time and Angles)േശണികള സംഖയാ േശണികള, അകര േശണികള (Series)ലഘ ഗണിതംഅംശബനവം അനപാതവം (Ratio and Proportion)കതയങങള (Laws of Exponents)ജയാമിതീയ രപങളെട ചറളവ്, വിസീർണം, വയാപം തടങിയവ (Mensuration)ഭിനസംഖയകളം ദശാംശ സംഖയകളം (Fraction and Decimal Numbers)ലാഭവം നഷ്ടവം (Profit and Loss)ശതമാനം (Percentage)ശരാശരി (Average)സംഖയകളം അടിസാന കിയകളം (Numbers and Basic Operations)സമയവം ദരവം (Time and Distance)സമയവം പവൃതിയം (Time and Work)സാധാരണ പലിശയം കട്ടുപലിശയം (Simple and Compound Interest)േപാേഗഷനകള (Progressions)
Police
100 Marks
Civil Excise Officer ||| Women Civil Excise Officer
A Civil Excise Officer is an enforcement officer in the Kerala Excise Department, responsible for enforcing laws related to alcohol and narcotics, preventing the misuse of intoxicants, and conducting awareness campaigns against substance abuse.
90m
6s
#kerala-psc#excise#law-enforcement#plus-two-level#police
Syllabus Explorer
GENERAL ENGLISH
Sec 1
Active and Passive voiceAgreement of Subject and Verb.Articles - The Definite and the Indefinite Articles.Correction of SentencesDifferent Parts of Speech.Direct and Indirect SpeechInfinitive and GerundsPrepositionsTag QuestionsTensesTenses in Conditional SentencesThe Use of CorrelativesTypes of Sentences and Interchange of Sentences.Uses of Primary and Modal Auxiliary VerbsAntonymsCompound wordsForeign Words and PhrasesIdioms and their MeaningsOne Word SubstitutesPhrasal VerbsSingular & Plural, Change of Gender, Collective NounsSpelling TestSynonymsWord formation from other words and use of prefix or suffixWords often confused
Special Topics (തസ്തികേകേളുൊട േജൊലി സവഭൊവവുമൊയി ബന്ധപ്പൊപ്പെട്ട വിഷയങ്ങള് )
Sec 2
Age for possession & consumption of liquorAll aspects of liquor – import, export, transit & transport of liquorauthority empowered to sale liquorDefinitions – Technical and Legal termsDry days ?JurisdictionManufacture, possession & sale of liquorpossession limits of different liquorResponsibilities of Officers and Publice in Abkari casesSections of common Crimes – 8(1) & (2), 13, 15 (A,B,C), 55(g), 55(g), 55(i), 55(H), 55(I), 56, 58What is Abkari RevenueWhat is Liquor? Classification – Types of LiquorDefinitionDrugs present scenario in IndiaNeed for enactment – JurisdictionPunishment, Rehabilitation, Deaddiction provisions in the actQuantity specification of ganja, and common drugs (means that are usually seized in Kerala and read through daily)Sections 20, 21, 22, 50Three types of drugs – Natural, Semi-synthetic-with common examples – Classification and Types of Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic substancesUse and abuse of drugsChemical formula of Ethyl alcohol, methyl alcoholDefinition:- Blending, Compounding, Reducing, Fortification, ENA, RS, Absolute alcohol, Gauging, provingDenatured spiritMolasses, Neutral Spirit (ENA), Rectified Spirit, Ethyl alcohol, Absolute alcohol, Distillation, Fermentation, Attenuation, Proof spirit, Proof litre, Bulk litre, Blending, Compounding, Rectification, Bottling, Wastage, Warehouse, Ticket lock – Potable and non-potable alcohols – Differentiation between Ethyl alcohol and Methyl alcohol – Tragedies due to consumption of poisonous liquor.Strength of alcohol – units-% v/v and proof – relation.Distance ruleDry daysIMFL and FMFL – Strength of different types of Foreign Liquor- Possession/transportation limits of FL. Import, warehousing, transport & export of Foreign LiquorMeaning and need of different types of permitsNames of different licenses – FL-1, FL-3, FL-11Strength of beer, wine (lower limit also)Strength of liquor sold in stateWorking hoursSections relating to :- Banned tobacco productsSections relating to :- Public smokingSections relating to :- Sale within 90 yards of education institutionsSections relating to :- Without warning advertisementCampaign against Alcoholism and drug addictionConstitutional Provision of Liquor ProhibitionLiquor Consumption present scenarioNeed for regulationVimukthi Programme – Functionaries under the Vimukthi ProgrammeSection 43 Penalty and Compensation for damage to computer, computer system, etc.Section 43A Compensation for failure to protect data.Section 65 Tampering with computer source documents.Section 66 Computer related offencesSection 66B Punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device.Section 66C Punishment for identity theft.Section 66D Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resources.Section 66E Punishment for violation of privacy.Section 66F Punishment for cyber terrorism.Section 67 Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form.Section 67A Punishment for publishing or transmitting material containing sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 67B Punishment for publishing or transmitting material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 72 Penalty for breach of confidentiality and privacy.Section 77B Offences with 3 years imprisonment to be bailable.
െപാതവിജാനം
Sec 3
ഭരണഘടന നിർമാണ സമിതി, ആമഖം, പൗരതവം- മൗലികാവകാശങള- നിർേദശക തതവങള- മൗലിക കടമകള, ഗവണെമനിെന ഘടകങള, പധാനെപട ഭരണ ഘടനാ േഭദഗതികള(42, 44, 52, 73, 74, 86, 91), പഞായതീരാജ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങളം അവയെട ചമതലകളം- യണിയനലിസ്- േസറ് ലിസ്- കണകറന് ലിസ്.പശസമായ സലങളപശസമായ സാപനങളപശസരായ എഴുത്തുകാർപശസരായ കലാകാരനമാർപശസരായ വയക്തികളേകരളതിെല പധാന ദൃശയ-ശാവയകലകള ഇവയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വയാപനം, പരിശീലനം എനിവെകാണ്ഇതര വസ്തുതകളഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനംരാജയങളേവദികളഅടിസാന വിവരങളഒളിമിക്സില ഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനങളപധാന േവദികള/ രാജയങളപശസമായ വിജയങള / കായിക താരങളപാര ഒളിമിക്സ്വിനർ ഒളിമിക്സ്ഓരേരാ രാജയതിേനയം േദശീയ കായിക ഇനങള / വിേനാദങളകളികളമായി ബനെപട പധാന പദങളകായികരംഗത് വയക്തിമദപതിപിച്ച േകരളതിേലയം ഇനയയിേലയം േലാകതിേലയം പധാന കായികതാരങള, അവരെട കായിക ഇനങള, അവരെട േനടങള, അവർക് ലഭിച്ചിട്ടുള ബഹുമതികള.ഗയിംസ് ഇനങള - മതരങള - താരങള, േനടങളപധാന അവാർഡുകള - അവാർഡ് േജതാകള - ഓരേരാ അവാർഡും ഏതേമഖലയിെല പകടനതിനാണ് നല്കുനത് എന അറിവ്.പധാന കായിക ഇനങള - പെങടുകന കളികാരെട എണം.പധാന േട്രാഫികള - ബനെപട മതരങള/ കായിക ഇനങള.േദശീയ ഗയിംസ്േകരളതിെല പധാന ആേഘാഷങള, ആേഘാഷങളമായി ബനെപട സലങള പശസമായ ഉതവങള.േകരളതിെല സാംസ്കാരിക േകന്ദ്രങള, ആരാധനാലയങള, സാംസ്കാരിക നായകർ, അവരെട സംഭാവനകളഎഴുത്തുകാർ - തൂലികാനാമങള, അപരനാമങളഓരേരാ പസാനതിേലയം പധാനകതികള അവയെട കർതാകളകഥാപാതങള - കതികളജാനപീഠം േനടിയ മലയാളികള - അനബന വസ്തുതകളഅവാർഡിനർഹരായ എഴുത്തുകാർകതികളപശസമായ വരികള - കതികള - എഴുത്തുകാർമലയാള പതപവർതനതിെന ആരംഭം, തടകം കറിച്ചവർ, ആനകാലികങളമലയാള സിനിമയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വളർച്ച, നാഴികകല്ലുകള, പധാന സംഭാവനനല്കിയവർ, മലയാള സിനിമയം േദശീയ അവാർഡും.മലയാളതിെല പധാന സാഹിതയ പസാനങള - ആദയകതികള, കർതാകളഇനയ: രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ബിടീഷ് ആധിപതയം- ഒനാം സവാതനയസമരം- ഇനയന നാഷണല േകാണഗസിെന രപീകരണം- സവേദശി പസാനം- സാമഹയപരിഷരണ പസാനങള- വർതമാനപതങള- സവാതനയസമരചരിതകാലെത സാഹിതയവം കലയം- സവാതനയ സമരവം മഹാതാഗാനിയം- ഇനയയെട സവാതനയാനനര കാലഘടം- സംസാനങളെട പന: –സംഘടന ശാസ വിദയാഭയാസ സാേങതിക േമഖലയിെല പേരാഗതി- വിേദശ നയം.മാർതാണവർമമതലശീചിതിരതിരനാളവെര തിരവിതാംകറിെന ചരിതം- സാമഹയ, മത, നേവാതാന പസാനങളേകരളം- യേറാപയനമാരെട വരവ്- –യേറാപയനമാരെട സംഭാവനേകരളതിെല േദശീയ പസാനങള- േകരള ചരിതതിെന സാഹിതയ േസാതസകള- ഐകയേകരള പസാനം- 1956-ന േശഷമള േകരളതിെന സാമഹയരാഷീയ ചരിതം.േലാകം: - ഇംഗണിെല മഹതായ വിപവം(Great Revolution) - അേമരികന സവാതനയ സമരം- ഫഞ് വിപവം- റഷയന വിപവം- ൈചനീസ് വിപവം- രണാം േലാക മഹായദാനനര രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ഐകയരാഷസംഘടന, മറ് അനാരാഷ സംഘടനകളഅടിസാന ആേരാഗയ വിജാനംജീവകങളം ധാതകളം അവയെട അപരയാപതാ േരാഗങളംജീവിതൈശലീേരാഗങളപരിസിതിയം പരിസിതി പശങളംമനഷയ ശരീരെതകറിചളെപാത അറിവ്സാംകമികേരാഗങളം േരാഗകാരികളംേകരളതിെല ആേരാഗയേകമ പവർതനങളഇനയ: സാമതിക രംഗം, പഞവതര പദതികള, പാനിംഗ് കമീഷള, നീതി ആേയാഗ്, നവസാമതിക പരിഷാരങള, ധനകാരയ സാപനങള, കാർഷിക വിളകള, ധാതകള, ഹരിതവിപവം.ഇനയ: ഭപകതി- സംസാനങള അവയെട സവിേശഷതകള- ഉതരപർവത േമഖല, നദികള, ഉതരമഹാസമതലം, ഉപദവീപീയ പീഠഭമി, തീരേദശം, – കാലാവസ സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- കഷി- ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജേസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല- െറയില-േവയാമ ഗതാഗത സംവിധാനങളഭൂമിശാസതിെന അടിസാന തതവങള- –ഭമിയെട ഘടന അനരീകം, പാറകള, ഭൗേമാപരിതലം, അനരീക മർദവം കാറം, താപനിലയം ഋതകളം, ആേഗാളപശങള- ആേഗാളതാപനം- വിവിധതരം മലിനീകരണങള, മാപകള- േടാേപാഗഫിക് മാപകള, അടയാളങള, വിദരസംേവദനം- ഭമിശാസപരമായ വിവരസംവിധാനം, മഹാസമദങള, സമദചലനങള, ഭഖണങള, േലാകരാഷങളം അവയെട സവിേശഷതകളംേകരളം: ഭപകതി- ജിലകള, സവിേശഷതകള- നദികള- കാലാവസ – സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- വനയജീവി- കഷിയം ഗേവഷണ സാപനങളം- ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജ േസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല- െറയില- േവയാമ ഗതാഗത സംവിധാനങളഗുരതവാകർഷണം - അഭിേകന്ദ്ര ബലം, അപേകന്ദ്രബലം, ഉപഗഹങള – പാലായന പേവഗം, പിണവം ഭാരവം - 'g'യെട മലയം - ഭമിയെട വിവിധസലങളില 'g'യെട മലയം.ചലനം - നയൂടെന ചലന നിയമങള - മനാം ചലന നിയമം - ആകം - െപാജൈക്ടൈല േമാഷന – മനാം ചലന നിയമം ഉപേയാഗെപടുത്തുന സന്ദർഭങള, ISRO യെട ബഹിരാകാശ േനടങള.താപം - താപനില - വിവിധതരം െതർേമാമീററുകള, ആർദത -ആേപകിക ആർദത.പകാശം - െലനസ്, ദർപണം - r=2f എന സമവാകയം ഉപേയാഗെപടുതിയള ഗണിതപശങള, പകാശതിെന വിവിധ പതിഭാസങള – മഴവില് - വസ്തുകളെട വിവിധ വർണങള , ഇലേക്ട്രാമാഗ്നറിക് െസ്പെക്ട്രം- IR Rays – UV Rays – X-Rays- േഫാേടാ ഇലക്ട്രിക് ഇഫക്റ്റ് .പവർതി - ഊർജം - പവർ – ഗണിത പശങള, ഉേതാലകങള, വിവിധതരം ഉേതാലകങള.ബലം - വിവിധ തരം ബലങള - ഘർഷണം - ഘർഷണതിെന ഉപേയാഗങളം േദാഷങളം, ദാവക മർദം - പവകമ ബലം - ആർകമിഡീസ് തതവം - പാസ്ക്കല നിയമം - സാന്ദ്രത – ആേപകിക സാന്ദ്രത - അഡ്ഹിഷന െകാഹീഷന ബലങള – േകശിക ഉയർച്ച – വിസ്കസ് ബലം - പതല ബലം.ഭൗതീക ശാസതിെന ശാഖകള, ദവയം - യണിറ്, അളവകളം േതാതം.ശബ്ദം - വിവിധ തരം തരംഗങള – വയതയസ മാധയമങളില പകാശതിെന പേവഗം, അനരണനം, ആവർതന പതിപതനം.ആറം - തനമാത - ദവയതിെന വിവിധ അവസകള -രപാനരതവം - വാതക നിയമങള – അകവാറീജിയ.മലകങള – ആവർതനപടിക - േലാഹങളം അേലാഹങളം - രാസ - ഭൗതിക മാറങള - രാസപവർതനങള – ലായനികള, മിശിതങള, സംയക്തങള.േലാഹങള - അേലാഹങള – േലാഹസങരങള, ആസിഡും ആലകലിയം - pH മലയം - ആലകേലായിഡുകള.േകരളം- സംസാന സിവില സർവീസ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങള, വിവിധ കമീഷനകള, സാമഹിക സാമതിക വാണിജയ ആസതണ അടിസാന വിവരങള, ദരന നിവാരണ അേതാറിറി, തണീർതട സംരകണം, െതാഴിലം േജാലിയം, േദശീയ ഗാമീണ െതാഴില പദതികള, ഭപരിഷരണങള, സീകള, കടികള, മതിർന പൗരനമാർ എനിവരെട സംരകണം, സാമഹയേകമം, സാമഹയ സരകിതതവം
ൊപൊതുവിജ്ഞൊനം
Sec 4
ഇന്ത്യന് ഭരണഘടനകേല, കേൊയികേം, സൊഹിതയം, സംസ്ക്കൊരംചരിത്രംജീവശൊസ്ത്രവും ൊപൊതുജനൊേരൊഗ്യവുംധനതതവശൊസ്ത്രംഭൂമിശൊസ്ത്രംഭൗതികേശൊസ്ത്രംരസതന്ത്രംേകേരളം - ഭരണവും ഭരണസംവിധൊനങ്ങളും
പാേദശിക ഭാഷകള
Sec 5
AntonymsCorrect SentenceEquivalent WordFeminine Gender, Masculine GenderIdioms and ProverbsJoin the WordNumberOne Word / Single Word / One Word SubstitutionSort and WriteSynonymsTranslationWord Purity / Correct WordAdding PhrasesAntonyms / OppositeCorrect Structure of SentenceCorrect WordEqual WordGender Classification – Feminine, MasculineJoin the WordPhrases and ProverbsSeparateSingle WordSingular, PluralSynonymsTranslationഒറപദംഘടക പദം (വാകയം േചർെതഴുതക)പദശുദിപരയായംപരിഭാഷപിരിെച്ചഴുതലവചനംവാകയശുദിവിപരീത പദംസമാനപദംസീലിംഗം പലിംഗംേചർെതഴുതകൈശലികള പഴെഞാല്ലുകള
ലഘഗണിതവം, മാനസിക േശഷിയം നിരീകണപാടവ പരിേശാധനയം
Sec 6
ഒറയാെന കെണത്തുക (Odd man out)കടുംബ ബനങള (Family Relations)കലണറും തീയതിയം (Date and Calendar)ക്ല റിക ല േശ ഷി പരിേശാ ധിക ന തിന ള േചാ ദ യങ ള (Clerical Ability)ഗണിത ചിഹ്നങള ഉപേയാഗിചള പശങള (Problems on Mathematics Signs)ദിശാവേബാധം ( Sense of Direction)സംഖയാവേലാകന പശങളസമാന ബനങള (Analogy- Word Analogy, Alphabet Analogy, Number Analogy)സാന നിർണയ പരിേശാധനേകാഡിംഗും ഡീേകാഡിംഗും (Coding and De Coding)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം പതിബിംബവം (Time in a clock and its reflection)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം േകാണളവം (Time and Angles)േശണികള സംഖയാ േശണികള, അകര േശണികള (Series)അംശബനവം അനപാതവം (Ratio and Proportion)കതയങങള (Laws of Exponents)ജയാമിതീയ രപങളെട ചറളവ്, വിസീർണം, വയാപം തടങിയവ (Mensuration)ഭിനസംഖയകളം ദശാംശ സംഖയകളം (Fraction and Decimal Numbers)ലാഭവം നഷ്ടവം (Profit and Loss)ശതമാനം (Percentage)ശരാശരി (Average)സംഖയകളം അടിസാന കിയകളം (Numbers and Basic Operations)സമയവം ദരവം (Time and Distance)സമയവം പവൃതിയം (Time and Work)സാധാരണ പലിശയം കട്ടുപലിശയം (Simple and Compound Interest)േപാേഗഷനകള (Progressions)
Technical
100 Marks
INSPECTING ASSISTANT {Legal Metrology}
The Inspecting Assistant position in the Legal Metrology Department is recruited by the Kerala Public Service Commission. The role involves ensuring legal metrology standards are upheld in trade and business across Kerala, including testing commodities.
75m
5s
#kerala-psc#legal-metrology#inspecting-assistant#plus-two-level#technical
Syllabus Explorer
Special Topics ( തസികയെട േജാലി സവഭാവവമായി ബനെപട വിഷയങള )
Sec 1
Basics of Legal MetrologyInternational and National standards of weights and measures, International organizations & Laboratories of Legal Metrology – OIML, NPL, MINT, RRSL, etc, Measuring Equipments -Length measures, Volume Measures, weighing machines, Screw gauge, vernier caliper, Barometer, Sphygmomanometer, Thermometer and Lactometer. Uncertainity in measurements, precision and accuracy, arising measurements. Needs of Measurement, History of measurement.IMPORTANT SECTIONS AND RULES OF LEGAL METROLOGYRules of Kerala Legal Metrology Enforcement Rules – 2012Rule-14 - Verification and inspection of weight or measure.Rule-15 - Stamping of weight or measure.Rule-16 - Fee for verification.Rule-17 - Collection of fee and deposit into the Treassury.Rule-22 - Use of weight, measure etc.Rule-23 - Certificate of verification to be exhibited.Rule-24 - Penalty for contravention of rules.Rules of Legal Metrology Packaged Commodity Rules – 2011Rule-10 - Declaration of name and address of the manufacturer etc.Rule-6 - Declaration to be made on every package.Rule-7 - Principle display panel-its areas, size and letter etc.Rule-8 - Declration where to appear.SECTIONS OF LEGAL METROLOGY ACT-2009S-17 - Manufacturers. etc. to maintain record and registersS-18 - Declaration on pre-packaged commodities.S-22 - Approval of model.S-24 - Verification and stamping of weight or measure.S-25 - Penalty for use of non-standard weight or measure.S-26 - Penalty for alteration of weight or measure.S-27 - Penalty for manufacture or sale of non-standard weight or measure.S-31 - Penlty for non-production of documents.S-33 - Penalty for use of unverified weight or measure.S-34 - Penalty for sale or delivery of commodities etc, by non-standard weight or measure.S-36 - Penalty for selling non-standard packages.S-44 - Penalty for counter fiting of seals.
GENERAL ENGLISH
Sec 2
English GrammarActive and Passive voiceAgreement of Subject and Verb.Articles - The Definite and the Indefinite Articles.Correction of SentencesDifferent Parts of Speech.Direct and Indirect SpeechInfinitive and GerundsPrepositionsTag QuestionsTensesTenses in Conditional SentencesThe Use of CorrelativesTypes of Sentences and Interchange of Sentences.Uses of Primary and Modal Auxiliary VerbsVocabularyAntonymsCompound wordsForeign Words and PhrasesIdioms and their MeaningsOne Word SubstitutesPhrasal VerbsSingular & Plural, Change of Gender, Collective NounsSpelling TestSynonymsWord formation from other words and use of prefix or suffixWords often confused
െപാതവിജാനം
Sec 3
ഇനയന ഭരണഘടനഭരണഘടന നിർമാണ സമിതി, ആമഖം, പൗരതവം- മൗലികാവകാശങള- നിർേദശക തതവങള- മൗലിക കടമകള, ഗവണെമനിെന ഘടകങള, പധാനെപട ഭരണ ഘടനാ േഭദഗതികള(42, 44, 52, 73, 74, 86, 91), പഞായതീരാജ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങളം അവയെട ചമതലകളം- യണിയനലിസ്- േസറ് ലിസ്- കണകറന് ലിസ്.കമയൂടർ - അടിസാന വിവരങളComputer NetworksNetwork Devices – Media, Switch, Hub, Router, Bridge, Gateway (Uses of each)Types of networks – LAN, WAN, MAN (Features and application area)Cyber Crimes and Cyber LawsIT Act and Other laws (Awareness level)Types of crimes (Awareness level)HardwareInput Devices (Names and uses)Memory devices - Primary and Secondary (Examples, Features)Output Devices (Names and uses/features)InternetE-governanceServices – WWW, E-mail, Search engines (Examples and purposes)Social Media (Examples and features)Web Designing – Browser, HTML (Basics only)SoftwareBasics of programming – Types of instructions (Input, Output, Store, Control transfer) (Languages need not be considered)Classification – System software and Application softwareOperating System – Functions and examplesPopular Application software packages – Word processors, Spreadsheets, Database packages, Presentation, Image editors (Uses, features and fundamental concepts of each)കല , കായികം , സാഹിതയം , സംസ്കാരംകലേകരളതിെല പധാന ദൃശയ-ശാവയകലകള ഇവയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വയാപനം, പരിശീലനം എനിവെകാണ് - പശസമായ സലങള - പശസമായ സാപനങള - പശസരായ വയക്തികള - പശസരായ കലാകാരനമാർ പശസരായ എഴുത്തുകാർകായികംഏഷയന ഗയിംസ്, ആേഫാ ഏഷയന ഗയിംസ്, േകാമണെവലത് ഗയിംസ്, സാഫ് ഗയിംസ്ഇതര വസ്തുതകളഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനംരാജയങളേവദികളഒളിമിക്സ്അടിസാന വിവരങളഒളിമിക്സില ഇനയയെട ശേദയമായ പകടനങളപധാന േവദികള/ രാജയങളപശസമായ വിജയങള / കായിക താരങളപാര ഒളിമിക്സ്വിനർ ഒളിമിക്സ്ഓരേരാ രാജയതിേനയം േദശീയ കായിക ഇനങള / വിേനാദങളകളികളമായി ബനെപട പധാന പദങളകായികരംഗത് വയക്തിമദപതിപിച്ച േകരളതിേലയം ഇനയയിേലയം േലാകതിേലയം പധാന കായികതാരങള, അവരെട കായിക ഇനങള, അവരെട േനടങള, അവർക് ലഭിച്ചിട്ടുള ബഹുമതികള.ഗയിംസ് ഇനങള - മതരങള - താരങള, േനടങളപധാന അവാർഡുകള - അവാർഡ് േജതാകള - ഓരേരാ അവാർഡും ഏതേമഖലയിെല പകടനതിനാണ് നല്കുനത് എന അറിവ്.പധാന കായിക ഇനങള - പെങടുകന കളികാരെട എണം.പധാന േട്രാഫികള - ബനെപട മതരങള/ കായിക ഇനങള.േദശീയ ഗയിംസ്സംസ്ക്കാരംേകരളതിെല പധാന ആേഘാഷങള, ആേഘാഷങളമായി ബനെപട സലങള പശസമായ ഉതവങള.േകരളതിെല സാംസ്കാരിക േകന്ദ്രങള, ആരാധനാലയങള, സാംസ്കാരിക നായകർ, അവരെട സംഭാവനകളസാഹിതയംഎഴുത്തുകാർ - തൂലികാനാമങള, അപരനാമങളഓരേരാ പസാനതിേലയം പധാനകതികള അവയെട കർതാകളകഥാപാതങള - കതികളജാനപീഠം േനടിയ മലയാളികള - അനബന വസ്തുതകളപധാനെപട അവാർഡുകള / ബഹുമതികളഅവാർഡിനർഹരായ എഴുത്തുകാർകതികളപശസമായ വരികള - കതികള - എഴുത്തുകാർമലയാള പതപവർതനതിെന ആരംഭം, തടകം കറിച്ചവർ, ആനകാലികങളമലയാള സിനിമയെട ഉത്ഭവം, വളർച്ച, നാഴികകല്ലുകള, പധാന സംഭാവനനല്കിയവർ, മലയാള സിനിമയം േദശീയ അവാർഡും.മലയാളതിെല പധാന സാഹിതയ പസാനങള - ആദയകതികള, കർതാകളചരിതംഇനയ: രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ബിടീഷ് ആധിപതയം- ഒനാം സവാതനയസമരം- ഇനയന നാഷണല േകാണഗസിെന രപീകരണം- സവേദശി പസാനം- സാമഹയപരിഷരണ പസാനങള- വർതമാനപതങള- സവാതനയസമരചരിതകാലെത സാഹിതയവം കലയം- സവാതനയ സമരവം മഹാതാഗാനിയം- ഇനയയെട സവാതനയാനനര കാലഘടം- സംസാനങളെട പന: –സംഘടന ശാസ വിദയാഭയാസ സാേങതിക േമഖലയിെല പേരാഗതി- വിേദശ നയം.േകരളം- യേറാപയനമാരെട വരവ്- –യേറാപയനമാരെട സംഭാവന മാർതാണവർമമതലശീചിതിരതിരനാളവെര തിരവിതാംകറിെന ചരിതം- സാമഹയ, മത, നേവാതാന പസാനങള - േകരളതിെല േദശീയ പസാനങള- േകരള ചരിതതിെന സാഹിതയ േസാതസകള- ഐകയേകരള പസാനം- 1956-ന േശഷമള േകരളതിെന സാമഹയരാഷീയ ചരിതം.േലാകം: - ഇംഗണിെല മഹതായ വിപവം(Great Revolution) - അേമരികന സവാതനയ സമരം- ഫഞ് വിപവം- റഷയന വിപവം- ൈചനീസ് വിപവം- രണാം േലാക മഹായദാനനര രാഷീയ ചരിതം- ഐകയരാഷസംഘടന, മറ് അനാരാഷ സംഘടനകളജീവശാസവം െപാതജന ആേരാഗയവംഅടിസാന ആേരാഗയ വിജാനംജീവകങളം ധാതകളം അവയെട അപരയാപതാ േരാഗങളംജീവിതൈശലീേരാഗങളപരിസിതിയം പരിസിതി പശങളംമനഷയ ശരീരെതകറിചളെപാതഅറിവ്സാംകമിക േരാഗങളം േരാഗകാരികളംേകരളതിെല ആേരാഗയേകമ പവർതനങളധനതതവ ശാസംഇനയ: സാമതിക രംഗം, പഞവതര പദതികള, പാനിംഗ് കമീഷള, നീതി ആേയാഗ്, നവസാമതിക പരിഷാരങള, ധനകാരയ സാപനങള, കാർഷികവിളകള, ധാതകള, ഹരിതവിപവം.ഭമിശാസംഇനയ: ഭപകതി- സംസാനങള അവയെട സവിേശഷതകള- ഉതരപർവത േമഖല, നദികള, ഉതരമഹാസമതലം, ഉപദവീപീയ പീഠഭമി, തീരേദശം, – കാലാവസ സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- കഷി- ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജേസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല- െറയില-േവയാമ ഗതാഗതസംവിധാനങളഭമിശാസതിെന അടിസാന തതവങള- –ഭമിയെട ഘടന അനരീകം, പാറകള, ഭൗേമാപരിതലം, അനരീക മർദവം കാറം, താപനിലയം ഋതകളം, ആേഗാളപശങള- ആേഗാളതാപനം- വിവിധതരം മലിനീകരണങള, മാപകള- േടാേപാഗഫിക് മാപകള, അടയാളങള, വിദരസംേവദനം- ഭമിശാസപരമായ വിവരസംവിധാനം, മഹാസമദങള, സമദചലനങള, ഭഖണങള, േലാകരാഷങളം അവയെട സവിേശഷതകളംേകരളം: ഭപകതി- ജിലകള, സവിേശഷതകള- നദികള- കാലാവസ – സവാഭാവിക സസയപകതി- വനയജീവി- കഷിയം ഗേവഷണ സാപനങളം- ധാതകളം വയവസായവം- ഊർജ േസാതസകള- േറാഡ്- ജല- െറയില- േവയാമ ഗതാഗതസംവിധാനങളഭൗതിക ശാസംഇലേക്ട്രാണിക്സ് -അടിസാന വിവരങള – കപാസിററുകള, റസിസറുകള, ട്രാനേസ്ഫാർമറുകള, ഡേയാഡുകള, ട്രേയാഡുകള, ട്രാനസിസറുകളഗുരതവാകർഷണം - അഭിേകന്ദ്ര ബലം, അപേകന്ദ്രബലം, ഉപഗഹങള – പാലായന പേവഗം, പിണവം ഭാരവം - 'g' യെട മലയം - ഭമിയെട വിവിധസലങളില 'g'യെട മലയം.ചലനം - നയൂടെന ചലന നിയമങള - മനാം ചലന നിയമം - ആകം - െപാജൈക്ടൈല േമാഷന – മനാം ചലന നിയമം ഉപേയാഗെപടുത്തുന സന്ദർഭങള, ISRO യെട ബഹിരാകാശ േനടങള.താപം - താപനില - വിവിധതരം െതർേമാമീററുകള, ആർദത -ആേപകിക ആർദത.പകാശം - െലനസ്, ദർപണം - r=2f എന സമവാകയം ഉപേയാഗെപടുതിയള ഗണിതപശങള, പകാശതിെന വിവിധ പതിഭാസങള – മഴവില് - വസ്തുകളെട വിവിധ വർണങള , ഇലേക്ട്രാമാഗ്നറിക് െസ്പെക്ട്രം- IR Rays – UV Rays – X-Rays- േഫാേടാ ഇലക്ട്രിക് ഇഫക്റ്റ് .പവർതി - ഊർജം - പവർ – ഗണിത പശങള, ഉേതാലകങള, വിവിധതരം ഉേതാലകങള.ബലം - വിവിധ തരം ബലങള - ഘർഷണം - ഘർഷണതിെന ഉപേയാഗങളം േദാഷങളം, ദാവക മർദം - പവകമ ബലം - ആർകമിഡീസ് തതവം - പാസ്ക്കല നിയമം - സാന്ദ്രത – ആേപകിക സാന്ദ്രത - അഡ്ഹിഷന െകാഹീഷന ബലങള – േകശിക ഉയർച്ച – വിസ്കസ് ബലം - പതല ബലം.ഭൗതീക ശാസതിെന ശാഖകള, ദവയം - യണിറ്, അളവകളം േതാതം.ശബ്ദം - വിവിധ തരം തരംഗങള – വയതയസ മാധയമങളില പകാശതിെന പേവഗം, അനരണനം, ആവർതന പതിപതനം.രസതനംആറം - തനമാത - ദവയതിെന വിവിധ അവസകള -രപാനരതവം - വാതക നിയമങള – അകവാറീജിയ.മലകങള – ആവർതനപടിക - േലാഹങളം അേലാഹങളം - രാസ - ഭൗതിക മാറങള - രാസപവർതനങള – ലായനികള, മിശിതങള, സംയക്തങള.േലാഹങള - അേലാഹങള – േലാഹസങരങള, ആസിഡും ആലകലിയം - pH മലയം - ആലകേലായിഡുകള.േകരളം - ഭരണവം ഭരണസംവിധാനങളംേകരളം- സംസാന സിവില സർവീസ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സാപനങള, വിവിധ കമീഷനകള, സാമഹിക സാമതിക വാണിജയ ആസതണ അടിസാന വിവരങള, ദരന നിവാരണ അേതാറിറി, തണീർതട സംരകണം, െതാഴിലം േജാലിയം, േദശീയ ഗാമീണ െതാഴില പദതികള, ഭപരിഷരണങള, സീകള, കടികള, മതിർന പൗരനമാർ എനിവരെട സംരകണം, സാമഹയേകമം, സാമഹയ സരകിതതവം
പാേദശിക ഭാഷകള
Sec 4
കനഡAntonymsCorrect SentenceEquivalent WordFeminine Gender, Masculine GenderIdioms and ProverbsJoin the WordNumberOne Word / Single Word / One Word SubstitutionSort and WriteSynonymsTranslationWord Purity / Correct Wordതമിഴ്Adding PhrasesAntonyms / OppositeCorrect Structure of SentenceCorrect WordEqual WordGender Classification – Feminine, MasculineJoin the WordPhrases and ProverbsSeparateSingle WordSingular, PluralSynonymsTranslationമലയാളംഒറപദംഘടക പദം (വാകയം േചർെതഴുതക)പദശുദിപരയായംപരിഭാഷപിരിെച്ചഴുതലവചനംവാകയശുദിവിപരീത പദംസമാനപദംസീലിംഗം പലിംഗംേചർെതഴുതകൈശലികള പഴെഞാല്ലുകള
ലഘഗണിതവം, മാനസിക േശഷിയം നിരീകണപാടവ പരിേശാധനയം
Sec 5
മാനസിക േശഷിയം നിരീകണപാടവ പരിേശാധനയംഒറയാെന കെണത്തുക (Odd man out)കടുംബ ബനങള (Family Relations)കലണറും തീയതിയം (Date and Calendar)ക്ല റിക ല േശ ഷി പരിേശാ ധിക ന തിന ള േചാ ദ യങ ള (Clerical Ability)ഗണിത ചിഹ്നങള ഉപേയാഗിചള പശങള (Problems on Mathematics Signs)ദിശാവേബാധം ( Sense of Direction)സംഖയാവേലാകന പശങളസമാന ബനങള (Analogy- Word Analogy, Alphabet Analogy, Number Analogy)സാന നിർണയ പരിേശാധനേകാഡിംഗും ഡീേകാഡിംഗും (Coding and De Coding)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം പതിബിംബവം (Time in a clock and its reflection)േക്ലാകിെല സമയവം േകാണളവം (Time and Angles)േശണികള സംഖയാ േശണികള, അകര േശണികള (Series)ലഘ ഗണിതംGeometryTrigonometryഅംശബനവം അനപാതവം (Ratio and Proportion)കതയങങള (Laws of Exponents)ജയാമിതീയ രപങളെട ചറളവ്, വിസീർണം, വയാപം തടങിയവ (Mensuration)ഭിനസംഖയകളം ദശാംശ സംഖയകളം (Fraction and Decimal Numbers)ലാഭവം നഷ്ടവം (Profit and Loss)ശതമാനം (Percentage)ശരാശരി (Average)സംഖയകളം അടിസാന കിയകളം (Numbers and Basic Operations)സമയവം ദരവം (Time and Distance)സമയവം പവൃതിയം (Time and Work)സാധാരണ പലിശയം കട്ടുപലിശയം (Simple and Compound Interest)േപാേഗഷനകള (Progressions)
Police
100 Marks
Civil Police Officer (APB) ||| Women Civil Police Officer
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for Civil Police Officer and Women Civil Police Officer roles in the Kerala Police Department. These positions are also known as Police Constable Trainee Battalion posts.
75m
5s
#kerala-psc#police#constable#law-enforcement#12th-pass
Syllabus Explorer
General English
Sec 1
Active and Passive voiceAgreement of Subject and Verb.Articles - Definite and Indefinite Articles.Correction of SentencesDegrees of ComparisonDifferent Parts of Speech.Direct and Indirect SpeechInfinitive and GerundsPrepositionsQuestion TagsTensesTenses in Conditional SentencesThe Use of CorrelativesTypes of Sentences and Interchange of Sentences.Uses of Primary and Modal Auxiliary VerbsAntonymsCompound wordsExpansion and meaning of Common AbbreviationsForeign Words and PhrasesIdioms and their MeaningsOne Word SubstitutesPhrasal VerbsSingular & Plural, Change of Gender, Collective NounsSpelling TestSynonymsWord formation from other words and use of prefix or suffixWords often confused
Special Topics (തസ്തികേകളുടേ േജാലി സവഭാവവുമയി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട വിഷയങ്ങൾ)
Sec 2
Sec 1- Short title, extent and commencement.Sec 27 – How much of information received from accused may be proved.Sec 32 – Case in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc is relevant.Sec 45 - Opinion of Experts.269 – negligent act likely to spread infection of diseases dangerous to life270- Malignant act likely to spread infection of diseases dangerous to life277- fouling water of public spring or reservoirIPC Section 81. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harmIPC Section 82. Act of a child under seven years of ageIPC Section 83. Act of a child above seven and under twelve of immature understandingIPC Section 84. Act of a person of unsound mindIPC Section 85. Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his willIPC Section 88. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit.IPC Section 89. Act done in good faith for benefit of child or insane person, by or by consent of guardianIPC Section 92. Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consentSec 268- public nuisanceIPC offences354 Assault or criminal force to women with intent to outrage her modesty.354A Sexual harassment and Punishment for sexual harassment354B Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe354C Voyeurism354D Stalking498A Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty509 Word gesture of act intended to insult the modesty of a women299 Culpable homicide300 Murder301 Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person who death was intended302 Punishment for murder303 Punishment for murder by life-convict304 Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder.304A Causing death by negligence304B Dowry death312 Causing of miscarriage313 Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent314 Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage319 Hurt320 Grievous hurt321 Voluntarily causing hurt322 Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt323 Punishment for Voluntarily causing hurt (Non-cognizable)324 Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means325 Punishment for Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt326 Punishment for Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means326A Voluntarily causing Grievous hurt by use of acid326B Voluntarily throwing or attempting to throw acid336 Act endangering life or personal safety of others337 Causing hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others338 Causing grievous hurt by act endangering life or personal safety of others339 Wrongful restraint340 Wrongful confinement341 Punishment for Wrongful restraint342 Punishment for Wrongful confinement359 Kidnapping360 Kidnapping from India361 Kidnapping from lawful guardianship362 Abduction363 Punishment for kidnapping370 Trafficking of person370A Exploitation of a trafficked person375 Rape376 Punishment for Rape376A Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim376AB Punishment for rape on woman under twelve year of age376B Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation376C Sexual intercourse by person in authority376D Gang rape376DA Punishment for gang rape on woman under sixteen years of age376DB Punishment for gang rape on woman under twelve years of age376E Punishment for repeat offenders402.Criminal breach of trust by carrier, etc.Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant.Criminal breach of trust by public, servant. or by banker, merchant or agent. Of the Receiving of Stolen PropertyCriminal breach of trust.Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death. Of Criminal Breach of TrustDishonest misappropriation of property.Dishonestly receiving stolen property.Punishment for criminal breach of trust.Stolen property.Extortion by putting a person in fear of death on grievous hurt.Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life, etc.Extortion.Punishment for extortion.Putting person in fear of accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion.Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt, in order to commit extortion.Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit extortion.Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon.Attempt to commit robbery.Dacoity with murder.Dacoity.Making preparation to commit dacoity.Punishment for dacoity.Punishment for robbery.Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt.Robbery. When theft is robbery. When extortion is robbery.Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery.Punishment for theft.Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to the committing of the theft.Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master.Theft in dwelling house, etc.Theft.Action on the occasion of fire, disaster or accident.Behaviour of Police Officers.Citizens have the right to efficient police service.Community Policing.Entry in private places.General duties of police.Kerala Police.Lawful directions of Police to be complied withPenalty for causing grave violation of public order or dangerPenalty for causing nuisance and violation of public orderPenalty for interfering in the functions of the police.Police and public may keep audio or video or electronic records.Police to attempt to locate missing persons.Police to interfere for preventing Offence.Police to keep information confidential.Police to regulate and control traffic.Punishment for atrocities against womenRegulating nuisance caused by noise.Right of the Public at police StationsShort title, extent and commencementSpecial Police Officers.Special wings, Units, Branches Squads.The functions of the police.Section 151 Arrest to prevent commission of cognizable offencesSection 167 Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in 24 hours.Section 41 A Notice of appearance before Police Officer.Section 41 B Procedure of arrest and duties of officer making arrest.Section 41 D Right of arrested person to meet an advocate of his choice during interrogation.Section 41 When Police may arrest without warrant.Section 43 Arrest by private person and procedure on such arrest.Section 44 Arrest by Magistrate.Section 46 Arrest how madeSection 50 Person arrested to be informed of grounds of arrest and of right to bail.Section 51 Search of arrested person.Section 53 Examination of accused by medical practitioner at the request of Police.Section 54 Examination of arrested person by medical officer.Section 57 Person arrested not to be detained more than 24 hours.Section1 Short, title, extent and commencement.Section2(a) Bailable offenceSection2(c) Cognizable offenceSection2(h) InvestigationSection2(l) Non-Cognizable offence.Section2(n) Offence.Section2(w) Summons caseSection2(x) Warrant CaseSection4 Trial of offences under the Indian Penal Code and other laws.Section 154 Information in Cognizable Offences.Section 155 Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation of such cases.Section 156 Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable cases.Section 157 Procedure for investigation.Section 160 Police officers power to require attendance of witnesses.Section 161 Examination of witnesses by Police.Section 164 Recording of confession and statements.Section 174 Police to enquire and report on suicide etc.Section 177 Ordinary place of inquiry and trialSection 178 Place of inquiry or trialSection 179 Offences trial where act is done or consequence ensuresSection 180 Place of trial where act is an offence by reason of relation to other offences.Section 181 Place of trial in case of certain offencesSection 183 Offences committed on journey or voyageSection 62 Summons how served.Section 64 Service when persons summoned cannot be found.Section 66 Service on government servant.Section 72 Warrant to whom directed.Section 74 Warrant directed to Police Officer.Section 77 Where warrant may be executed.Section 43 Penalty and Compensation for damage to computer, computer system, etc.Section 43A Compensation for failure to protect data.Section 65 Tampering with computer source documents.Section 66 Computer related offencesSection 66B Punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device.Section 66C Punishment for identity theft.Section 66D Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resources.Section 66E Punishment for violation of privacy.Section 66F Punishment for cyber terrorism.Section 67 Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form.Section 67A Punishment for publishing or transmitting material containing sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 67B Punishment for publishing or transmitting material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc in electronic formSection 72 Penalty for breach of confidentiality and privacy.Section 77B Offences with 3 years imprisonment to be bailable.Chapter I Short title, extent and commencementSec 25- Punishment for allowing premises etc. to be used for commission of an offenceSec 27- Punishment for consumption of Narcotic drug or psychotropic substancesSec 28- Punishment for attempt to commit offencesSec 31 A- Death penalty for certain offences after previous convictionSec 37. Offences to be cognizable and non-bailableSec 68 F Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired propertySection 1 short, title, extend and commencementSection 11 Sexual harassmentSection 12 Punishment for sexual harassment.Section 16 Abetment of an offence.Section 22 Punishment for false complaint or false information.Section 23 Procedure for media.Section 3 Penetrative Sexual AssaultSection 4 Punishment for Penetrative Sexual AssaultSection 7 Sexual assaultSection 8 Punishment for sexual assault.Section 11 Third party information.Section 2(f) InformationSection 8 Exemption from disclosure of informationSection 9 Grounds for rejection to access in certain cases.
ൊപൊതുവിജ്ഞൊനം
Sec 3
ഭരണഘടന നിർമ്മാണ സമിതി, ആമുഖം, പൗരത്വം- മൗലികാവകാശങ്ങൾ- നിർദ്ദേശക തത്വങ്ങൾ- മൗലിക കടമകൾ, ഗവൺമെന്റിന്റെ ഘടകങ്ങൾ, പ്രധാനപ്പെട്ട ഭരണ ഘടനാ ഭേദഗതികൾ(42, 44, 52, 73, 74, 86, 91), പഞ്ചായത്തീരാജ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങളും അവയുടെ ചുമതലകളും- യൂണിയൻ ലിസ്റ്റ്- സ്റ്റേറ്റ് ലിസ്റ്റ്- കൺകറന്റ് ലിസ്റ്റ്.പ്രശസ്തമായ സ്ഥലങ്ങൾപ്രശസ്തമായ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങൾപ്രശസ്തരായ എഴുത്തുകാർപ്രശസ്തരായ കലാകാരന്മാർപ്രശസ്തരായ വ്യക്തികൾേകരളത്തിലെ പ്രധാന ദൃശ്യ-ശ്രാവ്യകലകൾ ഇവയുടെ ഉത്ഭവം, വ്യാപനം, പരിശീലനം എന്നിവഇതര വസ്തുതകൾഇന്ത്യയുടെ ശ്രദ്ധേയമായ പ്രകടനംരാജ്യങ്ങൾവേദികൾഅടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങൾഒളിമ്പിക്സിൽ ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ശ്രദ്ധേയമായ പ്രകടനങ്ങൾപാരാ ഒളിമ്പിക്സ്പ്രധാന വേദികൾ/ രാജ്യങ്ങൾപ്രശസ്തമായ വിജയങ്ങൾ / കായിക താരങ്ങൾവിന്റർ ഒളിമ്പിക്സ്ഓരോ രാജ്യത്തിന്റെയും ദേശീയ കായിക ഇനങ്ങൾ / വിനോദങ്ങൾകളികളുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട പ്രധാന പദങ്ങൾകായികരംഗത്ത് വ്യക്തിമുദ്രപതിപ്പിച്ച കേരളത്തിലെയും ഇന്ത്യയിലെയും ലോകത്തിലെയും പ്രധാന കായികതാരങ്ങൾ, അവരുടെ കായിക ഇനങ്ങൾ, അവരുടെ നേട്ടങ്ങൾ, അവർക്ക് ലഭിച്ചിട്ടുള്ള ബഹുമതികൾ.താരങ്ങൾ, നേട്ടങ്ങൾദേശീയ ഗെയിംസ്പ്രധാന അവാർഡുകൾ - അവാർഡ് ജേതാക്കൾ - ഓരോ അവാർഡും ഏത് മേഖലയിലെ പ്രകടനത്തിനാണ് നൽകുന്നത് എന്ന അറിവ്.പ്രധാന കായിക ഇനങ്ങൾ - പങ്കെടുക്കുന്ന കളിക്കാരുടെ എണ്ണം.പ്രധാന ട്രോഫികൾ - ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട മത്സരങ്ങൾ/ കായിക ഇനങ്ങൾ.േകരളത്തിലെ പ്രധാന ആഘോഷങ്ങൾ, ആഘോഷങ്ങളുമായി ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട സ്ഥലങ്ങൾ പ്രശസ്തമായ ഉത്സവങ്ങൾ.േകരളത്തിലെ സാംസ്കാരിക കേന്ദ്രങ്ങൾ, ആരാധനാലയങ്ങൾ, സാംസ്കാരിക നായകർ, അവരുടെ സംഭാവനകൾഎഴുത്തുകാർ - തൂലികാനാമങ്ങൾ, അപരനാമങ്ങൾഓരോ പ്രസ്ഥാനത്തിലെയും പ്രധാനകൃതികളും അവയുടെ കർത്താക്കളുംകഥാപാത്രങ്ങൾ - കൃതികൾജ്ഞാനപീഠം നേടിയ മലയാളികൾ - അനുബന്ധ വസ്തുതകൾഅവാർഡിനർഹരായ എഴുത്തുകാർകൃതികൾപ്രശസ്തമായ വരികൾ - കൃതികൾ - എഴുത്തുകാർമലയാള പത്രപ്രവർത്തനത്തിന്റെ ആരംഭം, തുടക്കം കുറിച്ചവർ, ആനുകാലികങ്ങൾമലയാള സിനിമയുടെ ഉത്ഭവം, വളർച്ച, നാഴികക്കല്ലുകൾ, പ്രധാന സംഭാവനനൽകിയവർ, മലയാള സിനിമയും ദേശീയ അവാർഡും.മലയാളത്തിലെ പ്രധാന സാഹിത്യ പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ - ആദ്യകൃതികൾ, കർത്താക്കൾഇനയ: രാഷ്ട്രീയ ചരിത്രം- ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് ആധിപത്യം- ഒന്നാം സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യസമരം- ഇന്ത്യൻ നാഷണൽ കോൺഗ്രസിന്റെ രൂപീകരണം- സ്വദേശി പ്രസ്ഥാനം- സാമൂഹ്യപരിഷ്കരണ പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ- വർത്തമാനപത്രങ്ങൾ- സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യസമരചരിത്രകാലത്തെ സാഹിത്യവും കലയും- സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യ സമരവും മഹാത്മാഗാന്ധിയും- ഇന്ത്യയുടെ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യാനന്തര കാലഘട്ടം- സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങളുടെ പുന:സംഘടന- ശാസ്ത്ര വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ സാങ്കേതിക മേഖലയിലെ പുരോഗതി- വിദേശ നയം.മാർതാണ്ഡവർമ മുതൽ ശ്രീചിത്തിരതിരുനാൾ വരെ തിരുവിതാംകൂറിന്റെ ചരിത്രം- സാമൂഹ്യ, മത, നവോത്ഥാന പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ- കേരളത്തിലെ ദേശീയ പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ- കേരള ചരിത്രത്തിന്റെ സാഹിത്യ സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ- ഐക്യകേരള പ്രസ്ഥാനം- 1956-ന് ശേഷമുള്ള കേരളത്തിന്റെ സാമൂഹ്യരാഷ്ടീയ ചരിത്രം.േകരളം- യൂറോപ്യൻമാരുടെ വരവ്- യൂറോപ്യൻമാരുടെ സംഭാവനേലാകം: - ഇംഗ്ലണ്ടിലെ മഹത്തായ വിപ്ലവം(Great Revolution) - അമേരിക്കൻ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യ സമരം- ഫ്രഞ്ച് വിപ്ലവം- റഷ്യൻ വിപ്ലവം- ചൈനീസ് വിപ്ലവം- രണ്ടാം ലോക മഹായുദ്ധാനന്തര രാഷ്ട്രീയ ചരിത്രം- ഐക്യരാഷ്ട്രസംഘടന, മറ്റ് അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര സംഘടനകൾഅടിസ്ഥാന ആരോഗ്യ വിജ്ഞാനംജീവകങ്ങളും ധാതുക്കളും അവയുടെ അപര്യാപ്താ രോഗങ്ങളുംജീവിതശൈലീ രോഗങ്ങൾപരിസ്ഥിതിയും പരിസ്ഥിതി പ്രശ്നങ്ങളുംമനുഷ്യ ശരീരത്തെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള പൊതു അറിവ്സാംക്രമിക രോഗങ്ങളും രോഗകാരികളുംേകരളത്തിലെ ആരോഗ്യക്ഷേമ പ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾഇനയ: സാമ്പത്തിക രംഗം, പഞ്ചവത്സര പദ്ധതികൾ, പ്ലാനിംഗ് കമ്മീഷൻ, നീതി ആയോഗ്, നവസാമ്പത്തിക പരിഷ്കാരങ്ങൾ, ധനകാര്യ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങൾ, കാർഷികവിളകൾ, ധാതുക്കൾ, ഹരിതവിപ്ലവം.ഇനയ: ഭൂപകൃതി- സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ അവയുടെ സവിശേഷതകൾ- ഉത്തരപർവത മേഖല, നദികൾ, ഉത്തരമഹാസമുദ്രം, ഉപദ്വീപീയ പീഠഭൂമി, തീരദേശം, – കാലാവസ്ഥ സ്വാഭാവിക സസ്യപ്രകൃതി- കൃഷി- ധാതുക്കളും വ്യവസായവും- ഊർജ്ജസ്രോതസ്സുകൾ- റോഡ്- ജല- റെയിൽ- വ്യോമ ഗതാഗതസംവിധാനങ്ങൾഭൂമിശാസ്ത്രത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാന തത്വങ്ങൾ- ഭൂമിയുടെ ഘടന അന്തരീക്ഷം, പാറകൾ, ഭൗമോപരിതലം, അന്തരീക്ഷ മർദ്ദവും കാറ്റും, താപനിലയും ഋതുക്കളും, ആഗോളപ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ- ആഗോളതാപനം- വിവിധതരം മലിനീകരണങ്ങൾ, മാപ്പുകൾ- ടോപ്പോഗ്രാഫിക് മാപ്പുകൾ, അടയാളങ്ങൾ, വിദൂരസംവേദനം- ഭൂമിശാസ്ത്രപരമായ വിവരസംവിധാനം, മഹാസമുദ്രങ്ങൾ, സമുദ്രചലനങ്ങൾ, ഭൂഖണ്ഡങ്ങൾ, ലോകരാഷ്ട്രങ്ങളും അവയുടെ സവിശേഷതകളുംേകരളം: ഭൂപകൃതി- ജില്ലകൾ, സവിശേഷതകൾ- നദികൾ- –കാലാവസ്ഥ സ്വാഭാവിക സസ്യപ്രകൃതി- വന്യജീവി- കൃഷിയും ഗവേഷണ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങളും- ധാതുക്കളും വ്യവസായവും- ഊർജ്ജ സ്രോതസ്സുകൾ- റോഡ്- ജല- റെയിൽ- വ്യോമ ഗതാഗതസംവിധാനങ്ങൾഗുരുത്വാകർഷണം - അഭികേന്ദ്ര ബലം, അപകേന്ദ്രബലം, ഉപഗ്രഹങ്ങൾ – പാലായന പ്രവേഗം, പിണ്ഡവും ഭാരവും - 'g' യുടെ മൂല്യം - ഭൂമിയുടെ വിവിധസ്ഥലങ്ങളിൽ 'g'യുടെ മൂല്യം.ചലനം - ന്യൂട്ടന്റെ ചലന നിയമങ്ങൾ - മൂന്നാം ചലന നിയമം - ആക്കം - പ്രൊജക്ടൈൽ മോഷൻ – മൂന്നാം ചലന നിയമം ഉപയോഗപ്പെടുത്തുന്ന സന്ദർഭങ്ങൾ, ISRO യുടെ ബഹിരാകാശ നേട്ടങ്ങൾ.താപം - താപനില - വിവിധതരം തെർമോമീറ്ററുകൾ, ആർദ്രത -ആപേക്ഷിക ആർദ്രത.പ്രകാശം - ലെൻസ്, ദർപ്പണം - r=2f എന്ന സമവാക്യം ഉപയോഗപ്പെടുത്തിയുള്ള ഗണിതപ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, പ്രകാശത്തിന്റെ വിവിധ പ്രതിഭാസങ്ങൾ – മഴവിൽ - വസ്തുക്കളുടെ വിവിധ വർണ്ണങ്ങൾ , ഇലക്ട്രോമാഗ്നറ്റിക് സ്പെക്ട്രം- IR Rays – UV Rays – X-Rays- ഫോട്ടോ ഇലക്ട്രിക് ഇഫക്റ്റ് .പ്രവർത്തി - ഊർജ്ജം - പവർ – ഗണിത പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ, ഉത്തോലകങ്ങൾ, വിവിധതരം ഉത്തോലകങ്ങൾ.ബലം - വിവിധ തരം ബലങ്ങൾ - ഘർഷണം - ഘർഷണത്തിന്റെ ഉപയോഗങ്ങളും ദോഷങ്ങളും, ദ്രാവക മർദ്ദം - പ്ലവകമ ബലം - ആർക്കിമിഡീസ് തത്വം - പാസ്ക്കൽ നിയമം - സാന്ദ്രത – ആപേക്ഷിക സാന്ദ്രത - അഡ്ഹിഷൻ കോഹീഷൻ ബലങ്ങൾ – കേശിക ഉയർച്ച – വിസ്കസ് ബലം - പ്രതല ബലം.ഭൗതിക ശാസ്ത്രത്തിന്റെ ശാഖകൾ, ദ്രവ്യം - യൂണിറ്റ്, അളവുകളും തോതും.ശബ്ദം - വിവിധ തരം തരംഗങ്ങൾ – വ്യത്യസ്ത മാധ്യമങ്ങളിൽ പ്രകാശത്തിന്റെ പ്രവേഗം, അനുരണനം, ആവർത്തന പ്രതിപതനം.ആറ്റം - തന്മാത്ര - ദ്രവ്യത്തിന്റെ വിവിധ അവസ്ഥകൾ -രൂപാന്തരത്വം - വാതക നിയമങ്ങൾ – അക്വാറീജിയ.മൂലകങ്ങൾ – ആവർത്തനപ്പട്ടിക - ലോഹങ്ങളും അലോഹങ്ങളും - രാസ - ഭൗതിക മാറ്റങ്ങൾ - രാസപ്രവർത്തനങ്ങൾ – ലായനികൾ, മിശ്രിതങ്ങൾ, സംയുക്തങ്ങൾ.ലോഹങ്ങൾ - അലോഹങ്ങൾ – ലോഹസങ്കരങ്ങൾ, ആസിഡും ആൽക്കലിയും - pH മൂല്യം - ആൽക്കലോയിഡുകൾ.േകരളം- സംസ്ഥാന സിവിൽ സർവീസ്, ഭരണഘടനാ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങൾ, വിവിധ കമ്മീഷനുകൾ, സാമൂഹിക സാമ്പത്തിക വാണിജ്യ ആസൂത്രണ അടിസ്ഥാന വിവരങ്ങൾ, ദുരന്ത നിവാരണ അതോറിറ്റി, തണ്ണീർത്തട സംരക്ഷണം, തൊഴിലും ജോലിയും, ദേശീയ ഗ്രാമീണ തൊഴിൽ പദ്ധതികൾ, ഭൂപരിഷ്കരണങ്ങൾ, സ്ത്രീകൾ, കുട്ടികൾ, മുതിർന്ന പൗരന്മാർ എന്നിവരുടെ സംരക്ഷണം, സാമൂഹ്യക്ഷേമം, സാമൂഹ്യ സുരക്ഷിതത്വം
പാേദശിക ഭാഷകള
Sec 4
AntonymsCorrect SentenceEquivalent WordFeminine Gender, Masculine GenderIdioms and ProverbsJoin the WordNumberOne Word / Single Word / One Word SubstitutionSort and WriteSynonymsTranslationWord Purity / Correct WordAdding PhrasesAntonyms / OppositeCorrect Structure of SentenceCorrect WordEqual WordGender Classification – Feminine, MasculineJoin the WordPhrases and ProverbsSeparateSingle WordSingular, PluralSynonymsTranslationഒറ്റപ്പദംഘടക പദം (വാക്യം ചേർത്തുക)ചേർത്തുകപദശുദ്ധിപരിഭാഷപര്യായംപിരിച്ചെഴുതൽവചനംവാക്യശുദ്ധിവിപരീത പദംശൈലികൾ പഴഞ്ചൊല്ലുകൾസമാനപദംസ്ത്രീലിംഗം പുല്ലിംഗം
ലഘുഗണിതവും, മാനസിക ശേഷിയും നിരീക്ഷണപാടവ പരിശോധനയും
Sec 5
ഒറ്റയാനെ കണ്ടെത്തുക (Odd man out)കലണ്ടറും തീയതിയും (Date and Calendar)കുടുംബ ബന്ധങ്ങൾ (Family Relations)കോഡിംഗും ഡീകോഡിംഗും (Coding and De Coding)ക്ലറിക്കൽ ശേഷി പരിശോധിക്കുന്നതിനുള്ള ചോദ്യങ്ങൾ (Clerical Ability)ക്ലോക്കിലെ സമയവും കോണളവും (Time and Angles)ക്ലോക്കിലെ സമയവും പ്രതിബിംബവും (Time in a clock and its reflection)ഗണിത ചിഹ്നങ്ങൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ചുള്ള പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾ (Problems on Mathematics Signs)ദിശാവബോധം (Sense of Direction)ശ്രേണികൾ സംഖ്യാ ശ്രേണികൾ, അക്ഷര ശ്രേണികൾ (Series)സംഖ്യാവലോകന പ്രശ്നങ്ങൾസമാന ബന്ധങ്ങൾ (Analogy- Word Analogy, Alphabet Analogy, Number Analogy)സ്ഥാന നിർണയ പരിശോധനഅംശബന്ധവും അനുപാതവും (Ratio and Proportion)കൃത്യംഗങ്ങൾ (Laws of Exponents)ജ്യാമിതീയ രൂപങ്ങളുടെ ചുറ്റളവ്, വിസ്തീർണ്ണം, വ്യാപ്തം തുടങ്ങിയവ (Mensuration)പ്രോഗ്രഷനുകൾ (Progressions)ഭിന്നസംഖ്യകളും ദശാംശ സംഖ്യകളും (Fraction and Decimal Numbers)ലാഭവും നഷ്ടവും (Profit and Loss)ശതമാനം (Percentage)ശരാശരി (Average)സംഖ്യകളും അടിസ്ഥാന ക്രിയകളും (Numbers and Basic Operations)സമയവും ദൂരവും (Time and Distance)സമയവും പ്രവർത്തിയും (Time and Work)സാധാരണ പലിശയും കൂട്ടുപലിശയും (Simple and Compound Interest)
Administrative
100 Marks
Degree Level Common Preliminary Examination
The Kerala PSC Degree Level Preliminary Examination is an entry-level screening test conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission (Kerala PSC) for graduates aspiring to various government job opportunities in Kerala, including posts like Secretariat Assistant, Sub Inspector of Police, Municipal Secretary, and Divisional Accountant.
75m
4s
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Syllabus Explorer
General Knowledge
Sec 1
Current Affairs related to relevant topicപ്രശ്സ്തമായ സ്ഥലങ്ങള്പ്രശ്സ്തമായ സ്ഥാപനങ്ങള്പ്രശ്സ്തരായ എഴുത്തുകാര്പ്രശ്സ്തരായ കലാകാരന്മാര്പ്രശ്സ്തരായ വ്യക്തിലകള്േകരളത്തിലെല പ്രധാന ദൃശ്യ-ശ്രാവ്യകലകള് ഇവ്യുടെടെ ഉദ്ഭവ്ം, വ്യാപനം, പരിലശ്ീലനം എന്നിലവ്െകാണ്ട്ഇതര വ്സതകള്ഇന്ത്യയുടെടെ ശ്രേദയമായ പ്രകടെനംരാജയങ്ങള്േവ്ദിലകള്അടെിലസ്ഥാന വ്ിലവ്രങ്ങള്ഒളിലമിലകിലല ഇന്ത്യയുടെടെ ശ്രേദയമായ പ്രകടെനങ്ങള്പാര ഒളിലമിലക്പ്രധാന േവ്ദിലകള്/ രാജയങ്ങള്പ്രശ്സ്തമായ വ്ിലജയങ്ങള്/ കായിലക താരങ്ങള്വ്ിലനര് ഒളിലമിലക്ഓേരാ രാജയത്തിലേനയുടം േദശ്ീയ കായിലക ഇനങ്ങള്/ വ്ിലേനാദങ്ങള്കളിലകളമായില ബനെപ്പട്ട പ്രധാന പദങ്ങള്(Terms)കായിലകരംഗത്ത് വ്യക്തിലമുദ്രപതിലപ്പിലച്ച േകരളത്തിലേലയുടം ഇന്ത്യയിലേലയുടം േലാകത്തിലേലയുടം പ്രധാന കായിലകതാരങ്ങള്, അവ്രുടെടെ കായിലക ഇനങ്ങള്, അവ്രുടെടെ േനട്ടങ്ങള്, അവ്ര്ക്ക് ലഭിലച്ചിലട്ടുള്ള ബഹുമതിലകള്.ഗയിലംസ് ഇനങ്ങള്- മതരങ്ങള് - താരങ്ങള്, േനട്ടങ്ങള്പ്രധാന കായിലക ഇനങ്ങള്- പെങടകന്ന കളിലക്കാരുടെടെ എണം.പ്രധാന േടാഫിലകള്- ബനെപ്പട്ട മതരങ്ങള്/ കായിലക ഇനങ്ങള്.പ്രധാനഅവ്ാര്ഡകള്- അവ്ാര്ഡ്േജതാക്കള്- ഓേരാഅവ്ാര്ഡം ഏതേമഖലയിലെല പ്രകടെനത്തിലനാണ് നലന്നത് എന്ന അറിലവ്്.േദശ്ീയ ഗയിലംസ്(National Games)േകരളത്തിലെല സാംസാരിലക േകനങ്ങള്, ആരാധനാലയങ്ങള്, സാംസാരിലക നായകര്, അവ്രുടെടെ സംഭാവ്നകള്േകരളത്തിലെലപ്രധാനആേഘാഷങ്ങള്, ആേഘാഷങ്ങളമായിലബനെപ്പട്ട സ്ഥലങ്ങള് പ്രശ്സ്തമായ ഉതവ്ങ്ങള്.എഴുത്തുകാര്- തലിലകാനാമങ്ങള്, അപരനാമങ്ങള്ഓേരാ പ്രസ്ഥാനത്തിലേലയുടം പ്രധാനകൃതിലകള് അവ്യുടെടെ കര്ത്താക്കള്കഥാപാതങ്ങള്- കൃതിലകള്ജാനപീഠം േനടെിലയ മലയാളിലകള്- അനബന വ്സതകള്അവ്ാര്ഡിലനര്ഹരായ എഴുത്തുകാര്കൃതിലകള്പ്രശ്സ്തമായ വ്രിലകള്- കൃതിലകള്- എഴുത്തുകാര്മലയാള പതപ്രവ്ര്ത്തനത്തിലെന ആരംഭം, തടെക്കം കറിലച്ചവ്ര്, ആനകാലിലകങ്ങള്മലയാളത്തിലെല പ്രധാന സാഹിലതയ പ്രസ്ഥാനങ്ങള് - ആദയകൃതിലകള്, കര്ത്താക്കള്മലയാളസിലനിലമയുടെടെഉദ്ഭവ്ം, വ്ളര്ച്ച, നാഴിലകക്കലകള്, പ്രധാന സംഭാവ്നനലിലയവ്ര്, മലയാള സിലനിലമയുടം േദശ്ീയ അവ്ാര്ഡം.Network Devices – Media, Switch, Hub, Router, Bridge, Gateway (Uses of each)Types of networks – LAN, WAN, MAN (Features and application area)Current Affairs related to relevant topicIT Act and Other laws (Awareness level)Types of crimes (Awareness level)Input Devices (Names and uses)Memory devices - Primary and Secondary (Examples, Features)Output Devices (Names and uses/features)Services – WWW, E-mail, Search engines (Examples and purposes)Social Media (Examples and features)Web Designing – Browser, HTML (Basics only)Basics of programming – Types of instructions (Input, Output, Store, Control transfer) (Languages need not be considered)Classification – System software and Application softwareOperating System – Functions and examplesPopular Application software packages – Word processors, Spreadsheets, Database packages, Presentation, Image editors (Uses, features and fundamental concepts of each)Current Affairs related to relevant topicPublic Administration – Bureaucracy –Features and Function – Indian Civil Service – State Civil Service – E_Governance – Information Commission and Right to information Act – Lokpal & Lokayuktha - Government – Executive, Judiciary, Legislature. Election – Political Parties. Human Rights – Human Rights Organizations. Act and Rules regarding Consumer Protection, Watershed Management – Labour and Employment, National Rural Employment Policies, Land Reforms, Protection of women, Children, and Old age People, Social Welfare, Social Security. Socio-Economic Statistical DataCurrent Affairs related to relevant topicNational Income - Per Capital Income – Factors of Production- Economic Sectors of Production – Indian Economic Planning- Five Year Plans- NITI Aayog – Types and Functions of Economic Institutions – Reserve Bank & Functions – Public revenue – Tax and Non Tax revenue – Public Expenditure – Budget – Fiscal Policy – Consumer Protection & RightsBasics of Geography – Earth Structure – Atmosphere –Rocks – Landforms- Pressure Belt and Winds- Temperature and Seasons- Global Issues- Global warming- various forms of Pollutions – Maps- Topographic Maps and Signs – Remote Sensing – Geographic Information System-Oceans and its various movements – Continents – World Nations and its specific featuresCurrent Affairs related to relevant topicINDIA – Physiography- States and Its features- Northern Mountain Region – Rivers- Northern Great Plain – Peninsular Plateau- Costal Plain – Climate – Natural Vegetation- Agriculture – Minerals and Industries- Energy Sources- Transport system – Road- Water- Railway- AirKerala- – Physiography- Districts and Its features- Rivers- Climate – Natural Vegetation- Wild life- Agriculture and research centers – Minerals and Industries- Energy Sources- Transport system – Road- Water- Railway- AirCurrent Affairs related to relevant topicINDIA – Medieval India – Political History-Administrative reforms- Contributions – Establishment of the British- First War of Independence – Formation of INC- Swadeshi Movement- Social Reform movement- Newspapers - Literature and Art during the freedom struggle –Independent Movement & Mahathma Gandhi- Extremist Movement in India – India’s independent- Post independent period-State reorganization – Development in Science, Education, and Technology – Foreign policy- Political History after 1951KERALA - Arrival of Europeans-Contributions of Europeans- History of Travancore from Marthanda Varma to Sree Chithirathirunnal- Social and Religious Reform movement- National movement in Kerala- Literary Sources of Kerala History- United Keala Movement- Political and Social History of Kerala after 1956WORLD – Great revolution in England- American War of Independence – French revolution- Russian Revolution – Chinese revolution- Political History after second World war- UNO and other International OrganizationConstituent Assembly – Preamble - Fundamental Rights – Directive principles – Fundamental Duties – Citizenship – Constitutional Amendments – Panchayath Raj – Constitutional Institutions and their Functions - Emergency- Union List- State List – Concurrent ListCurrent Affairs related to relevant topicCurrent Affairs related to relevant topicEnergy requirement and efficiency: India's existing energy needs and deficit, India's energy resources and dependence, Renewable and Non-renewable energy resources, Energy Policy of India – Govt. Policies and Programmes, Energy Security and Nuclear Policy of India.Environmental Science : Issues and concerns related to environment, its legal aspects, policies and treaties for the protection of environment at the National and the International level, Environment protection for sustainable development. Biodiversity – its importance and concerns, Climate change, International initiatives (Policies, Protocols) and India's commitment, Western Ghats, Features, Characteristics and issues. Forest and wildlife – Legal framework for Forest and Wildlife Conservation in India. Environmental Hazards, Pollution, Carbon Emission, Global Warming. Developments in Biotechnology, Green Technology and Nanotechnology.Science and Technology: Nature and scope of Science and Technology, Relevance of S&T, National policy on S&T and innovations, Basics of everyday science, Human body, Public Health and Community Medicine, Food and Nutrition, Health Care. Institutes and Organization in India promoting integration of S&T and Innovation, their activities and contributions, Contribution of Prominent Indian Scientists.Technology in Space and Defence: Evolution of Indian Space Programme, ISRO – it's activities and achievements, various Satellite Programmes – DRDO-vision, mission and activities.
General English
Sec 2
Active and Passive voiceAgreement of Subject and Verb.Articles - Definite and Indefinite Articles.Correction of SentencesDegrees of ComparisonDifferent Parts of Speech.Direct and Indirect SpeechInfinitive and GerundsPrepositionsQuestion TagsTensesTenses in Conditional SentencesThe Use of CorrelativesTypes of Sentences and Interchange of Sentences.Uses of Primary and Modal Auxiliary VerbsAntonymsCompound wordsExpansion and meaning of Common AbbreviationsForeign Words and PhrasesIdioms and their MeaningsOne Word SubstitutesPhrasal VerbsSingular & Plural, Change of Gender, Collective NounsSpelling TestSynonymsWord formation from other words and use of prefix or suffixWords often confused
Regional Language
Sec 3
AntonymsCorrect SentenceEquivalent WordFeminine Gender, Masculine GenderIdioms and ProverbsJoin the WordNumberOne Word / Single Word / One Word SubstitutionSort and WriteSynonymsTranslationWord Purity / Correct Wordഒറ്റപ്പദംഘടെക പദം (വ്ാകയം േചര്െത്തഴുതക)പദശുദിലപരയായംപരിലഭാഷപിലരിലെച്ചഴുതലവ്ചനംവ്ാകയശുദിലവ്ിലപരീത പദംസമാനപദംസ്ത്രീലിലംഗം പുല്ലിലംഗംേചര്െത്തഴുതകൈശ്ലിലകള് പഴെഞ്ചാലകള്Adding PhrasesAntonyms / OppositeCorrect Structure of SentenceCorrect WordEqual WordGender Classification – Feminine, MasculineJoin the WordPhrases and ProverbsSeparateSingle WordSingular, PluralSynonymsTranslation
Simple Arithmetic, Mental Ability and Reasoning
Sec 4
ഒറ്റയാെന കെണ്ടത്തുക (Odd man out)കടംബ ബനങ്ങള് (Family Relations)കലണ്ടറും തീയതിലയുടം (Date and Calendar)ക്ല റ ില ക്ക ല േശ് ഷ ില പരില േശ്ാ ധ ില ക ന്ന ത ില ന ള്ള േചാ ദ യ ങ്ങ ള് (Clerical Ability)ഗണിലത ചിലഹ്നങ്ങള് ഉപേയാഗിലച്ചുള്ള പ്രശ്നങ്ങള് (Problems on Mathematics Signs)ദിലശ്ാവ്േബാധം ( Sense of Direction)സംഖയാവ്േലാകന പ്രശ്നങ്ങള്സമാന ബനങ്ങള് (Analogy- Word Analogy, Alphabet Analogy, Number Analogy)സ്ഥാന നിലര്ണയ പരിലേശ്ാധനേകാഡിലംഗും ഡീേകാഡിലംഗും (Coding and De Coding)േക്ലാക്കിലെല സമയവും പ്രതിലബിലംബവും (Time in a clock and its reflection)േക്ലാക്കിലെല സമയവും േകാണളവും (Time and Angles)േശ്രണിലകള് സംഖയാ േശ്രണിലകള്, അക്ഷര േശ്രണിലകള് (Series)അംശ്ബനവും അനപാതവും (Ratio and Proportion)കൃതയങങ്ങള് (Laws of Exponents)ജയാമിലതീയ രൂപങ്ങളെടെ ചുറ്റളവ്്, വ്ിലസ്തീര്ണം, വ്യാപ്തം തടെങ്ങിലയവ് (Mensuration)ഭിലന്നസംഖയകളം ദശ്ാംശ് സംഖയകളം (Fraction and Decimal Numbers)ലാഭവും നഷ്ടവും (Profit and Loss)ശ്തമാനം (Percentage)ശ്രാശ്രില (Average)സംഖയകളം അടെിലസ്ഥാന ക്രിലയകളം (Numbers and Basic Operations)സമയവും ദൂരവും (Time and Distance)സമയവും പ്രവൃത്തിലയുടം (Time and Work)സാധാരണ പലിലശ്യുടം കൂട്ടുപലിലശ്യുടം (Simple and Compound Interest)േപ്രാേഗ്രേഷനകള് (Progressions)
Technical
100 Marks
Motor Transport Sub Inspector (Trainee)
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for the post of Motor Transport Sub Inspector (Trainee) in the Police (Motor Transport Wing) Department, requiring specialized knowledge in Mechanical and Automobile Engineering.
75m
2s
#kerala-psc#automobile-engineering#mechanical-engineering#police#technical
Syllabus Explorer
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Sec 1
ALLOWANCES ON PATTERNCLASSIFICATION OF GAUGESCOMPARATORSDEFECTS OF WELDINGFITTINGFORGING OPERATIONSFOUNDRYGAS WELDINGHeat treatmentLATHEMEASURING INSTRUMENTSMETAL CUTTINGMETALS AND ALLOYSPROPERTIES OF MATERIALSTESTING OF MATERIALSWELDINGFLUID PRESSURE AND ITS MEASUREMENTSFRICTIONLOSSES OF HEAD IN PIPESNOTCHESORIFICESPROPERTIES OF FLUIDSPUMPSSTRESS AND STRAINBOILERCLASSIFICATION OF COOLING SYSTEMSDIFFERENT TYPES OF OWNERSHIPDifferentiate IC and EC engine, working four stroke petrol and diesel engine, two stroke petrol and diesel engine, comparison of petrol and diesel engine, comparison of four stroke and two stroke engine. Functions of carburetor and fuel injector.FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICSGOVERNING OF IC ENGINESINCENTIVESMANAGEMENTOBJECTIVES OF TRAININGORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTUREPOWER PLANTSPROPERTIES OF STEAMREFRIGERATIONRENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGYSTEAM CONDENSERSTRANSMISSION SYSTEMSWAGES
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Sec 2
Constructional details of IC EnginesFuel SystemLubrication and Cooling SystemBrake SystemChassis and frameSteering SystemSuspension SystemElectrical SystemTransmission systemWheelsAutomobile pollution and controlFuel injection system in Petrol engine and Diesel engineModern vehicle accessories and safety devicesTransportation Management
Medical
100 Marks
Assistant Professor in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
The Kerala Public Service Commission recruits Assistant Professors in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation for the Medical Education Department.
75m
0s
#kerala-psc#medical-education#assistant-professor#physical-medicine#rehabilitation
Syllabus Explorer
Technical
100 Marks
Research Officer
The Kerala Public Service Commission (KPSC) conducts the Research Officer exam for the State Planning Board. The post requires a Post Graduate Degree in Economics, Statistics, Mathematics, or Commerce.
90m
4s
#kerala-psc#research-officer#economics#statistics#mathematics
Syllabus Explorer
COMMERCE
Sec 1
Need for coordination – types and techniques for co-ordination – communication channels – role of coordination in organization performance – controlling - features of controlling function – process of controlling - types – relationship between planning and controlling – TQM.Harrod Domar Model – Kaldor Model – Pasinetti Model – Joan Robinson's Model – Meade's neo-classical Model – Solow Model – Feldman Model – Mahalonabis Model – Growth Models in Indian Planning.Formal and informal organization -span of management – basic departmentation – theories of organization – organization structure types – delegation and decentralization – line and staff authority – committees and group decision making – organisational design and change.Importance -steps in planning process – types of plans - barriers to planning – nature of objectives – MBO – Strategies and policies – strategy formulation and implementation – strategic planning process – strategic planning tools – policies and procedures – planning premises – types of premises – making premising effective – decision making – importance – process of decision making – types – limiting factor – decision making techniques.Meaning of Economic planning – need for planning – requisites for successful planning – plan formulation – types – planning techniques – objectives and achievements – planning strategy – resource mobilization – Five Year Plans – Annual Plans – balanced regional development – planning machinery in India and the States – NITI Aayog – State Plans.
ECONOMICS
Sec 2
Development proposals for various development sectors in Kerala - Agriculture – Irrigation – Watershed development – Animal Husbandry – Fisheries- Industries – Health – Drinking water – infrastructure – Forest – Environment – Mining and Geology - Education – Social Welfare, Women and Child Development – Poverty Resolution – SC & ST's – Tourism – Finance (Case study method).Inter-Tier integration of Backward and Forward linkage of projects of one tier with the other tiers of governance – Mechanism adopted to ensure co-ordination between Gram Panchayats and Block Panchayats - Effectiveness of Grama Panchayat to transform its local resources in projectisation (Case study method).Monitoring and Evaluation mechanism of the schemes at micro level.Needs identification – situation analysis, strategy setting, prioritisation and projectisation, Plan Vetting, Plan approval.Three Tier Governance – Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat and District Panchayat.Vertical and Horizontal integration of Panchayat Raj Institutional plan : Grama Panchayats and Municipalities.12th schedule of the Constitution-Devolution of function-Functionaries – Finance - Freedom of Planning (Participatory) – Local Autonomy.Evolution of decentralised planning-73rd and 74th CAA-Delegation to Devolution.Historical Evolution of Local Governments in Kerala-Important milestones in decentralisation in the post 73rd and 74th Amendment period - Transfer of Responsibilities, personnel and transfer of Resources.Historical Overview-need and objectives of Planning-Types of Planning-Indicative and Perspective Plan-Top down and Bottom up approaches in planning-concept of decentralised planning, Panchayat Raj since independence.Devolution of Functions, Functionaries, Finance and Freedom of planning, Functions - mandatory and Discretionary-obligatory – functional assignments among different tiers of LSGIs – XII Schedule of the constitution – Sector wise distribution of responsibilities.Dual control and job clarity (Case study method).Fiscal Decentralisation – Fiscal devolution – State Finance Commission (SFCs) – Formula – Allocation Appendix IV – other services – Financial planning and Budgeting of tiers of local government, Freedom of Planning – decentralised planning – process of different tiers of the LSGIs – deliberative process – Gramasabha – consultations and discussions – working group functions – situation analysis - Working group reports.Functionaries – transferred from different Line departments to LSGIs - job assignments – duties and responsibilities – issues and challenges.Macro perspectives – Financial Planning at GP level (Case study method), Sources fo financing the plans – Grants in Aid – own fund – State Sponsored Schemes-Centrally sponsored schemes, co-operative finance, Institutional finance, voluntary contribution, benerificiary contribution and others.Advertisement, through Ward Member, Neighbour Hood Self Help Groups (NHGS), Gramasabha – Role of beneficiary and beneficiary committees in Plan implementation, Gramasabha participation.Background of the project – Identification of the target group – Financial analysis – Feasibility studies – Technical analysis-Environmental Impact analysis – Cost benefit analysis – Mode of implementation – implementation plan – Implementing agencies – departments – Officials transferred to LSGIs – Beneficiary groups – NGOs – Activity calender , monitoring :– projection evaluation and review technique (PERT), Monitoring Committee - Transparency and Accountability – Social Auditing, Evaluation: Conventional, Participatory - Concurrent Outcome of the project indicators – quantitative, qualitative, direct, indirect, SMART: (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely) – Impact study-Financial, Economic, Social, cultural, Gender, Environment, Project level Impact – Beneficiary view point – sector level- Agricultural Projects, Irrigation – Animal Husbandry, Sanitation, Drinking Water, Housing, anganvadies, Tribal Sub Plan (Case study method).Problems identification based on felt needs, Types of project social/commercial projects.
MATHEMATICS
Sec 3
First Order PDE - Curves and Surfaces, Genesis of first order PDE, Classifications of integrals-Linear equation of first order- Pfaffian Differential Equations- Compatible systems- Charpits equations, Jacobi’s method.Second order PDE - Classification of second order PDE - One dimensional wave equations-Vibration of finite string - Vibration of semi infinite string - Vibrations of infinite string, Laplace equations – Boundary value problem, Maximum and minimum principles.Series solutions of first order equations - ordinary point - regular singular point - Gauss’s Hype geometric equations-The point at infinity, Chebyshev polynomials.Solving second order Linear Equations- The method of Undetermined coefficients, The method of variation of parameters, The method of successive approximations and Picards Theorem.Special functions - Legendre polynomials - Bessel’s functions - Gamma functions.Hahn-Banach Theorem and Banach Spaces.Normed Spaces and Continuity of Linear maps.Spectrum of a Bounded Operator – Dual and TransposesUniform Bounded Principle – Closed and Open Mapping Theorems, Bounded inverse TheoremsInvariant subspaces, Definition of eigen values and vectors, Polynomials of operators, Upper triangular matrices of linear operators, Equivalent condition for a set of vectors to give an upper triangular operator,Diagonal matrices, Invariant subspaces on real vector spaces.Linear maps, their null spaces and ranges, Operations on linear maps in the set of all linear maps from one space to another , Rank-Nullity Theorem , Matrix of linear map, its invetibilty.Vector spaces: Definition, Examples and properties, Subspaces, Sum and Direct sum of subspaces, Span and linear independence of vectors, Definition of finite dimensional vector spaces, Bases: Definition and existence, Dimension Theorems.Assignment Problems: Standard assignment problems, Hungarian method for solving an assignment problem.Dynamic Programming: Minimum path, Dynamic Programming problems, Computational economy in DP, serial multistage model, Examples of failure, Decomposition, Backward recursion.Kuhn – Tucker Theory and Non-linear Programming: Lagrangian function, saddle point, Kuhn – Tucker conditions, Primal and dual problems, Quadratic Programming.Linear Programming : Formulation of Linear Programming Models, Graphical solution of Linear Programs in two variables, Linear programs in standard form, basic variable, basic solution, basic feasible solution, Solution of Linear Programming problem using simplex method, Big – M simplex method, The two phase simplex method.Project management; Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), Critical Path Method (CPM)Transportation Problems: Linear programming formulation, Initial basic feasible solution, degeneracy in basic feasible solution, Modified distribution method, Optimality test.Functions of Bounded Variation and Rectifiable Curves. Properties of monotonic functions, Functions of bounded variation, Total variation, Additive property of total variation, Total variation on [a,x] as a function of x, Function of bounded variation expressed as the difference of increasing functions, Continuous functions of bounded variation, Curves and paths, Rectifiable paths and arc-length, Additive and continuity of arc length, Equivalence of paths, Change of parameter.Sequences of Functions. Point-wise convergence of sequences of functions, Examples of sequences of real-valued functions, Definition of uniform convergence, Uniform convergence and continuity. The Cauchy condition for uniform convergence, Uniform convergence of infinite series of functions, Uniform convergence and Riemann-Stieltjes integration, Non-uniformly convergent series that can be integrated term by term, Uniform convergence and differentiation, Sufficient conditions for uniform convergence of a series.The Riemann-Stieltjles Integral. The definition of Riemann-Steiltjles integral, Linear properties, Integration by parts, Change of variable in a Riemann –Stieltjes integral, Reduction to a Riemann integral, Step functions as integrators, Reduction of a Riemann-Stieltjes integral to a finite sum, Euler’s summation formula, Monotonically increasing integrators, Upper and lower integrals, Additive and linearity properties of upper and lower integrals, Riemann’s condition, Comparison Theorems, Integrators of bounded variation, Sufficient conditions for the existence of Riemann-Stieltjes integrals, Differentiation under the integral sign.
STATISTICS
Sec 4
Point estimation, Sufficiency and minimal sufficiency, Neyman-Pearson factorization theorem, Exponential family of distributions, Unbiased estimation; Completeness, Basu’s Theorem; UMVUE estimators and their characterizations, Methods of finding UMVUE, Rao-Blackwell and Lehmann-Scheffe theorems, UMVUE estimation of parametric function from standard distributions; Fisher information measure and its properties, Lower bound to the variance of an unbiased estimates, Cramer-Rao inequality. Chapman-Robbin’s bound, Bhattacharya bounds, Efficiency, Consistency; Methods of estimation: Method of moments, Maximum likelihood estimators and their properties, Minimum chi-square and its modification, Least square estimation; Location and scale family of distributions; Elements of Bayesian Inference.Basic concepts in distribution theory, Multinomial and bivariate normal distributions and their properties; Multivariate normal distribution, properties, characteristic function, standard characteristics, marginal and conditional distributions, distribution of linear combinations of normal variates; Distribution of quadratic forms in normal variables, distribution of sums and quotient of independent quadratic forms, Cochran’s theorem; Wishart distribution, partitioned Wishart matrix, Distribution of sample dispersion matrix; Hotelling’s T2, Mahalanobi’s D2; Classification problem- classifying to one of k multivariate normal populations, Bayes solution, Fisher’s discriminant function, principal component analysis; canonical variables and canonical correlations, basics of factor analysis and cluster analysis.Ordered and unordered sampling designs, Probability sampling. Simple random sampling with replacement and without replacement. Procedures of selection, Estimation of population mean, total, proportion and variance. Estimation of standard errors of these estimators. Confidence intervals. Determination of sample size. Quota sampling and Snowball sampling; Sampling with varying probabilities: Probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling, Procedure of selecting a PPS sample with and without replacement. Estimation of population mean, total and variance in PPS sampling with replacement. Des Raj ordered estimator, Murthy’s unordered estimator, Horvitz-Thompson estimator and their estimated standard errors .Yates–Grundy estimator, Midzuno-Sen scheme of sampling, IPPS sampling; Stratified random sampling; Systematic sampling; single start linear systematic sampling and multiple start systematic sampling, Circular systematic sampling, Estimation of population mean using auxiliary information: Ratio estimator and its properties, Regression estimator and its properties, Regression estimator with double sampling. Separate and combined regression estimators; Cluster sampling with equal and unequal clusters. Non-sampling errors, Various factors, methods of reducing non-response.Introduction to Stochastic processes, time and state space, classification of stochastic processes, processes with stationary independent increments, Markov process, renewal process, martingales; Markov chains: Definition, transition probability matrix, n-step transition probability, Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, calculation of n-step transition probability and its limit, classification of states, periodicity, recurrence, ergodic chains; stationary distributions, random walk & gambler’s ruin problem; Poisson process, pure birth process, birth and death processes; Stationary processes, strict and weak stationarity, Time Series Analysis: Decomposition of a Time Series, Measurement of Secular Trend, Seasonal Fluctuations, stationary time series: General linear process, Auto covariance, Auto correlation and their properties, Auto covariance generating function, Stationarity and invertibility conditions, Exponential and moving average smoothing.Neyman-Pearson lemma and its applications, most powerful tests, UMP tests, Unbiasedness, UMPU; LMP, LMPU, tests of hypotheses concerning a real parameter, similar regions, Likelihood ratio tests, asymptotic properties, tests concerning normal distribution (one sample and two samples) and binomial distribution; Sequential procedures, SPRT-Wald’s identity- OC and ASN functions, applications to Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions; Nonparametric tests – Kolmogorov-Smirnov one sample and two sample tests, Sign test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, run test. Median test. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks, Friedman two way analysis of variance by ranks. Kendall’s rank order correlation coefficient and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance as measure of association.
Technical
100 Marks
Technical Assistant
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for Technical Assistant in Kerala Agro Machinery Corporation Limited.
120m
3s
#kerala-psc#mechanical-engineering#automobile-engineering#agricultural-engineering#engineering
Syllabus Explorer
AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
Sec 1
Chassis -Introduction, Constructional details, Types of frame. Frame for 2 wheeler, 3 wheelers, and 4 wheeler, Testing of chassis -Front Axle- Introduction, Types– dead & live axle, trans axles, Construction – material – cross sectionIntroduction - Various components required for a good transmission system. Principle of friction clutches. Constructional features and working of-Single plate dry clutch-Diaphragm clutch, Cone clutchCentrifugal clutch-Semi centrifugal clutch-Vacuum clutch-Hydraulic clutch-Electromagnetic clutch-Overrunning clutches-Multi-plate clutch (dry & wet)-Fluid fly wheel. Clutch disc – constructional details andfunctions of each part, Pressure plate – constructional details and functions of each part. Clutch operating mechanisms.Introduction – Necessity and functions of a gearbox - constructional features & working of – Sliding mesh gearbox-Constant mesh gearbox-Synchro mesh gearbox-Progressive type gearbox – Epicyclic gearbox- Torque converter -Gear selector and shifting mechanisms, 2 Wheeler transmissions-Gear drive, Chain drive-V-matic transmission ,CVT& ECVT-Automatic transmission in cars.Introduction of wheels & tyres-Wheels – wire – spoked wheel, disc wheel, and alloy cast wheel,composite wheel-Wheel specification-Tyres-Tyre specification-Tyre construction(cross sectional details).Tubeless tyre-Tyre treads patterns-Inflation pressure and its effects (both over & under inflation)-Factors affecting tyre performanceIntroduction to Brake Systems-, principle of operation, weight transfer principle, types of brakes–mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, servo brake, Air brake – vacuum brake – fail safe brake – dual brake –anti lock brake, Drum and disc brake system – Internal expanding and externally contracting- Layout of brake system, mechanical Components, hydraulic – master cylinder, types– working principle – wheel cylinder – brake bleeding, brake shoe. Air brake – construction details – working – details components–servo brakes -working of servo brake – types, vacuum and air - disc brake.Introduction to Steering system & steering geometry, Principles of steering, Ackerman , Davis fifth wheel, Steering gear box – types, Worm & roller, worm & sector, Re-circulating ball, Rack & pinion, Steeringlinkages – arrangement – components Power steering – integral – linkage type, Collapsible type steeringcolumn. Wheel alignment – Factors affecting wheel alignment.Introduction to Suspension systems, Types of front suspension for Two, three & four wheeler. Air suspension, Hydro-elastic suspension. Rear Suspension system, Types-.Introduction to springs and Shockabsorbing devices, Types leaf coil, springs & their arrangements, Helper spring, Spring shackle – shacklepin , Telescopic typeShock – absorber, Hydraulic, gas filled type, Mono tube and Twin tube type, Basic suspensionmovements pitching, bouncing, rolling etc.Constructional details of engines: Cylinder block - Single cylinder and multi-cylinder, materials, Water jackets – coolingfins, cylinder liners – wet type and dry type – materials. Cylinder head - Materials,method of fixing the cylinder block, cylinder head gasket, combustion chamber of petrolengines – expansion chambers Pistons - Trunk type pistons, composite pistons – pistonmaterials expansion control in pistons – methods and types of piston -Piston rings - Materials, method of manufacture, types of rings – compression ring, oil ring and special purpose ring Gudgion pin - Types of fastening, material used Connecting rod - Function, materials used big end and small end bearings Crank shaft – different shapes, different crank shaft arrangements Main bearings, Fly wheel functions Types of valves - Poppet, reed valve and disc valve, sodium vapour cooled valves, hydraulic tappet and free valve rotatorsDifferent fuel feed systems, A.C. mechanical pump, S U Electrical pump ,petrol filters and air Cleaners, Carburettors, Simple Carburettors – parts, principle of working, compensation, mixture strength requirement, modern Carburettors, float system, idle and slow speed system, high speed system, Acceleration pump and choke system.Introduction, Types of ignition system – battery coil & magneto – study of coil ignition, Component study of ignition system - Ignition coil, Contact breaker points, Cam angle, Condenser, Distributor, Sparkplug – types, Spark plug specifications, Spark advance & retard mechanism (centrifugal & vacuum),Magneto ignition system - Rotating armature & rotating magnet type, Polar inductor type. C.D. ignition system, Electronic ignition systems, Computer controlled ignition. Distributor less ignition system.Lubrication system: - Properties of lubricating oil, different ratings of lubricating oil, types of engine lubrication- wet and dry sump lubrication, splash and pressure feed systems. Oil pumps – gear type, Vane type, plunger type and lobe type, pressure relief valve, oil pressure indicator Oil coolers, oil filters, oil seals,Crank case ventilation – dilution Cooling system: - Air and water cooling, thermo-syphon and pump circulation system over cooling, under cooling and optimum cooling –Various components in Diesel fuel system – types of fuel injection – air injection and mechanical injection, common rail and unit injection system. Types of combustion chamber in Diesel engines – open, turbulent and pre-combustion chamber, etc Fuel injection – single cylinder and multicylinder. Distributor type pump, rotary type pumps Fuel feed pump and hand priming, diesel fuel filters. Governors – purpose, types – mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic governorsIntroduction to servicing and maintenance of Automobiles - various signs showing the necessity of overhauling engine decarbonizing, vacuum test, compression test and cylinder leakage teat. Causes of excessive lubricating oil consumption. Engine dismantling and assembling. Checking of engine components – causes of cylinder wear- cylinder re boring and honing – linear replacement. Servicing ofvalves. Value adjustment and defects of valves. Piston defects and reconditioning methods. Testing of connecting rods. Defects and reconditioning methods. Measurement of bearing clearance andadjustment of connecting rod bearings. Crank shaft balancing and machining processesServicing of clutch assembly. Fitting of clutch, clutch adjustments. Removal and refitting of trans-axle. Dismantling of propeller shaft and universal joint. Defects in propeller shaft. Servicing of differential andrear axle. Removal of axles in full floating, semi floating and three quarter floating types. Differentialtroubles and adjustments. Tube repair. Causes of tyre wear. Tyre rotation, retreading and balancing of wheels.Servicing of diesel engine – F.I. pump timing and bleeding of diesel fuel system. Testing of Nozzles. Phasing and calibration of F.I. pump. Defects of F.I. pump and Nozzles. Troubles and diagnosis in MPFI and CRDi systems.Servicing of petrol engine – defects in coil ignition system-Testing of ignition system components. Setting of ignition timing-Checking of advancing units. Servicing of spark plug. Trouble shooting of fuel system. Testing of A.C mechanical pump-Tuning of carburettor- Engine tuning
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Sec 2
Types of tillage – Types of tractor drawn implements – Methods of ploughing - Mouldboard plough, its components, uses, adjustments – Disc plough, its components, uses, adjustments – Harrows: types, components and uses – Cultivators: types, components and uses – Puddlers – Bund formers – Rotovators – Sub-soiler - Seed drills: different types, components, seed metering mechanisms, furrow openers, calibration of seed drills - Seed cum fertilizer drill: components, metering mechanisms, furrow openers – Uses of power tillers on farms - Planters: components, uses, different types – Paddy transplanters: types, working, components – Sprayers and dusters: working principle, different types, basic components, type of spray, types of nozzles, types of pumps for spraying, maintenance of sprayers and dusters – Uses and types of Mowers – Reapers: types, components, working, uses – Threshers: types, basic components, working, uses, safety precautions during operation, threshers for different crops – Combine harvesters: types, basic components, working, uses, advantages and disadvantages – Functions and working principle of chaff cutter, forage harvester, potato diggers, groundnut decorticators –Winnowers: types, components, uses – Uses and types of cleaners and graders – Processing machinery for rice: hullers, polishers, grinders - Pumps used on farms, construction and working of centrifugal pumpsSources of farm power – Renewable energy sources and uses farms –Engine power: terminology, calculation and measurement - Power tiller: components, power transmission, clutch, transmission gears, steering clutch / brakes, wheels, power transmission to implements - Tractor: classification of tractors, leading manufacturers, tractor power transmission system, clutch and its types, transmission gears, torque convertor, differential unit and final drive, tractor steering system, braking system, tractor hydraulic system, tractor hitch, PTO, wheels and tyres
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Sec 3
Centrifugal pump - types of casing—piping system of CP—work done- manometric head —efficiencies –discharge –multistage pumps -specific speed of CP-cavitation—priming.– performance curves of centrifugal pumps - comparison of CP & RP –discharge—slip- hydraulic ram—air lift pump—jet pump.Fluid Power– Applications of fluid power – properties of Hydraulic oils -Hydraulic systems- Basic elements – Principles of working of Positive displacement pump – Classifications – Gear pumps- Screw Pump- Vane pumps- Lobe pump. Hydraulic actuators – Classifications – Rotary– Linear motion type – Hydraulic motors –Types of Hydraulic cylinders - single acting- double acting - Hydraulic control elements and components Control valves – Functions – classifications -Hydraulic symbols - Practical applications of hydraulicsImpulse turbines-classification-impulse Turbine-Pelton wheel components - Reaction turbines -components—difference between impulse& reaction—classification of reaction turbines –discharge—power produced-work done—efficiencies—Francis turbine—Kaplan turbine -draft tubes-typesProperties of Fluid- Types of fluids-Ideal- Real- Newtonian and non newtonian – Fluid pressure and its measurement- Fluid pressure at a point – pressure head – Pascal’s law – absolute- gauge- atmospheric and vacuum pressures – measurement of fluid pressure – Piezometer tube – simple manometer – differential manometer – inverted differential manometer –Total pressure – total pressure on immersed surface- Buoyancy –buoyant forces-- Meta centre and meta centric height-– Rate of flow or discharge – equation of continuity of liquid flow – Energy of a liquid in motion – potential energy- kinetic energy- pressure energy- total energy- Total head of liquid in motion – Bernoulli’s equation – assumptions – practical applications of Bernoulli’s equation – Flow through Orifices- Notches- Pipes and Nozzles -Orifices – types of orifices – Vena contracta – coefficient of contraction – coefficient of velocity – coefficient of discharge - Notches – types of notches – loss of head in pipes – major energy losses – minor energy losses – loss of energy due to friction – Darcy’s formula for loss of head in pipes – Chezy’s formula for loss of head in pipesDefinitions of quality- dimensions of quality- ISO 9000 & Installation -Concept and role of ISO 9000, elements of ISO 9000, steps for installation of ISO 9000 - Quality Audit - objectives list the objectives of quality planning Quality management system. TQM - the link between ISO 9000 and TQMImportance of safety in work place -increasing trends in industrial accidents -terminology -factory accident -incident -severity rate -- frequency rate -incidence rate -safety performance index -accident proneness -unsafe acts list the causes of accidents: - Mechanical, Environmental, personnel factors -accident prevention techniques - 4 E'S of accident prevention technique . organizing safety -role of management -safety officers -government norms -factories act of 1948 factories rule 1960 -emergency preparedness and response -precautions to be observed in hazardous situations like toxic ,flammable electrical shock and material handlingPlant location and layout- Factors to be considered in locating industrial plants - plant layout - types of layouts - compare the advantages and disadvantages of each type - factors influencing the plant layout . plant maintenance - types of maintenance –their advantages and disadvantages-cost of maintenance - Material handling -functions and principles of material handling - factors effecting material handlingtypes of material handling equipments.Heat Treatment Processes-Alloys and Phase diagram- types of alloys-Solid solutions- Inter metallic compounds- Mechanical mixture- cooling of alloy- Eutectic- Eutectoid- Peritectic- Peritectoid- Cooling Curve for Pure iron- -iron-carbon equilibrium diagram- constituents of steel from the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram- effect of slow cooling for various composition- TTT diagram-heat treatment process- annealing normalizing- hardening- tempering- martempering- austempering- case hardening (cyaniding- nitriding and carbonizing)-residual stress due to heat treatment- age hardeningMeasuring instruments- precision and non precision instruments- direct reading and indirect measuring instruments- linear measuring instruments-angular measuring instruments and plane surface measuring instruments- line measuring and end measuring devices- Vernier caliper- micrometer (inside, outside, depth and vernier)- vernier height gauge- vernier depth gauge.Metallic and non-metallic properties such as: - Mechanical, physical, and chemical properties Mechanical properties:- strength, hardness, toughness, brittleness, creep, fatigue, stiffness, ductility, malleability, elasticity and plasticity.-Physical properties: - density, viscosity, color, finish, porosity, specific gravity, , fusibility- Thermal properties Magnetic properties- Electrical Properties-Chemical properties: Destructive testing: - tensile and compressive test-Hardness test: -Impact test, Fatigue test and Creep test- Non-destructive testing: - Liquid Penetrant Test (LPT), Radiographic Test (RT), Ultrasonic Testing(UT) -Stress- strain diagram for ductile and brittle materials.Orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting- chip formation -type of chips- cutting speed - feed and depth of cut - tool signature/ nomenclature of the single point cutting tool- properties of various cutting tool materials- machinability- nomenclature of taper shank Twist drill- plain milling cutters. Cutting tool material-lathe -drilling- milling- shaper. Cutting fluids- Lubricants- coolants - requirement- properties- method of application- selection.Welding - classification of welding- advantages and limitation of welding. Arc welding – Principle of arc welding- welded joints - butt- lap –corner-- tee--edge - V- joints- U-joint- symbols as per BIS code. Welding electrodes-selection- Electrode coatings – functions of Electrode coating. Gas welding – Oxy – Acetylene welding- Major advantages and limitations – type of flames –functions and operation of oxy – acetylene cylinders- Defects in welding – causes and remedies of the defects- joints- Soldering and brazing – Comparison between welding- soldering and brazingGears and Gear Trains- Functions of gears - friction wheels - advantages and disadvantages of a gear drive - spur gear nomenclature – Velocity ratio - gear trains - simple gear train - compound gear train - reverted gear train - epicyclic gear train- Functions - classification of bearing- friction in journal bearing -design of thrust bearing considering uniform pressure - flat pivot or foot step bearing-coefficient of friction and bearing characteristic number - heat generated in journal bearingsGovernors and Flywheels Functions of the governors - –terms in governors –Flywheels Functions-comparison with governors – fluctuation of speed, energy, coefficient of fluctuation of speed, energy-Energy stored in flywheelsStrength of solid and hollow shaft - comparisons -power transmitted by shaft – working stresses for shafts -Compare solid and hollow shaft in terms of their weight, strength and stiffness - Couplings-Shaft couplings - requirement - types -design of sleeve or muff coupling - Designation and nomenclature of screw thread - stresses in screwed fastenings due to static loading - initial stresses -stresses due to external forces – Estimation of screw size - stresses due to combined forces - design of cylinder covers.Types of beams - cantilever beam- simply supported beam- over hanging beam- built in beam or fixed beam and continuous beam - types of loading - concentrated or point load- uniformly distributed load and uniformly varying load - shear force and bending moment diagrams - cantilever beams - point load- uniformly distributed load and combination of point load and uniformly distributed load - simply supported beam - point load- uniformly distributed load and combination of point load and uniformly distributed load - maximum bending moment on the section.Types of belts - flat belt, circular belt or rope, V-belt - types of flat belt drives -- velocity ratio - slip - creep - length of an open belt ,crossed belt - power transmitted by a belt -ratio driving tensions for flat belt drive - angle of contact - centrifugal tension – V-belt drive - rope or circular belt drive - chain drive – advantages and disadvantages over belt drive.Types of stresses and strains - tensile and compressive - longitudinal and lateral strain -Poisson's ratio – stress strain diagram- ultimate stress - working stress - factor of safety - Hooks law and Young's modulus –principle of super position- stresses in varying section -stresses in composite section - Shear stress and shear strain - modulus of rigidity - volumetric strain- Young’s Modulus (E)- Bulk Modulus ( K) and Modulus of Rigidity (C) relations.-Thermal Stress and strain - type of friction - static friction- dynamic friction- sliding friction- rolling friction- limiting friction- angle of friction- coefficient of friction- cone of friction - laws of friction. - Static friction and dynamic friction - force analysis of a sliding body resting on a horizontal plane inclined plane --Centre of gravity of section- Centroids - centre of gravity - axis of symmetry and axis of reference – CG of simple geometric sections such as rectangle- triangle- circle and semicircle sections by geometric consideration --Moment of inertia of sections - radius of gyration - methods to find moment of inertia of plane area - parallel axis theorem-perpendicular axis theorem.
Technical
100 Marks
Electrician ||| Overseer Grade I (Electrical) ||| Junior Instructor (Electrician) ||| Training Instructor (Electrician)
The Kerala Public Service Commission conducts recruitment for posts such as Electrician, Overseer Grade I (Electrical), Junior Instructor (Electrician), and Training Instructor (Electrician) in various departments.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#electrical#electrician#technical#diploma-level
Syllabus Explorer
Fundamentals of AC Systems
Sec 1
ac through resistance, inductance and capacitanceBasic terms – amplitude, frequency, cycle, time period, average value, instantaneous value, rms value, form factor, peak factor – equations and related simple problemsGeneration of ac voltage, Equation of voltagestar and delta connections in 3 phase ac systems – line and phase relationship in star and delta systems
AC Machines
Sec 2
Alternators-construction, principle, emf equation, losses and efficiencySingle phase and FHP motors-single phase induction motor, universal motor, ac series motor, servomotor, stepper motor, split phase motorThree phase induction motor-principle, construction, types, slip, torque, losses, efficiency, power stages, speed control, three phase motor startersThree phase synchronous motorTransformer-construction, principle, types, emf equation, transformation ratio, losses and efficiency, all day efficiency-simple problems
Safety, First Aid, Batteries and Solar Cell
Sec 3
Basic safety requirements, electric shock-requirement for avoiding shock, first aiddetermination of total number of cells required for a given power requirementsinstallation, care and maintenance of batteries and solar cells
Electrostatics and Electromagnetism
Sec 4
Capacitors in series and parallel, Energy stored in a CapacitorCoulomb's law, Permeability, Magnetic Flux, Flux density, Reluctance, mmfFaraday's law of Electromagnetic Induction, Lenz's LawFleming's LawsLaws of Electrostatics, Permittivity, Electric Flux, Flux Density, Potential, Potential Difference – equations and simple problemsLightning Phenomenon, Potential Gradient, Dielectrical StrengthSelf Inductance, Mutual Inductance, Energy stored in an inductor
DC Machines
Sec 5
DC generator – construction, working, classification, emf equation, wave and lap windings, characteristics, simple problemsDC motor - construction, working, types, emf equation, torque-simple problems, various starters, speed control, testing, MG set
Wiring Accessories
Sec 6
Earthing – Pipe and Plate earthingelectrical illuminationFuses-cartridge and HRCsafety devices- MCB, ELCB, RCCBSwitches - SPST, SPDT, TPTT, ICDP, ICTP, Toggle switch, Limit switchVarious wiring systemsWires-single strand and multistrand, current ratings
Digital Electronics
Sec 7
half adder, full adder, flip-flops, shift registers, counters, ADC, DACNumber systems, logic gates-AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, De-morgan's theoremssoldering Techniques
Power Electronics
Sec 8
Half wave and full wave rectifiers with and without filtersoperation and maintenance of inverter, regulated dc power supply, battery charger, UPSUJT relaxations oscillator, FET, JFET, Triac, Diac, IGBT, SCR
Fundamentals of Electricity
Sec 9
Kirchhoff's laws – KCL and KVLOhm's law – Statement, Simple problems related to Ohm's law, Power and EnergyResistance in series and Parallel -Simple problemsVoltage, Current, Resistance, Energy, Power-Definitions and Units
Measurements and measuring instruments
Sec 10
Power factor meter, Synchroscope, TOD meter, CRO, Insulation megger and earth megger, multimeter, CT and PTSingle phase and Three phase power measurement, measurement of resistance, Inductance and CapacitanceVarious types of electrical measuring instruments – Voltmeter, Ammeter, Energy Meter, Wattmeter
Administrative
300 Marks
Kerala Administrative Service (Main Examination)
The Kerala Administrative Service (KAS) examination is conducted by the Kerala Public Service Commission (KPSC) to recruit candidates for key administrative positions (Gazetted II officer - Junior Time Scale) within the Kerala state government.
120m
3s
#kerala-psc#administrative-service#state-civil-service#descriptive-exam#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
GENERAL STUDIES PAPER -I
Sec 1
Cultural Heritage of Kerala Art Forms, literature, sculpture, architecture, salient features of societyHistory and evolution of Malayalam language and literature.Kerala Tribal culture, Pilgrimage, Tourist places, Folk Culture, Cinema, TheatreArt, culture, literature and ArchitecutreMajor Dynasties, their administrative system, social, religious and economic conditions prominent movementsSalient features and major landmarks of ancient and medieval IndiaPre-Independence socio-political movements. Formation of Kerala State, Political parties, movements, Governments, Landmark legislations and policies.Independent India and her neighbours.India – Struggle for independenceIndia after Independence, Post independent consolidation and reorganisationModern Indian History (from the 18th century upto the present) significant events, personalities and issuesSocial and religious reform movements in the 19th and 20th centuryColonialisation and decolonialisation,Communism, Capitalism, Socialism – their forms and effects in society.GlobalisationIndustrial revolutionRedrawal of National boundariesWorld wars
GENERAL STUDIES PAPER -III
Sec 2
Current Issues in Economy and Planning & GeographyAgriculture Sector, Land Reforms in India, Technological change in Agriculture – Major Crops and Cropping patterns in various parts of the Country, Irrigation, Pricing of agriculture inputs and outputs, Agricultural Finance Policy and Marketing, Issues in Food Security and Public Distribution System, Green Revolution, Policies for sustainable agriculture and organic farming.Economy of Kerala State-an overview, Population, Major agriculture, Industry, Service sector issues. Infrastructure and resources, Major Developmental Projects, Programmes and Schemes. Co-opeartive Sector. History and relevant policies in traditional industries, IT Sector, Pravasi and Foreign remittance.Indian economy on the eve of independence. Indian economy in post reform period – new economic reforms, NITI Aayog, National Income and Per Capita Income, Sectoral Composition (Output and Employment) – Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. Development under different policy regimes (including Five Year Plans) – Goals, Constraints, Institutions and Policy framework.Indian Public Finance, Government Budgeting, Indian Tax System, Public Expenditure, Public Debt, Deficit and Subsidies in the Indian Economy. Centre-State financial relation. Recent fiscal and monetary policy issues and their impact, structure of Indian Banking and Non-Banking Financial Institutions and reforms, GST: Concept and Implications. Stock exchange and share market.Industrial Policy, Public Sector enterprises and their performance, Growth and pattern of industrialization, Small-scale sector, Productivity in industrial sector, SEZ and industrialization, foreign investment and competition policy, e-Commerce, Effects of liberalisation on the economy.Infrastructure in Indian Economy, Meaning and importance of infrastructure – Water Supply and Sanitation- Energy and Power – Science and Technology – Rural and Urban Infrastructure, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways, Telecommunication, Dams, Inland Waterways. Social Impact Assessment.Kerala model development – (Land reforms, Social security, devolution of Power, Decentralised Planning, Housing, Tourism, Women Empowerment, Social Welfare Schemes, Disaster Management. Role and Function of Kerala Planning Board, Achievements of Kerala in Health and Education Sector: Policies, Programmes, Initiatives and Impacts.Trend, Composition, Structure and direction of India's Foreign Trade. India's Balance of payments situation in post reforms period.Trends and Patterns in structure of population over time – Growth rate, Gender Rural-Urban Migration, Literacy, Regional Structure and trends of Poverty and Inequality, Unemployment – trends, Structure and National Rural Employment policies. Indicators of development – Physical Quality of Life Index, Human Development Index, Human Poverty Index, Gender Development Index, National Happiness Index.General Geography: Solar system, Motion of Earth, Concept of time, Seasons, Internal structure of the Earth, Major Landforms and their features. Atmosphere – Structure and Composition, elements and factors of Climate, Airmasses and Fronts, atmospheric disturbances. Oceans: Physical, Chemical and Biological characteristics, Hydrological Disasters, Marine and Continental ResourcesGeophysical phenomena like Earthquake, Tsunami, Volcanoes, Cyclone, Flood, Landslides.Physical, Social, Economic Geography of World, India and Kerala
GENERAL STUDIES PAPER -II
Sec 3
Current Issues in given topicsConstitutional Authorities – Powers, Functions and ResponsibilitiesFunctions and Responsibilities of the Union and the States, Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, function, power and privilages. Issues and challenges pertaining to Federal Structure – Devolution of Power and Finances upto local levels and challenges thereinFundamental rights, fundamental duties and Directive PrinciplesIndia's Foreign Policy, International Organisations, International Treaties and Forums, their structure and mandateIndian Constitution and its salient featuresJudiciary in India – Structure and functions, important provisions relating to Emergency and Constitutional amendments, Judicial review, Public Interest Litigation, Land Revenue LawsPanchayati Raj, Public Policy and Governance, Impact of L.P.G on GovernancePrinciples of Administrative Law.Rights Issues (Human rights, Women rights, SC/ST rights, Child rights, etc.), Important ActsStatutory, Regulatory and Quasi judicial bodiesEnergy requirement and efficiency: India's existing energy needs and deficit, India's energy resources and dependence, Renewable and Non-renewable energy resources,Energy Policy of India – Govt.Policies and Programmes, Energy Security and Nuclear Policy of India.Environmental Science : Issues and concerns related to environment, its legal aspects, policies and treaties for the protection of environment at the National and the International level, Environment protection for sustainable development. Biodiversity – its importance and concerns, Climate change, International initiatives (Policies, Protocols) and India's commitment, Western Ghats, Features, Characteristics and issues. Forest and wildlife – Legal framework for Forest and Wildlife Conservation in India. Environmental Hazards, Pollution, Carbon Emission, Global Warming. National action plans on climate change and Disaster Management. Developments in Biotechnology, Green Technology and Nano-technology.ICT : Nature and Scope of ICT, ICT in day today life, ICT and industry, ICT and Governance – various Government schemes promoting use of ICT, e-Governance Programmes and Services, Netiquettes, Cyber Security concerns – National Cyber Crime Policy. MIS. Artificial Intelligence – benefits and impacts, Robotics.Science and Technology: Nature and scope of Science and Technology, Relevance of S&T, National policy on S&T and innovations, Basics of everyday science, Human body, Public Health and Community Medicine, Food and Nutrition, Health Care. Institutes and Organization in India promoting integration of S&T and Innovation, their activities and contributions, Contribution of Prominent Indian Scientists.Technology in Space and Defence: Evolution of Indian Space Programme, ISRO – it's activities and achievements, various Satellite Programmes – DRDO-vision, mission and activities.
Medical
100 Marks
Theatre Technician
The Theatre Technician post in Kerala Medical Education Services is recruited by the Kerala Public Service Commission. Candidates typically need a Plus Two/Pre-Degree with Science and a Diploma in Operation Theatre and Anesthesia Technology to be eligible.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#medical-education#theatre-technician#diploma-level#paramedical
Syllabus Explorer
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
Sec 1
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)Basic Life Support ( BLS)Defibrillators and their maintenanceDrugs used in ACLSPaediatric and neonatal resuscitation- equipments, drugs and maintenance
MONITORING
Sec 2
Advanced monitoring equipments and their maintenance and sterilization- invasive blood pressure, ultrasound probe, transesophageal echocardiography probe, cardiac output monitoring, neuromuscular monitoring, depth of anaesthesia monitoring.Basic monitoring- ECG, pulseoxymetry, non- invasive blood pressure monitoring, capnography, temperature monitoring- management of equipments and sterilizationBlood gas analysis and interpretationPoint of care testing of haemoglobin, blood glucose and anticoagulation- ACT (activated clotting time), thromboelastography (TEG)Pulmonary function tests and their interpretation
BASIC ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Sec 3
Basic anatomy and physiology of cardiovascular systemBasic anatomy and physiology of central nervous systemBasic anatomy and physiology of respiratory systemBasic Physiological changes in pregnancy and paediatricsHepatic and renal metabolism of drugs and elimination
ANAESTHESIA TECHNIQUES
Sec 4
Blood transfusion and component therapyCentral venous lines, indications, techniques, preparation and complicationsGeneral anaesthesia- preparation of OT, monitoring, management of complicationsNeuraxial blocks- spinal and epidural anaesthesia- techniques, positioning and preparation, monitoring, complicationsRegional blocks- different types, techniques, equipments, positioning and preparation monitoring and complications
DRUGS
Sec 5
Cardiac drugs- inotropes, vasopressor agents and vasodilator agents, heparin and protamineDrugs used for premedication, inhalational and intravenous anaesthetics, analgesicsIV fluids and preparation of intravenous infusionsLocal anaesthetics and adjuvant agents.Neuromuscular blocking agents and drugs used for their reversal
STERILIZATION TECHNIQUES AND UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
Sec 6
Cleaning and Sterilization of anaesthesia equipmentsCleaning and sterilization of surgical equipmentsPrinciples of Aseptic precaution and biohazardsSegregation and disposal of waste and contaminated materialSterilization techniques- autoclaving, plasma sterilization, ETO sterilization, Gluteraldehyde (Cidex)- principles and techniques
SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
Sec 7
Day to day maintenance, sterilization, and preparation of ventilators and humidifiers.Managerial duties and maintenance of stock and narcotic registersPreparation for anaesthesia for Open- heart procedures and cardiopulmonary bypassPreparation for anaesthesia in remote locations- MRI, endoscopy, angiography suitesPreparation for difficult airway management
OPERATION THEATRE EQUIPMENTS
Sec 8
Electric and fire hazards in OT and managementElectric vacuum, nitrogen cylinders, compressed air and vacuum pipelines and outlets – physical principles, safety measures and maintenanceElectrocautery, operation tables, infusion pumps, OT lights- parts, physical properties and safety measures, maintenanceRadiation hazards- precautions and safety measuresSpecialised equipments- endoscopy/ laproscopy, operating microscope, ultrasonic aspirators, C arm- sterilization and maintenance
ANAESTHESIA EQUIPMENTS
Sec 9
Endotracheal intubation- positioning, techniques, laryngoscopes, endotracheal tubes, facemasks, airways, stylets, modern airway gadgets (LMA, ILMA, video-laryngoscopes), Fibre optic broncoscopyGas cylinders, physical properties, parts and safety measuresManifold and central oxygen pipeline supplyModern anaesthesia machine and vaporisers– design, function, physical principles, safely measures and checkingPaediatric anaesthesia equipment and preparation
POSITIONING
Sec 10
Lateral position, Trendelenberg position and lithotomy position- technique, complications and precautions.Positioning for neuraxial blocks, arterial and central venous lines and regional blocksPrecautions in positioning the obese, pregnant, paediatric and elderly patient.Prone position- technique, different equipments, precautions and complicationsSitting position- technique, complications, preventive methods and additional monitoring
Medical
100 Marks
Junior Public Health Nurse Grade II
The Kerala Public Service Commission (Kerala PSC) conducts recruitment for Junior Public Health Nurse Grade II posts in the Health Services Department/Municipal Common Service. Candidates need to have an SSLC (10th) qualification and an Auxiliary Nurse Midwifery Certificate.
90m
6s
#kerala-psc#nursing#public-health#healthcare#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
MIDWIFERY
Sec 1
Abnormal childhoodAbnormal PuerperiumAbnormalities of pregnancyAbortionAntenatal CareCare during normal labourCare of new bornFamily welfareFemale Pelvis and foetal skullFoetus and placentaHigh risk new BornHigh risk pregnanciesHIV/AIDSHuman Reproductive SystemInfertilityLife cycle approachNormal labourNormal pregnancyNormal puerperiumPopulation EducationRTIs and STIsSafe mother-hoodStatus of women and empowermentSurgical InterventionWomen's health problems
CHILD HEALTH NURSING
Sec 2
Care of adolescent girlsCare of adolescentsCare of School childrenCare of the sick childChildren's RightsGrowth and developmentNutrition of infants and children
HEALTH CENTRE MENAGEMENT
Sec 3
Co-ordinationImplementation of national health programMaintenance of stocksThe sub centreUpdate knowledge
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE-(PREVENTION OF DISEASE AND RESTORATION OF HEALTH)
Sec 4
Care in Communicable diseaseCommunicable DiseaseEpidemic ManagementIntroduction to communicable diseaseAches and painsCardiovascular problemCare in sick in the communityCare of handicapDigestive problemsDisease of the nervous systemDiseases of muscular skeletal systemFeverMetabolic DiseasesRespiratory problemsUrinary problemsFracturesLife Threatening conditionsMinor Injuries and ailmentsNeed for First AidCollection of specimenConcept of diseaseDisinfection and sterilizationImmunity and body defense mechanisamsImmunizationInfectionWaste disposalAdministration of drugsCommon emergency drugsDrugs used in minor ailmentsTypes of drugs
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
Sec 5
Communication methods & mediaCommunity based rehabilitationCommunity Health practiceCommunity need assessmentConcept of healthCounselingDynamics of CommunityHealth organisationHealth problems and policiesRole of health teamStructure of Community
HEALTH PROMOTION
Sec 6
Community participationDisposal of Excreta and wasteEnvironmental SanitationSafe waterHygiene of the bodyOptical functioning of the bodyThe Human bodyMaladjustmentMental HealthMental illinessOld age careEssential nutrientsNutritional assessmentNutritional problemsPromotion of Nutrition
Technical
100 Marks
Junior Instructor (Interior Decoration and Designing)
Recruitment by Kerala Public Service Commission for the post of Junior Instructor (Interior Decoration and Designing) in the Industrial Training Department.
90m
8s
#kerala-psc#junior-instructor#interior-design#industrial-training#technical-education
Syllabus Explorer
FURNITURE IN INTERIORS
Sec 1
Barrier free design -special needs for persons with disabilities in interior design.Classification according to materials used, Functional classification.Importance of anthropometric and ergonomics - ergonomic factors of furniture design-chair-table-work stations; Fitted furniture- its characteristics and application -design of work counters and work stations- Modular furniture.Role of furniture in interior design-furniture styles-ancient Egypt-Mesopotamia-Greece-Etruscan -Rome-Byzantium- Mediaeval-Romanesque-Gothic-quattrocento-cinquecento – Baroque -Settocento-Neoclassical-Directoire-Rococo-empire-Art nouveau-Tudor(Elizabethan era)
CURTAINS, BLINDS AND INDOOR PLANTS
Sec 2
Blinds - roller blinds, Roman blinds, pull-up (balloon) blinds, festoon or Austrian blinds, match stick or pinoleum blinds, bamboo blinds, venetian blinds, vertical louvre blinds.Curtains and drapes - function-terminology-materials- different types-Grommet Curtains (Eyelet), Sheer Curtains, Rod Pocket Curtains, Tab Top Curtains, Pelmets and Valances, Window Scarf, Cafe Curtains, Pleated Drapes- Pinch Pleat Drapes, Goblet Pleat Drapes, Pencil Pleat Drapes, Cartridge Pleat Drapes, Tuxedo Pleat Drapes, Box Pleat Drapes.Role of plants in interior landscaping- Functions of indoor plants, the ideal indoor plant, Ideal conditions for an indoor plant, Selection of plants for various interiors.
ELEMENTS OF INTERIOR DESIGN
Sec 3
Colour- Definition, Qualities- hue, value and intensity; Tint and shade; Classification of colours on the colour wheel- primary, secondary and tertiary colours; Warm and cool colours, light, dark and dull colours; Colour schemes- Related colour scheme- Monochromatic and analogous colour schemes; Contrasting colour scheme- complementary, double complementary, split complementary; triad; Psychological effect of colours.Definition of interior design-Differentiate between interior design and interior decoration, role of interior designer.Elements of interior design –point - line- curved line and straight line – horizontal, vertical and diagonal – plane- base plane, wall plane, overhead plane- Form- geometric and natural-shape – square, rectangle, triangle, circle-their role in visual perception.Texture- Definition, tactile and visual textures, explanation of rough and smooth textures- their role in visual perception.
ARCHITECTURAL SPACE
Sec 4
Definition of space, interior space, exterior space, transitional space; Characteristics of interior space-Quantity and Quality;Psychological effect of interior space-people's response to specific spatial factors like size, shape, color, illumination, windows, space organization and furnishings.Space modulation- definition, structural alteration – removing or adding walls, ceiling, windows, doors; qualitative alteration – expanding and lessening space using colour, texture, pattern, mirror, furnishings.
LIGHTING IN INTERIORS
Sec 5
Different types of lighting arrangements - Direct lighting- Angular lighting- Down lighting- Eyeball fitting-Track lighting -Shade lighting; Indirect lighting – cove lighting - valance lighting – cornice lighting.Light-Introduction of natural and artificial light – importance of artificial lighting- different types of artificial lighting-general, task and accent.Lighting for different spaces – living room, dining, bed, kids’ room, bathroom, kitchen, study, corridor, stair, cafeteria, restaurant, entrance hall/lobby of hotel, etc.Types of lamps - Incandescent, Tungsten halogen, Florescent, Mercury, Sodium vapour, LED.
ENCLOSING AND TRANSITIONAL ELEMENTS
Sec 6
Doors: Framed and paneled door, Glazed door, Flush door, Louvre door, Wire gauged door, Revolving, Sliding (Aluminium), Swing door.Enclosing elements: Wall, Ceiling, Floor- their functions, forms and role in visual perception.Stairs: Requirement and placement of good Staircase- Basic terminology of R.C.C. Stair - Types of stairs-Straight, Quarter turn, Half turn (Dog legged), Three quarter turn, Bifurcated, Open newel, Geometrical, Circular, Spiral.Transition elements: Doors, windows, stairs and corridor.Windows: Casement window, Sliding window, Sash window, Louvre window, Bay window, Corner window, Dormer window, Gable window, Sky light window.
MATERIALS FOR INTERIORS
Sec 7
Finishing materials for ceiling- acoustic tiles, wood, plaster of Paris, thermocole.Finishing materials for floors- Hard flooring – wood, stone, tile and resilient flooring; Soft flooring – carpets and rugs – carpet installation.Finishing materials for walls – wood paneling, vinyl, stone, marble, plaster, cladding, paint, texturing, ceramic tiles, wall paper, plastic laminates.Finishing materials- for walls, floor and ceiling - criteria of selection, functional and aesthetic criteria, method of application.Role of fabric in interiors – Fabrics for Wall, Floor, Ceiling, Furniture, Openings.
PRINCIPLES OF INTERIOR DESIGN
Sec 8
Practical applications – role of form, colour, texture and light in creating balance, harmony, contrast, rhythm, etc.Principles- Balance-symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial- Proportion –Scale – Harmony (unity)-Contrast-Rhythm-Emphasis.Proportioning Systems- Golden section-Orders- Modulor-Ken-Anthropometric proportions.
Technical
100 Marks
Junior Instructor (Painter General)
Recruitment by Kerala Public Service Commission for the post of Junior Instructor (Painter General) in the Industrial Training Department. These instructor posts are for Industrial Training Institutes all over Kerala.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#industrial-training#painter-general#trade-level#technical-education
Syllabus Explorer
Method of paintings (Metal,Wood & Wall)
Sec 1
Brush paintingPowder coatingRoller paintingSpary paintingStencil painting
Allied trades
Sec 2
Carpentary hand tools and simple jointsPlumping hand tools and fittingsSheet metal hand tools and simple joints
Painting defects & Remedies
Sec 3
Chalking , Peeling, Blistering ,Wrinkling, Fading , Cracking ,Orange peel ,etc.
Surface preparation (Metal ,Wood & Wall)
Sec 4
Chemical cleaningCorrosionHand cleaningMechanical cleaning
Painting tools
Sec 5
Cleaning toolsSpray GunsVarious brushes
Safety precautions
Sec 6
Colour code of different pipe linesPersonnel Protective EquipmentSafety related to paintingSafety signs
Free hand drawing and Colouring
Sec 7
ColoursDrawing papersDrawing pencils
Basic computer knowledge
Sec 8
Corel drawDTPPhoto shop
Types of paints
Sec 9
Ingredients of paintsOil base paintsVarnish and polishWater base paints
Quality testing for various paints and painted films
Sec 10
Viscosity, Dry film thickness , Weight per litre , Gloss finsh , etc..
Medical
100 Marks
Pharmacist Gr.II
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for Pharmacist Gr.II in Health Services / Medical Education Department.
75m
10s
#kerala-psc#pharmacist#medical#pharmacy-diploma
Syllabus Explorer
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I
Sec 1
Acids, bases and buffers-Boric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Strong Ammonium hydroxide, Sodium hydroxide and official buffers.Antidotes- Sodium nitrite. Inorganic official compounds of Iron, Iodine and Calcium, Ferrous Sulphate and Calcium Gluconate.Antimicrobials and Astringents- Hydrogen peroxide, Potassium permanganate, Chlorinated lime, Iodine, Solutions of Iodine, Povidone-iodine, Boric acid, Borax, Silver nitrate, Mild silver protein, Mercury ,yellow, Mercuric oxide, Ammoniated mercury.Expectorants and Emetics-Ammonium chloride, Potassium iodide, Antimony potassium tartrate.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY II
Sec 2
Adrenergic antagonist- Tolazoline, Propranolol, Practolol.Adrenergic drugs- Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, Isoprenaline, Phenylephrine, Salbutamol, Terbutaline, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine.Anti-Neoplastic Drugs- Actinomycin, Azathioprine, Busulphan, Chloramubucil, Cisplatin,Cyclophosphamide, Daunorubicin Hydrochloride, Fluorouracil, Mercaptopurine, Methotrexate, Mytomycin.Anti-tubercular Drugs- Isoniazid, PAS, Streptomycin, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Thiacetazone, Ethionamide, cycloserine, pyrazinamide*.Antibiotics- Benzyl penicillin, Phenoxy methyl penicillin, Benzathine penicillin, Ampicillin,Cloxacillin, Carbencicillin, Gentamicin, Neomycin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Cephalexin,Cephaloridine, Cephalothin, Griseofulvin, Chloramphenicol.Antidepressant Drugs- Amitriptyline, Nortryptyline, Imipramine, Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine.Antifungal agents- Undecylenic acid, Tolnaftate, Nystatin, Amphotericin, Hamycin.Antileprotic Drugs- Clofazimine , Thiambutosine, Dapsone, solapsone,Antimalarial Drugs-Chloroquine,Amodiaquine, Primaquine, Proguanil, Pyrimethamine, Quinine,Trimethoprim.Antiseptics and Disinfectants-Proflavine, Benzalkonium chloride, Cetrimide, Phenol, chloroxylenol, Formaldehyde solution, Hexachlophene, Nitrofurantoin.Cholinergic Antagonists- Atropine, Hyoscine, Homatropine, Propantheline, Benztropine, Tropicamide,Biperiden.Cholinergic Drugs- Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Pralidoxime, Pilocarpine, Physostigmine.Diuretic Drugs- Furosemide, Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Benzthiazide, Urea, Mannitol, Ethacrynic Acid.Sulphonamides- Sulphadiazine, Sulphaguanidine, Phthalylsulphathaizole, Succinylsulphathiazole, Sulphadimethoxine, Sulphamethoxypyridazine, Co-trimoxazole, sulfacetamideTranquilizers-Chlorpromazine, Prochlorperazine, Trifluoperazine, Thiothixene, Haloperiodol, Triperiodol, Oxypertine, Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Meprobamate.
CLINICAL PHARMACY
Sec 3
Adverse Drug Reaction: Definition and significance. Drug-Induced diseases and Teratogenicity.Bio-availability of drugs, including factors affecting it.Disease, manifestation and patho-physiology including salient symptoms to understand the disease like Tuberculosis, Hepatitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cardio-vascular diseases, Epilepsy, Diabetes, Peptic Ulcer, Hypertension.Drug dependences, drug abuse, addictive drugs and their treatment, complications.Drug Interactions: Definition and introduction. Mechanism of Drug Interaction. Drug-drug interaction with reference to analgesics, diuretics, cardiovascular drugs, Gastro-intestinal agents. Vitamins and Hypoglycemic agents. Drug-food interaction.Drugs in Clinical Toxicity- Introduction, general treatment of poisoning, systemic antidotes, Treatment of insecticide poisoning, heavy metal poison, Narcotic drugs, Barbiturate, Organo-phosphorus poisons.Physiological parameters with their significance.
PHARMACOGNOSY
Sec 4
Antidiabetics- Pterocarpus, Gymnema sylvestre.Antidysenterics- Ipecacuanha.Antihypertensive- Rauwolfia.Antileprotics- Chaulmoogra oil.Antimalarials- Cinchona.Antirheumatics- Guggul, Colchicum.Antiseptics and disinfectants- Benzoin, Myrrh, Neem, Curcuma.Antitumour- Vinca.Antitussives- Vasaka, Tolu balsam, Tulsi.Astringents- Catecheu.Cardiotonics- Digitalis, Arjuna.Carminatives & G.I. regulators- Umbelliferous fruits, Coriander, Fennel, Ajowan, Cardamom, Ginger, Black pepper , Asafoetida, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Clove.Diuretics- Gokhru, Punarnava.Drugs acting on nervous system- Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, Aconite, Ashwagandha, Ephedra, Opium, Cannabis, Nux -vomica.Enzymes- Papaya, Diastase, Yeast.Laxatives- Aloes, Rhubarb, Castor oil, Ispaghula, Senna.Oxytocics- Ergot.Perfumes and flavouring agents- peppermint oil, Lemon oil, Orange oil, lemon grass oil, sandal wood.Vitamins- Shark liver oil and Amla.
HOSPITAL PHARMACY
Sec 5
Application of computers in maintenance of records, inventory control, medication monitoring, drug information and data storage and retrieval in hospital retail pharmacy establishment.Drug Distribution system in Hospitals.Drug Information service and Drug Information Bulletin.Hospital Formulary system and their organization, functioning, composition.Manufacturing: Economic considerations, estimation of demand. Sterile manufacture-Large and small volume parenterals, facilities, requirements, layout production planning, man-power requirements.Nomenclature and uses of surgical instruments and Hospital Equipments and health accessories.Non-sterile manufacture-Liquid orals, externals, Bulk concentrates. Procurement of stores and testing of raw materials.Out-patient services,In-patient services- types of services detailed discussion of unit Dose system, Floor ward stock system, satellite pharmacy services, central sterile services, Bed side pharmacy.P.T.C. (Pharmacy Therapeutic Committee)Surgical dressing like cotton, gauze, bandages and adhesive tapes including their pharmacopoeial tests for quality. Other hospital supply eg. I.V.sets, B.G. sets, Ryles tubes, Catheters, Syringes etc
PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Sec 6
Autocoids: physiological role of histamine and serotonin, Histamine and Antihistamines, prostaglandins.Cardiotonics, Antiarrhythmic agents, Anti-anginal agents, Antihypertensive agents, peripheral Vasodilators and drugs used in atherosclerosis.Chemotherapy of microbial diseases: Urinary antiseptics, sulphonamides, penicillin, streptomycin, Tetracyclines and other antibiotics. Antitubercular agents, Antifungal agents, antiviral drugs, anti-leprotic drugs.Adrenergic drugs and adrenergic receptor blockers.Cholinergic drugs, Anticholinergic drugs, anticholinesterase drugs.Neuromuscular blockers, used in myasthenia gravis.Neurone blockers and ganglion blockers.Mydriatics, drugs used in glaucoma.Analgesic antipyretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs- Narcotic analgesics.Antirheumatic and anti-gout remedies. Sedatives and Hypnotics, Psychopharmacological agents, anticonvulsants, analeptics.Centrally acting muscle relaxants and anti parkinsonian agents.General anaesthetics- adjunction to anaesthesia, intravenous anaesthetics.Drugs affecting renal function- Diuretics and anti-diuretics.Hormones and hormone antagonists- Hypoglycemic agents, Anti--thyroid drugs, sex hormones and oral contraceptives, corticosteroids.
DRUG STORE AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
Sec 7
Banking and Finance-Service and functions of bank, Finance planning and sources of finance.Drug House Management-selection of site, space Lay-out and legal requirements. Importance and objectives of purchasing, selection of suppliers, credit information, tenders, contracts and price determination and legal requirements . Codification, handling of drug stores and other hospital supplies.Inventory Control-objects and importance, modern techniques like ABC,VED analysis, the lead time, inventory carrying cost, safety stock, minimum and maximum stock levels, economic order quantity, scrap and surplus disposal.Sales promotion, Market Research, Salesmanship, qualities of a salesman, Advertising and Window Display.
PHARMACEUTICS II
Sec 8
Suspensions (elementary study)-Suspensions containing diffusible solids and liquids and their preparations. Study of the adjuvant used like thickening agents, wetting agents, suspensions of precipitate forming liquids like tinctures, their preparations and stability. Suspensions produced by chemical reaction. An introduction to flocculated /non-flocculated suspension system.Dental and cosmetic preparations: Introduction to Dentifrices, facial cosmetics, Deodorants. Antiperspirants, shampoo, Hair dressings and Hair removers.Emulsions-Types of emulsions, identification of emulsion system, formulation of emulsions, selection of emulsifying agent. Instabilities in emulsions, preservation of emulsions.Ophthalmic products: study of essential characteristics of different ophthalmic preparations. Formulation additives, special precautions in handling and storage of ophthalmic products.Parenteral dosage forms-Definition, General requirements for parenteral dosage forms. Types of parenteral formulations, vehicles, adjuvants, processing and personnel, Facilities and quality control.Preparation of Intravenous fluids and admixtures-Total parenteral nutrition, Dialysis fluids.
PHARMACEUTICAL JURISPRUDENCE
Sec 9
Narcotic Drugs and psychotropic substances Act, 1985-A brief study of the act with special reference to its objectives, offences and punishment.Pharmacy Act,1948-The General study of the pharmacy Act with special reference to Education Regulations ,Working of state and central councils, constitution of these councils and functions, Registration procedures under the Act.The Drugs and Cosmetics Act,1940-General study of the Drugs and cosmetics Act and the Rules there under. Definitions and salient features related to retail and whole sale distribution of drugs. The powers of Inspectors, the sampling procedures and the procedure and formalities in obtaining licenses under the rule. Facilities to be provided for running a pharmacy effectively. General study of the schedules with special reference to schedules C,C1,F,G,J,H,P and X and salient features of labelling and storage conditions of drugs.The Drugs and Magic Remedies (objectionable Advertisement)Act, 1954-General study of the Act,objectives , special reference to be laid on Advertisements, magic remedies and objectionable and permitted advertisements -diseases which cannot be claimed to be cured.
PHARMACEUTICS – I
Sec 10
Processing of Capsules-Hard and soft gelatin capsules; different sizes of capsules; filling of capsules; handling and storage of capsules. Special applications of capsules.Processing of Tablets-Definition; different type of compressed tablets and their properties. Processes involved in the production of tablets; Tablets excipients; Defects in tablets; Evaluation of Tablets; Physical standards including Disintegration and Dissolution. Tablet coating-sugar coating; films coating, enteric coating and micro-encapsulationSterilization-Concept of sterilization and its differences from disinfection-Thermal resistance of microorganisms. Sterilization with moist heat, Dry heat sterilization, Sterilization by radiation, Sterilization by filtration and Gaseous sterilization.
Technical
100 Marks
Analyst Gr.III
The Kerala Public Service Commission (Kerala PSC) conducts the Analyst Grade 3 Exam to recruit qualified candidates for government roles in chemical analysis laboratories, public health departments, and other state-run institutions. This role involves performing chemical analyses and quality checks to ensure public health and safety.
120m
10s
#kerala-psc#pharmaceutical-analysis#chemistry#microbiology#pharmacology
Syllabus Explorer
PHARMACEUTICAL JURISPRUDENCE
Sec 1
A.I.C.T.E. Act.Drugs Prices Control Order.Factories Act.Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act.Minimum Wages Act.Patents Act.Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act.Prevention of Food Adulteration Act and Rules.States Shops and Establishments Act.The Poisons ActTrade and Merchandise marks Act.Drugs and Cosmetics Act.Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act.Medicinal and Toilet preparations (Excise Duties) Act and Rules.Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act.Pharmacy Act.Drug tragedies. Drug poisoning, drug accidents and drugs in suicides. Committee reports on drug accidents. Trade names. Combination preparations, banned drugs & combinations. Newly introduced and out dated drugs. Important case decisions published in drug cases relating to various topics covered in the subject.Introduction : Definition and scope of Forensic pharmacy. Pharmaceutical legislation in India. Historical developments. Pharmacist's role in drug treatment and drug usage. Pharmacist as a member of the Health Care Scheme. Professional ethics in Pharmacy practice. Legal and ethical responsibilities of pharmacists.
PHARMACOGNOSY
Sec 2
Adulteration and evaluation of crude drugs. Standards for herbal formulations. WHO guidelines in evaluation of drugsBiological sources, preparation, identification tests and uses of the following enzymes: Diastase, Papain, Bromalein, MaltaseEstimation of phytopharmaceuticals : Atropine, Quinine, Curcumine, Aloin, CaffeineGeneral techniques of biosynthetic studies and basic metabolic pathways. Brief introduction to biogenesis of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance.Shikimic acid pathway, Acetate mevalonate Pathway, Isoprenoid synthesisHerbaceous health foods.Herbal cosmetics – including classifications with examples, standards and biological sources, chemical constituents and uses of at least 10 drugs used in herbal cosmeticsIntroduction to alternative systems of medicine The Holistic concept of drug administration in traditional system of medicine. Introduction to Ayurvedic preparations like Asavas, Gutikas, Tailas, Choornas, Lehyas and Bhasmas.Introduction to herbal drug technology. Development and evaluation of herbal formulationsIntroduction, classification and study of different chromatographic methods and their application in evaluation of herbal drugs.Marine pharmacognosy, novel medicinal agents from marine sources.Patenting of Herbal DrugsPhysicochemical evaluation of crude drugs and formulations including ash values, extractive values, refractive indexPlant allergens and allergenic substances. Classification and preparation of allergenic extracts.Preparation of the extracts and various extraction techniques including supper critical fluid extraction.Protein containing drugs: Gelatin, Collagen, spirulinaStudies of traditional drugs, common vernacular names, botanical sources, morphology, and chemical nature of chief constituents, pharmacology, categories and common uses and marketed formulations of indigenous drugs: Amla, Kantakari, Satavari, Tylophora, Bhilwa, Arjuna, Asokha,Kalijiri, Rasna, Punarnava, Apmarg, Gokhru, Shankapushpi, Brahmi, Methi, Lahsun, Palash, Guggal, Gymnema, Shilajit ,Chitrak, Sida and Neem.Study of the biological sources, commercial varieties, chemical constituents, substitutes, adulterants, uses, diagnostic, macroscopic and microscopic features and specific chemical tests of the following groups of drugs containing glycosides: Saponins: Liquorice*#, Ginseng, Dioscorea* and Sarasparilla Cardioactive sterols: Digitalis*#, Squill*, Strophanthus, Thevetia# Anthrquinone cathartics: Aloes*, Senna*#, Rhubarb and Cascara. Others: Psorelea, Gentian*, Saffron* and Quassia.Systematic study of source, commercial varieties, chemical constituents, adulterants, uses, diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic features and specific chemical tests of following alkaloid containing drugs: Tropane: Belladonna*#, Hyoscyamus, Datura*#, Coca and Withania. Quinoline & Isoquinoline: Cinchona*#, Ipecac#, Opium*. Indole: Ergot*, Rauwolfia*#, Catharanthus# and Physostigma. Imidazole: Pilocarpine. Steroidal: Veratrum and Kurchi*. Alkaloidal amines: Ephedra*# and Colchicum*. Glycoalkaloid: Solanum Purines: Coffee* and Tea* (Cultivation, collection of drugs marked * only) (Detailed microscopical studies of drugs marked # only
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY -II (CHEMISTRY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS)
Sec 3
Alkaloids Introduction, Chemical classification, general isolation, Structural elucidation of alkaloids-General methods, chemistry Structural elucidation and pharmacological activity of Atropine, morphine, &ephedrine Identification of alkaloids by specific colour testsCarbohydrates: Definition, classification, nomenclature, structure of sucrose, maltose, lactose, properties of sucrose, glycosidic linkage, non reducing nature; structure of starch, cellulose, cellulose derivatives and deoxy sugars. A brief account on pharmaceutical importance of various carbohydrates.Estimation of drugs coming under alkaloids, antibiotics, vitamins & other pharmaceutically significant products of natural origin.Fats &Oils: Introduction, Analytical constant of fats &oils, methods for their determination & significance. Determination of chemical constituents of fats & oils (Acid value, Saponification value, Iodine value , Acetyl value and peroxide value of fixed oils)Glycosides: Introduction, Chemistry of Cardiac glycosides including their chemical structures with SAR, Chemistry of sapogenins. Test for cardiac glycosides, flavanoides, and their glycosides.Proteins and Amino acids Amino acids: Definition, classification, essential amino acids, configuration, important methods of preparation of amino acids, physical properties-Zwitter ionic nature, isoelectric point, chemical properties, peptides, peptide synthesis and determination of structure of peptides [End group analysis] Proteins: Definition, classification, denaturation, primary, secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. pharmaceutical importance of amino acids, polypeptides and proteins. Analysis of proteins: C-terminal & N- terminal analysis. Synthesis of simple peptidesPurines: Chemistry and structural elucidation of uric acid &caffeine. Inter- relationship of caffeine, theobromine and theophyllineSteroids: Introduction, Nomenclature of steroids, stereochemistry and numbering the ring system. Chemistry of cholesterol, ergosterol, &bile acids. Tests for steroids. Liberman- Burchard test, Salkowski reaction etc.Terpenoids: Introduction, classification, isoprene rules, chemistry and uses of geroniol, alpha-terpineol, camphor, ionones.Vitamins: Classification, structural elucidation, chemistry and pharmaceutical uses of vitamin A, D, B1, B2, B6 and C.
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS II (MODERN METHODS OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS)
Sec 4
Amperometry: Amperometric titrations with one polarized electrode, general procedure, titration curves and applications.Column chromatography: Adsorption and Partition theory, preparation, procedure and methods of detection.Counter current extraction, ultra centrifugation and gel filtration.Gas Chromatography: Introduction, fundamentals of column operation and detection.HPLC and HPTLC.Ion Exchangers: Types of exchangers, mechanism of ion exchange and column operation.Paper chromatography: Theory of partition, different techniques employed and different grades of papers used, quantitative and qualitative detection.Thin layer chromatography: Theoretical consideration, preparation, procedure and detection of compounds.Conductometric titrations: Basic concepts, different types of conductometric titrations, apparatus used and applications in Pharmaceutical Analysis.Electrophoresis: Principle, instrumentation and application.Polarography: Basic concept, theoretical considerations, Basic instrumentation, apparatus, principles, general polarography analysis and applications in pharmaceutical analysis.Potentiometric titrations: Introduction, Electrochemical cells, half-cells, electrodes, measurement of potential and application in pharmaceutical analysis.GLP, ISO 9000, TQM, Quality Review, quality documentation and International Conference of Harmonization (ICH).Regulatory control, regulatory drug analysis and interpretation of analytical data.Validation, quality audit, quality of equipment, validation of equipment and validation of analytical procedures.Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.Emission Spectroscopy.Flame Photometry.Fluorimetry.Infrared Spectrophotometry.Mass Spectrometry.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy including 13C-NMR.Radio Immuno AssayUV and Visible Spectrophotometry.X-ray diffraction.Theoretical consideration and application in drug analysis and quality control of the following analytical techniques.Thermal Analysis: Basic Concepts and Applications in Pharmaceutical Analysis.Turbidimetry and Nephelometry: (1 hour) Theory of light scattering, Nephelometry, Turbidimetry for Practical Analysis of dispersions, study of the working principles of instrument used for analysis and applications in Pharmacy.
PHARMACOLOGY -II & CLINICAL PHARMACY
Sec 5
AnthelminticsAnti HIV agents and therapy of AIDSAnti protozoal agentsAntifungal agentsAntitubercular agents and Pharmacotherapy of tuberculosisAntiviral agent-Drugs in different viral infections,non selective antiviral drugsChemotherapy of neoplastic disease: Cell cycle kinetics, Genesis of cancer cells, Characteristics of cancer cells, Antineoplastic agents.Classification including recent drugs, Mechanism of action, Spectrum of activity, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Adverse effects , Drug interactions, Contra indications, Clinical uses& Preparations and dosages of the following :- Sulphonamides, quinolones, pencillins, cephalosporins, Monobactams, tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, polypeptide antibiotics, macrolide antibiotics, Aminoglycoside antibiotics, Monobactams, Lincosamides, Oxazolidinones, Urinary antiseptics., Antiseptics and disinfectantsHistory of Chemotherapy. Bacterial resistance, combined use of antimicrobials, prophylactic use of antimicrobials. Classification based on mechanism of action of antimicrobial agentsPharmacotherapy of Urinary tract infection, Upper respiratory tract infection, Enteric infection.Adverse drug reactions: Detection, monitoring & reporting of ADRs.Cardiovascular disorders : Hypertension, Congestive heart failure, Angina, Acute Myocardial infraction , Cardiac arrhythmiasCentral nervous disorders : Epilepsy, Parkinsonism, Schizophrenia, DepressionEndocrine disorders : Diabetes mellitus, Thyroid disordersGastro intestinal disorders : Peptic ulcer, Ulcerative colitis, Hepatitis, CirrhosisHemopoietic disorders : Anaemias,Infectious disorders : Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infections, Enteric infection, Upper respiratory tract infection & HIVJoint & connective disorders : Rheumatic diseases, OsteoporosisNeoplastic disorders : Acute leukaemias, Hodgkins disease& carcinoma of breast.Respiratory disorders : Asthma , COPDDosage adjustments in renal failure, hepatic failure. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. TDM indications for measuring drugs in blood, choice of drugs to be monitored. Timings of measurements, measuring techniques. Clinical applications – Estimation of serum concentration of Digoxin, Theophylline, Gentamycin, Lithium, Phenytoin, Cyclosporin & AmiodaroneDrug use in special population:- infants ,elderly , pregnancy & lactation- therapeutic considerationConcept of Essential drugs and rational drug use.Definition and implications of Evidence based medicine, Practice based research & laboratory based researchDrug & Poison information services Introduction, sources of information, design of literature searches, critical evaluation of drug information and literature. Preparation of written and verbal reports.Drug interactions: clinical significane, potentially dangerous interations, role of pharmacist in identification, assessment and ways to overcome interations.Preparation of drug profiles, leaflets, packaging inserts.Drug discovery and new drug development: a) Approaches to drug discovery, preclinical studies, clinical trials, design, phases and conduct of clinical trial, ethical issues,informed consent, role of placebo, different terminologies related to clinical trial b) Bioinformatics- definition, aim and applications in drug developmentImmunity & hypersensitivity. Chemical mediators of immune response and drugs that block their actionsImmunoglobulins in therapy- Indications, dosage schedule & adverse effects of Human Immunoglobulins, tetanus Immunoglobulins, rabies Immunoglobulins. Proteins and polypeptides as therapeutic agentsImmunosuppressant and immunostimulant drugs.Stem cell therapy-General terminologies, stem cells, cell potency types, types of stem cells, potential uses of stem cells.Vaccine therapy-Different types & mechanism of action Indications, dosage schedule & adverse effects of typhoid vaccine, BCG vaccine, Oral polio vaccine, Rabies vaccine, Hepatitis vaccine, Tetanus toxoidMeasurements in pharmacology: Bioassay:- Principles,indications types and requirements of bioassay Bioassay of insulin, digitalis, adrenaline, acetyl choline, histamine, oxytocin, d-tubocurarine, Antihaemophillic fraction, Heparin Sodium,Diphtheria anti toxin, Anti rabies vaccine. Radioimmunoassay: principles and applicationAlcohols, management of methanol poisoningAnalgesics-antipyretics, narcotic analgesics, Non- steroidal anti- inflammatory agents, antigout remedies, drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.Antiepilepics and pharmacotherapy of epilepsyCNS stimulantsDrugs in Alzheimers diseaseDrugs used in Parkinsonism & Pharmacotherapy of Parkinsonism.General anaesthetics, sedatives & hypnotics, management of barbiturate poisoningManagement of Paracetamol poisoning, morphine poisoning, salicylate poisoning.Pharmacotherapy of gout and hyper-uricemia , rheumatoid arthritisPsychopharmacological agents- antipsychotics, antidepressants, anti-anxiety agents, pharmacotherapy of psychosis and depression.Drugs acting on gastro-intestinal tract- Appetizers,`digestants,carminatives,appetite suppressors , Emetics,antiemetics,antidiarrhoeals, Cathartics, Antacids &Drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Pharmacotheraapy of constipation, diarrhea, vomiting, peptic ulcer disease.Drugs acting on Skin: Drugs used in skin disorders, sclerosis, melanizing and demelanizing agentsDrugs effecting coagulation of blood -coagulants, anticoagulants, thrombolytic agents, drugs affecting platelet function,Bloodproducts and plasma volume expandersDrugs used in shock, Pharmacotherapy of shockDugs effective in different types of anaemia – Iron defiency anaemia, aplastic anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia. Pharmacotherapy of anaemiasDrugs acting on uterus- Oxytocics, uterine relaxantsDrugs affecting renal function Diuretics & antidiureticsEnzyme in therapy Hyaluronidase, L-asparaginase, seratiopeptidaseHeavy metals and heavy metal antagonistsLocal anaestheticsPharmacology of vitamins. Source, absorption, fate, action, therapeutic uses and adverse effectsTherapeutic gases:Oxygen, Helium, CO2, water vapour
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY - III (MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY)
Sec 6
Basic Concepts and Applications of Prodrug DesignAdrenergic agents: Adrenaline *, Isoprenaline, Salbutamol*, Naphazoline, Xylometazoline.Adrenergic antagonists: Tolazoline, Prazosin, Propranolol*, Metoprolol*.Anthelmintics: DEC*, Mebendazole*, Niclosamide, IvermectinAntibiotics: Chloramphenicol * Penicillin and Cephalosporins: Methicillin, Ampicillin*, Carbencillin,Cephalexine, Cefachlor, Cefotaxime. Tetracyclines Flouroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin. Macrolide Antibiotics: Azithromycin.Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin*, Fosphenytoin, Trimethadione, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sodium Valproate*, ClonazepamAntidepressants: Imipramine*, Amitryptiline, Doxepine*, FluoxetineAntifungal agents: Griseofulvin, Clotrimazole, Fluconazole, Tolnaftate*.Antihistaminic agents: Diphenhydramine*, Tripelenamine, Chlorpheniramine, Triprolidine, Promethazine*, Cyclizine*, Cetrizine, Astemizole.Antihyperlipidemic Agents: Clofibrate, Niacin, Lovastatin, Ezetimibe.Antihypertensive agents Methyl dopa*, Hydralazine, Diazoxide, Enalapril, Nifedipine, Losartan.Antimalarials. Chloroquine*, Hydroxychloroquine, Mefloquine, Trimethoprim, Sulfadoxine.Antineoplastic agents: Chlorambucil, Cyclophosphamide, Carmustine, Thiotepa, Busulfan, Dacarbazine, Methotrexate*, 6 -mercaptopurine, 5-flourouracil*, Tamoxifen, Cisplatin, AzathioprineAntiprotozoal agents: Metronidazole*, Tinidazole, Diloxanide.Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine*, Thioridazine, Prochlorperazine*, Chlorprothixene, Thiothixene, Haloperidol, Risperidone.Antipyretics. Aspirin, Salsalate, Paracetamol*Antitubercular agents: INH*, PAS*, Pyrazinamide, Ethionamide.Antiviral agents: Amantadine, Idoxuridine, Acyclovir*, Zidovudine, Saquinavir, Ribavirin.Anxiolytics, Sedatives and Hypnotics: Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam*, Oxazepam, Alprazolam, Triclofos Sodium, Buspirone.Cholinergic Blocking agents Cyclopentolate*, Dicyclomine*, Clidinium bromide, Propantheline bromideCholinergic Drugs: Acetylcholine, Carbachol*, Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine*.Diuretics Acetazolamide, Hydrochlorthiazide, Furosemide*, Ethacrynic acid, Spironolactone, Triamterene*, Indapamide*.General Anaesthetics: Halothane*, Diethyl ether, Thiopentone Sodium, Thiamylal sodium*, Ketamine.H2 Receptor antagonist and Proton Pump Inhibitors: Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole.Local Anaesthetics: Benzocaine, Procaine, Lignocaine*, Mepivacaine, Dibucaine*, Phenacaine.Local Anti-infective agents: Liquified Phenol, Benzalkonium chloride, Chlorhexidine.Narcotic Analgesics: Morphine, Codeine, Levorphanol, Pethidine*, Pentazocine.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: Oxyphenbutazone, Indomethacin*, Ibuprofen*, Diclofenac, Naproxen, Piroxicam*, Nimesulide.Oral Hypoglycemic agents and Antithyroid drugs: Tolbutamide*, Glipizide, Metformin*, Glimepride, Rosiglitazone, Carbimazole*.Sulfonamides and Sulfones: Sulfacetamide*, Sulfapyridine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfamethizole, Silver Sulfadiazine*, Sulfasalazine, Dapsone*, Solapsone.
PHARMACOLOGY- I & BIOPHARMACEUTICS
Sec 7
Compartment models- Definition, One compartment model- IV Bolus, IV Infusion, ExtraVascular administration. Determination of pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma and urine data. Two compartment model- IV Bolus- determination of pharmacokinetic parametersElimination- Biotransformation – phase I and phase II reactions Excretion –Mechanism of renal clearance, Concept of clearance, Clearance ratio, Determination of renal clearance, Dosage adjustment in patient with renal failure, Extraction ratio, Hepatic clearance, Biliary excretion, Entero Hepatic Circulation. Factors affecting elimination.Measurement of Bioavailability- Cmax, t max, AUC. Design of single dose Bioequivalent study, dissolution and disintegrationNon-linear pharmacokinetics- One compartment model IV Bolus administration, MichaelisMenten equation.Dose response relationship-graded and quantitative relationship, LD50, ED50, therapeutic index, therapeutic window, margin of safety Combined effect of drugs-Additive effect, synergism, drug receptor antagonism. Factors modifying drug actionDrug dose & dosage: Fixed dose combination-Advantages & disadvantages. Banned drugsPharmacogenetic variation in drug actionAdverse effects of drugs Adverse drug reactions: Definition and classification, epidemiology, predisposing factors, mechanism of adverse drug reactions, Drug allergy-Mechanism, types and treatment Drug dependence: Tolerance, habituation, addiction, treatmentChronopharmacology Definition of rhythm and cycles, Biological clock and their significance leading to chronotherapyDefinition for acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, Carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity studies. Acute, subacute and chronic toxicity and genotoxicity studies, various organ toxicitiesDefinition of poison, general principles of treatment of poisoning.Drug interactions .Definition, epidemiology, classification & pharmacological mechanisms of drug interactions with suitable examples and managementPharmacology of drugs in special groups- Pregnancy, lactation pediatrics and elderlyRational use of medications, rational prescribing irrationalities in prescription P drug concept and P treatment, essential drugs, spurious drugs, expiry dates of medicationAutocoids and their antagonists. Histamin, antihistamins, 5HT, 5HT blockers. Renin -Angiotensin system and drugs modifying it. Kinins, enkephalins, prostaglandins and other polypeptidesAnti-hypertensive drugs and pharmacotherapy of hypertensionAntiarrhythmic drugs and pharmacotherapy of cardiac arrhythmias.Cardiac glycosides, management of digitalis toxicity, drugs for heart failure, Pharmacotherapy of heart failure.Hypolipidemic drugs and plasma expandersVasodilators and antianginal drugs and pharmacotherapy of angina pectoris.Adrenergic system –Adrenergic receptors, adrenergic drugs , antiadrenergic drugsCholinergic system –receptors of acetylcholine, cholinergic drugs, anticholineesterases, anticholinergic drugs, ganglionic stimulants and blockers, neuromuscular blocking drugs,drugs in myasthenia gravisOcular pharmacology: Mydriatics, miotics and drugs used in glaucomaDrugs acting on endocrine system: Anterior pituitaty hormones, Thyroid hormones & antithyroid drugs, Parathyroid hormones. Insulin & oral antidiabetic agents, Pharmacotherapy of diabetes mellitus.Adrenal cortical steroids,Gonadotropins, Oestrogens&Progesterones. Antifertility agents &ovulation inducing agents. Androgens, antiandrogens & anabolic steroidsDrugs acting on respiratory tract: mucolytic agents, Antitussives, Expectorants, Drugs for bronchial asthma, Pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma.
PHARMACEUTICS & MICROBIOLOGY
Sec 8
Blood products and plasma.Capsules: Advantages and disadvantages of capsules. Materials and method of production of hard gelatin capsule, size of capsules, Formulation, method of filling, equipments involved, finishing techniques and evaluation. Storage of capsules. Soft gelatin capsules-shell and capsule content, manufacture, processing and control.An introduction to novel drug delivery systems- Liposomes, niosomes, nanoparticles and osmotically conrolled systems.Micro encapsulationTransdermal drug delivery systems-Formulation and evaluation.Controlled drug delivery systems-Advantages of controlled drug delivery systems.cosmetics for skin and face-vanishing cream, cold cream, face powder.Hair preparation-Shampoo, Hair dyes, depilatories, shaving cream, after shave lotion.Introduction, fundamentals of cosmetic science. Formulation, preparation, packaging and evaluation of following Cosmetics:Nail polish, lipstick, rougeOral hygiene preparation-dentifrices, mouth washes.Extraction and galenical products-Principles and methods of extraction, preparation of infusions, tinctures; Dry, soft and liquid extracts.Antibiotics: Antimicrobial Spectrum and methods used for standardization. Microbial assay of antibiotics.Bacterial Nutrition, cultivation of bacteria. Culture media, its classification with examples. Aerobic and anaerobic culture methods. Isolation of Pure culture.Classification & Structure of Viruses. Cultivation of Viruses, Viral replication. Virus-Host interactions. Bacteriophages, phage typing. Bacteriocins.Introduction to fungi of Medical and pharmaceutical importance. Fungal reproduction and cultivation.Structure of bacterial cell. Endospores and mechanism of spore formation. L forms. Identification methods of microbes; stains and types of staining techniques.Disinfection, factors influencing disinfectants, dynamics of disinfection, Evaluation of Disinfectants.Sterilisation- different methods, validation of sterilisation methods and equipments. Sterility testing of pharmaceutical products as per the I P.Fermentation technology; Basic principlsfo fermentation, isolation and screening of industrially important microbes, types of fermentation, downstream process, Fermenter design and control of different parameters. Fermentation process. Screening of soil for organisms producing antibiotics. Extraction of fermentation products with special reference to Penicillin,alcohol , amylase and Vitamin B12.Antigen – Antibody reactions and their applications.Immunological Preparations: Principles, Antigens and Haptens, Immune System, Cellular and Humoral Immunity, Antibodies, Immunological Tolerance. Hypersensitivity. Active and Passive immunization, Vaccines and Sera, their preparation, standardization and storage. Development of Hybridoma for Monoclonal Antibodies.Introduction to the scope of microbiology,Microscopy-compound, dark field, phase contrast, UV, fluorescence and electron microscopy.Packaging materials. Types of glasses and plastics employed for packing and their evaluation.Pharmaceutical aerosols: components, propellants, containers, valves and actuators, types of aerosol systems, manufacture, quality control, pharmaceutical applications.Pharmaceutical calculations: Posology- Calculation of paediatric doses, enlarging and reducing recipes, percentage solutions, alligations, alcohol dilution, proof spirit.Principles involved and dispensing procedures adopted (Definition, advantages, disadvantages, ingredients, classification, theory, method (s) of preparation, containers and packaging, labeling requirements, storage) for prescription of powders, solutions, aromatic waters, mixtures, emulsions, lotions, liniments, ointments, paints, lozenges, jellies, pastes, suppositoriesProcess validation and performance evaluationAseptic techniques, source of contamination and methods of prevention, design and maintenance of aseptic area-classification, air handling units, laminar airflow units.Formulation details, containers, closures and their selection.Injections- classification, routes and volume of administration, methods of production and storage, vehicles-water for injection, non aqueous vehicles. Isotonicity and methods of adjustment of Isotonicity.Lyophilisation and preparation of sterile powders and dry mixtures.Ophthalmic preparations-ideal requirements, types, components, formulation, methods of preparation, containers, closures and evaluation.Prefilling treatment, washing of containers and closures-relevant standard operating procedures, preparation of solutions and suspensions, filling and sealing of ampoules and vials. Manufacture of large volume parenterals. Equipments for large scale manufacture, quality control tests for parenterals.Total parenteral nutrition and dialysis fluids.Surgical ligatures and sutures, types, Catgut-preparation and standardization. Cotton-absorbent and non absorbentTablet coating: Types-sugar coating, film coating, compression coating, electrostatic and enteric coating. Film forming materials, formulation of coating solution, equipments for coating, Processing problems in coating, evaluation.Tablets Characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Types of tablets, excipients, granulation methods and machinery involved. Tablet compression operation-single punch and rotary tablet presses, processing problems, evaluation, packaging.
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS -I
Sec 9
Complexometirc titrations: Complexation, chelation, Werner’s co-ordination number, stability of complexes, titration curves, importance of buffer, types of complexometric titration, methods of end point detection. pM indicator, masking and demasking agents.Gravimetric analysis: Basic concepts, precipitation techniques, organic and inorganic precipitants, co-precipitation, post-precipitation. Various steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Thermogravimetry. Pharmaceutical applications. Determination of barium sulphate as barium sulfate, calcium as calcium oxalates, Magnesium as magnesium pyrophosphate, silver as silver chloride.Introduction: Importance of quality control, different techniques of analysis, preliminaries and definitions, significant figures, concept of error, precision, accuracy, mean and standard deviation, calibration of analytical equipments, fundamentals of volumetric analysis, methods of expressing concentrations, primary and secondary standards.Diazotisation titrationsGasometryKarl Fischer methodKjeldhal method of nitrogen estimationOxygen Flask combustion methodNeutralization titrations: Acid-base concepts, relative strength of acids and bases, law of mass action, common ion effect, ionic product of water, pH, Henderson– Hasselbach equation, buffer solutions, theory of indicators, neutralization curves, choice of indicators, mixed and universal indicators, titration of polyprotic systemNon-aqueous titrations: Theoretical basis, types of solvents, scope, limitations, preparation and standardization of titrant solutions used in non-aqueous titrations of weak acid and weak bases.Oxidation – reduction titrations: Concepts of oxidation–reduction, standard oxidation potential, Nernst equation, theory of redox titrations, redox indicators, titrations involving cerric ammonium sulphate, potassium permanganate, titanous chloride, sodium–2,6– dichlorophenol–indophenol, iodimetry, iodometry,Precipitation titrations: Principles of precipitation titrations, solubility product, effect of acids, temperature and solvent on the solubility of precipitate. Argentometric titrations- different methods, and mercurimetric titrations.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY – I (INORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
Sec 10
Determination of partition co-efficient.Determination of refractive index.Determination of specific rotation of a compound.Introduction: Pharmacopoeia and monograph.Quality control and test for purity: Sources of impurities in Pharmaceutical substances. Limit tests: Definition, importance, general procedure for limit test for chlorides, sulphates, iron, arsenic, heavy metals, lead and modifications with suitable examplesAnti-caries Agents: Role of Fluorides as anti-caries agents, Sodium fluoride*Dentifrices: Calcium carbonate, dibasic calcium phosphate, Zinc chloride.Essential and Trace ions: Definition, Physiological role of Iron, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Selenium, Sulphur and Iodine. Ferrous fumarate, Ferrous gluconate, Ferrous sulphate*, Iron and Ammonium citrate, Zinc chloride and Potassium iodide. Official formulation: Iron dextran injection, Official solutions of iodine.Gases: Oxygen*, Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen* and Nitrous Oxide*.Acidifiers: Dilute hydrochloric acid, Ammonium chloride*Adsorbents and protectives: Light Kaolin, Activated charcoal, Bismuth subcarbonate, Titanium dioxide.Antacids: Classification, Qualities of an ideal antacid, side effects, advantages of combination therapy, acid neutralizing capacity, sodium bicarbonate*, Potassium citrate, Aluminium hydroxide gel*, Magnesium hydroxide*, magnesium trisilicate, light and heavy magnesium carbonate, Calcium carbonate, Dimethicone, Magaldrate, Bismuth carbonate.Saline cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Magnesium carbonate.Electrolytes used for replacement therapy: Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Calcium chloride, Calcium gluconate*, Calcium lactate, Tribasic calcium phosphate.Electrolytes used in the acid-base therapy: Sodium acetate, Potassium acetate, Sodium citrate, Potassium citrate, Sodium lactate, Ammonium chloride. Electrolyte combination therapy, Compound sodium chloride solution, Sodium chloride injection and Oral rehydration salt.Physiological acid-base balance and its importance.Physiological role of Chloride, Phosphate, Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium.Antidotes: Sodium nitrite, Sodium thiosulphate, Charcoal.Expectorants: Ammonium chloride, Potassium iodide.Respiratory stimulant: Ammonium carbonate. (Assay of compounds marked* only)Sclerosing agents: Hypertonic saline, Sodium tetra decyl sulphate.Sedative: Potassium bromide.Pharmaceutical Aids: Sodium bisulphite, Sodium metabisulphite, oxide, Bentonite, Magnesium stearate, Aluminium sulphate, Sodium benzoate, Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, Sodium methylparaben, Sodium lauryl sulphate, Purified water, Water for injection, sterile water for injection.Anti-microbials: Hydrogen Peroxide*, Potassium Permanganate, Chlorinated Lime, Boric Acid*, Silver Nitrate, Povidone-Iodine, Selenium Sulphide* and Zinc Undecenoate.Astringents: Alum, Zinc Sulphate and Zinc chloride*.Protectives: Talc, Zinc Oxide, Calamine, Zinc Stearate, Silicon Polymers and Dimethicone.Study of pharmaceutically important compounds: Method of preparation, properties, assay (of compounds with asterisk ), identification test, test for purity, official preparation, storage conditions and uses of inorganic compounds listed in I.P belonging to the following categories.Test for purity for the following: a. Swelling property of bentonite. b. Acid neutralizing capacity of aluminium hydroxide gel. c. Ammonium salts in potash alum. d. Adsorption power in heavy kaolin. e. Presence of iodates in potassium iodide. f. Ferric ion and reducing sugars in ferrous gluconateTheory of co-ordination compounds with special reference to application in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical analysis: EDTA, Dimercaprol, Penicillamine, 1, 10- phenanthroline
Technical
100 Marks
Instructor Grade I (Electrical Engineering)
Recruitment by Kerala PSC for Instructor Grade I (Electrical Engineering) in the Technical Education Department (Engineering Colleges).
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Syllabus Explorer
Part I (e): Essentials of Electronics Engineering
Sec 1
Active and passive devices – review only.E-waste: Health hazards of e-waste.Full wave rectifier – diagram and explanation, 5 V power supply – with bridge rectifier and 7805.Integrated circuits.Inverter & UPS: Block diagram. Compare – inverter and UPS. Online and off line UPS – differentiate. Battery selection for UPS and inverter.LED – working, applications, comparison of LED lighting and CFL lighting.Microcontrollers: Simple block diagram of 8 bit microcontrollers – application.Mobile technology: CDMA and GSM. Compare – 2G and 3G technologies.SMDs – advantages.SMPS – block diagram and advantages.Static electricity – precautions in handling electronic circuits.Switches: ON / OFF, push to ON, push to OFF, push to ON / OFF, SPST, SPDT, DPDT. Working and application of limit switches, proximity switches, relays.
Part I (a): Technical Mathematics
Sec 2
Applications of integration – Area bounded by a curve and X or Y axis, solutions of differential equations using the method of variable separable, solutions of linear differential equations of first order.Binomial Series – Expansions using Binomial theorem.Coordinate geometry – Equations to a straight line – slope-intercept form, intercept form, Angle between two lines, condition for two lines to be perpendicular, parallel.Determinants – Evaluation of second and third order, minors and cofactors, solutions of simultaneous linear equation in three unknown using Cramer’s rule.Differentiation – Limits and continuity, derivatives of functions, equation to tangents and normals. Maxima and minima of functions of one variable.Integration of functions – Integration of different types of functions.Matrices – Identification of Matrices, matrix operations, adjoint and inverse.Trigonometric functions – Signs of functions in each quadrant. Trigonometric values of angles, properties of trigonometric functions, applications of the identities sin (A ± B), cos (A ± B) and tan (A ± B).
Part I (d): Basic Electrical Engineering
Sec 3
Circuit parameters: Resistance, Capacitance and inductance. AC circuit with R, L, C. Simple solution of typical AC circuit with resistance, impedance, power and power factor.Electrical circuit of an installation: Earthing, lightning protection.Idea of Basic electrical circuit: Electrical supply and load and its functioning, division of voltage and current in a parallel and series circuit – simple problems, units of power and energy, solution of DC circuit with calculation of energy consumption in an installation.Review with discussion of electric current, potential difference, power, EMF, resistance and its laws, Ohms law and series parallel circuit, electromagnetism, generation of AC and DC supply.
Part I (b): Basic Civil Engineering
Sec 4
Construction: Parts of building – foundation – types of foundations – spread footing, isolated footing, combined footing, Raft, pile and well foundations. Masonry – types rubble masonry, brick masonry, English bond and Flemish bond. (One brick wall).Levelling: Levelling instruments, different types, bench mark, reduced level of points, booking of field notes, reduction of levels by height of collimation method (simple problem). Modern survey – instruments – Total station, Electronics theodolite, Distomat.Materials: Brick – varieties and strength, characteristics of good brick. Cement – varieties and grade of cement and its uses. Steel – types of steel for reinforcement bars, steel structural sections. Aggregates – types & requirements of good aggregates. Concrete – grades of concrete as per IS code, water cement ratio. Workability, mixing, batching, compaction and curing.Surveying: Chain surveying – principles, instruments, ranging, and chaining survey lines, field work and field book, selection of survey stations, units of land area.
Part II (a)
Sec 5
DC machines – generator types, construction, emf equation, windings, characteristics armature reaction, commutation, trouble shooting and application.DC motor – voltage equation, speed and torque, starting methods speed control, starters.Induction motor – Squirrel cage and slip ring, principle and operation, slip, rotor current frequency and rotor emf. Torque equation, max torque, characteristics, power stages, equivalent circuits.Speed control – starting methods, starters and applications.Synchronous Generator – construction – salient pole & non salient pole, excitation – methods, emf equation, armature reaction, armature reactance, leakage reactance, Vector diagram, Voltage regulation, cooling system.Synchronous Motor – methods of starting, characteristic, application, Phaser, hunting.Transformer – single phase and three phase – equivalent circuits, phasor diagrams, tests, regulation and efficiency. Connections – parallel operation, autotransformer – principle.
Part II (d)
Sec 6
Amplifier – classification, working, circuit diagram and application.Binary addition, subtraction and division.Flip flop circuit and clocked flip-flop circuits, operational amplifier – working characteristic and applications.K-Map, De Morgan’s theorem, half adder, full adder, multiplexing and demultiplexing.Logic gates – basic logic gates – verification of Truth table – Boolean’s algebra – axioms and postulates, universal logical gates.Multi Vibrates – types circuit diagram and application.Number system – conversion of decimal, octal and hexadecimal into binary and vice versa.Oscillator – concept of Barkhausen’s criteria, types.Systems of signed binary number – true magnitude form, 1’s compliment, 2’s compliment.Transistor – characteristics, configuration and application.
Part II (c)
Sec 7
Illumination – terms and definitions, laws of illumination lighting schemes, design and calculation. Lamps – different types – working. IS code, I E rule, busbar design.Industrial electrification.Instruments – Function, terms and definitions. Principle construction and application. Instruments used for current, voltage, power, power factor, frequency and energy. Digital voltmeter, digital multimeter, and cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).Transducers and gauges – stain gauge – LVDT, burden tube, capacitor transducer, Piezoelectric transducer, bellows,
Part II (e)
Sec 8
Microcontroller – 8051 microcontrollers – features, block diagram, architecture, register structure, special function registers, internal and external memory, pin details, ports, counters and timers in 8052. Serial I/Os, associated registers, interrupts.PLC – applications, importance, block diagram, operation types of PLCs, programming – methods – ladder diagram.Speed control of 3 phase induction, stator control, voltage and frequency.UJT, FET, Diac, Triac, SCR – principle, construction, operation, characteristic, Electric Drives – DC, single phase, semi converter, single full converter single phase duel converter.
Part II (b)
Sec 9
Breaking – types.Cables – terms and definitions. Types.Circuit breaker – principle, operation and types. Protection of alternator, transmission line and neutral earthing.Distribution – systems, overhead – Radial, ring & inter connected.Electrical welding principle and types, Traction, terms, definitions, speed time characteristicPower generation – system – hydel, thermal, nuclear, - layouts, site selection, advantages and disadvantages of different systems.Protection – primary and secondary, fuses – terms and definitions, types.Transmission – line constants, line insulators, string efficiency, sag, skin, corona and Ferranti effect, DC transmission system.Utilisation electric heating, materials advantages, types, devices.
Part I (c): Basic Mechanical Engineering
Sec 10
The importance of IC Engines: Definition, classification – two stroke engines, four stroke engines, working of two stroke engines and four stroke engines with the help of line sketches, comparison between two stroke and four stroke engines, comparison between petrol and diesel engines, function of fly wheel, clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft and differential in power transmission, explain with sketch the working of differential, briefly explain power transmission of 4 wheel vehicle with line diagram.The importance of Power Plants: Introduction, classification of power plants – working of hydroelectric power plant with schematic sketches – working of thermal (Steam and Diesel) power plant with schematic sketches – working of nuclear power plant with schematic sketches.
Technical
100 Marks
Lecturer Grade I – Rural Engineering
This post involves direct recruitment by the Kerala PSC for Lecturer Grade I in Rural Engineering for the Rural Development Department. The educational qualification required is a B.Tech (Civil) Degree with at least 55% marks in the aggregate.
120m
10s
#kerala-psc#lecturer#rural-engineering#civil-engineering#degree-level
Syllabus Explorer
Part I (e): Essentials of Electronics Engineering
Sec 1
Active and passive devices – review only.E-waste: Health hazards of e-waste.Full wave rectifier – diagram and explanation, 5 V power supply – with bridge rectifier and 7805.Integrated circuits.Inverter & UPS: Block diagram. Compare – inverter and UPS. Online and off line UPS – differentiate. Battery selection for UPS and inverter.LED – working, applications, comparison of LED lighting and CFL lighting.Microcontrollers: Simple block diagram of 8 bit microcontrollers – application.Mobile technology: CDMA and GSM. Compare – 2G and 3G technologies.SMDs – advantages.SMPS – block diagram and advantages.Static electricity – precautions in handling electronic circuits.Switches: ON / OFF, push to ON, push to OFF, push to ON / OFF, SPST, SPDT, DPDT. Working and application of limit switches, proximity switches, relays.
Civil Engineering > Transportation and Geotechnical Engineering
Sec 2
Airport Engineering: Classification of airport – layout of an airport and locational requirements – airport components – Runway, aprons and taxy way – pattern and layout of runways – selection of site for airport.Docks and Harbours: Requirement and classification – break waters – types, uses – docks.Geotechnical Engineering: Nature of soil and fundamental relationship – Introduction of soil mechanics – soil Engineering – scope of soil engineering – History of development of soil mechanics – Soil types – residual and transported – soil as a three phase system – water content – unit weight of soil mass – bulk unit weight, dry unit weight, unit weight of solids, saturated unit weight, submerged unit weights – specific gravity – void ratio – porosity – degree of saturation – percentage air voids – air content – density index – functional relationships – problems. Determination of index properties – water content by oven drying method – specific gravity using pycnometer and specific gravity bottle – particle size distribution – sieve analysis, hydrometer method – particle size distribution curve – consistency of soils – liquid limit, plastic limit, shrinkage limit, plasticity index, consistency index – determination of liquid limits, plastic limit & shrinkage limit – shrinkage ratio – field density by sand replacement method and the core cutter method, classification of soils Necessity – I. S. classification. Soil water – classification – absorbed water – capillary water – stress condition in soil: Effective and neutral pressures – problems. Permeability of soil – Darcy’s law – discharge velocity and seepage velocity – factors affecting permeability – determination of coefficient of permeability – constant head permeability test – falling head permeability test – problems. Compaction of soil – Definition and objectives of compaction – Standard Proctor test and modified proctor test – concept of O.M.C and maximum dry density – Zero air voids line – field compaction methods – factors affecting compaction. Site investigation and sub-soil exploration – objectives – site recognaissance – site exploration – depth of exploration – number and disposition of pits and boring – general exploration – detailed exploration – methods of site exploration – open excavations – boring methods – auger boring – auger and shell boring – wash boring – percussion boring – rotary boring – soil samples and samplers – disturbed sampling – undisturbed sampling – Standard Penetration Test – Geophysical. Bearing capacity – ultimate bearing capacity, safe bearing capacity and allowable bearing pressure – general and local shear failure – Terzaghi’s theory of bearing capacity – effect of water table – plate load test – limitations. Foundations – different types of foundations – proportioning of foundations – rectangular and trapezoidal combined footings – strap footing – Raft foundation. Deep foundations – Pile foundation – necessity of pile foundation – classification of piles according to materials, mode of transfer of loads, method of installation, use and displacement of soil. Well foundations – shapes of wells and component parts – sell sinking – tilts and shifts – measures for rectification of tilts and shifts.Introduction: Importance of railways – classification of railways based on gauges Permanent way: Component parts of permanent way – types of Rails – Rail joints – types requirements of good joint, fixtures and fastening – simple type of fish plates, coning of wheel, adzing of sleepers, sleepers – definition – materials used. Ballast – function – materials used. Cross section of a BG single and double line in cutting and embankment. Laying and Maintenance: Plate laying – definition, Methods Points and Crossings: Points, crossings, turn out, diamond crossing. Station Yards: Station yard – marshalling yard – goods yard – shunting yard – loco yard. Signalling and Interlocking: Objectives of signalling, signals types only - modern signalling methods – multiple aspect signalling system – two, three, four aspect system – drooping signals principles of interlocking.Introduction: Surveys, plans and documents for bridge project – IRC classification of bridges. Selection of site – Alignment of bridge – economical span – determination of water way – afflux and vertical clearance – permissible velocities – scour depth, depth foundation. Sub Structure: Different types of piers – abutments (different types) – different types of wing walls – different types of approaches. Super Structure: Descriptive study of different types of bridges – deck, through and semi through bridges – RCC beam bridges – plate girder bridges - steel trussed bridges – arch and bow string girder.Road Engineering: Importance of roads, IRC classification of roads, Classification of urban roads Investigation for Road Project: Different types of road surveys – Fixing the alignment of road – Factors affecting alignment – Drawings required for road project – key map, index map, preliminary and detailed location survey plan - Longitudinal and cross section. Geometric Design of Highways: Road structure – subsoil, sub grade, foundation course – base and wearing course – highway width for different classification of road – Kerbs, road margin, road formation, right of way – camber-purpose and types – super elevation – definition, formula, minimum and maximum values. Sight distance – different types – gradient – different types – curves – necessity, types – horizontal, vertical and transition – widening of roads on curves, Road drainage – surface drainage and subsurface drainage. Typical cross sections of a national highway in cutting and embankment Highway Construction: Pavement – objectives, structure, function, types. Earthen Roads – borrow pits, spoil bank, lead and lift, balancing of earth work, construction procedure. Water bound macadam roads – materials used – consistent parts – construction – maintenance Bituminous roads – bitumen, asphalt, emulsion, cut back, tar common grades for construction – types of bituminous surface – prime coat, tack coat, seal coat. Construction and maintenance of Surface dressing – Grouted macadam – Premixed macadam – asphalt concrete – bituminous carpet with pre-coated chips. Hill roads – parts and functions – types of curves – drainage structures.Traffic Engineering: Traffic volume study – traffic control devices – road signs – signals – traffic islands. Road intersections at grade – grade separators – trumpet and cloverleaf patterns.Tunnel Engineering: Necessity of tunnels – typical section of tunnels for a national highway and a single and double broad gauge railway track.
Civil Engineering > Analysis and Design of Structures
Sec 3
Analysis of Trusses: Analysis of truss, determine the magnitude and type of forces in various members of the truss due to loading, using methods of joints – simple problems. Introduction to method of sections. Introduction to method of resolution of forces by graphical method – Graphical representation of vectors – Bow’s notation.Beams and bending: Classification of beams – cantilever, simply supported, fixed, overhanging and continuous. Types of loading – concentrated, uniformly distributed and uniformly varying load. Shear force and bending moment – definition and sign conventions. Calculation of SF and BM for Cantilever, simply supported and overhanging beams and sketching of SF and BM diagrams. Relation between SF and BM. Maximum BM – point of contraflexure.Centre of Gravity: Definition of centre of gravity (C.G.) – C. G. of plane in the same straight line and those distributed over a plane – Centroid of plane figures – C. G. of solids. Determination of centroid of compound areas and reminders – C. G. of combination of simple solids.Columns and Struts: Strut, column – failure of strut, short and long columns – types of end conditions. Euler’s formula for columns of different end conditions – slenderness ratio – limitations of Euler’s formula – applications. Derivations of Rankine’s formulae from Euler’s formulae – Rankine’s constant for different materials – applicationsContinuous Beams: Continuous beams – statement of the theorem of three moments – BM and SF diagrams for simple, concentrated and u.d. loads.Dams and Retaining Walls: Trapezoidal dam with vertical water face – forces acting, intensity of pressure at base, conditions of Stability, minimum base width. Retaining wall (trapezoidal with earth face vertical without surcharge) – Rankine’s formulae for earth pressure (proof not required) – conditions of stability – minimum base width.Deflection of Beams: Strength and stiffness of beam – curvature, slope and deflection – derivation of the differential equation. Double integration method (Macaulay’s method) of slope and deflection of – cantilever with point load, cantilever with u. d. load, simply supported beam with point load, S. S. Beam with u. d. load – Problems in cantilever and simply supported beams with combinations of point and u.d. load. Calculation of fixed beam with central point load; fixed beam with UD load over whole span using double integration method. Moment area method for slope and deflection of beams – Mohr’s theorems – application of the method to problems in cantilever beams with point load, UD load, and combinations of point and U. D. Load. Application of the method to problems in simply supported beam with point load, UD load; and combinations of point and UD Load (Symmetrical load only.)Design: The subject of RCC and steel are to be taught in SI units and according to the latest IS Codes eg. IS 456-2000, and SP 16, IS 800-2007, IS 875, IS 801 – 1975 and Steel Tables. Properties of materials of RCC as per the latest IS codes – materials for concrete – Grading of aggregate, proportioning and mixing of concrete, bulking of sand, water cement ratio and placing and compaction of concrete and removal of forms – Grades of concrete and their strength – types of steel used in RCC – the permissible stresses in concrete and steel – The concept of Limit State Design, Partial safety factors in Limit State method of Design, values of Partial safety factors with reference to latest IS codes, Principles of Limit State Design, Characteristic load and characteristic strength, stress-strain curve of concrete and steel, assumptions made in the Limit State method of design, neutral axis depth, limiting value of NA, design a simply supported beam and cantilever beams for different loading conditions for flexure, Design doubly Reinforced rectangular beams under different loading conditions. Design of lintels under different loading conditions. Design of flanged beams under different loading conditions (Use S P16). Check for stiffness as per IS code, Basic i/d ratio, Modification factor, reduction factor for flanged beams, check the deflection of singly reinforced, doubly reinforced and flanged beams, the shear and torsional behaviour in RCC members, Nominal shear stress, maximum shear stress in concrete, permissible shear stress in concrete, Design beams under different loading conditions for shear, bond and anchorage, calculation of development length, check for curtailment of bars in beams, code provisions for lap length. Study the behaviour of slabs. Design of one way slabs simply supported, continuous, cantilever and sunshade, Design of two way slab, simply supported, restrained and different end condition (Design of two way slab by using S P 16 only). Design of staircases under different loading and end conditions. Theory on design of columns, behaviour of short and long columns, Slenderness limit for columns as per IS code, Design the short column for direct load, Design the column for uniaxial bending using SP 16, study of slender columns, Theory of column footing, Design of isolated column footing (SP 16). Introduction on combined footing. Design of Steel structures – Introduction to steel design – use of IS: 800, steel tables – strength of bolted and welded connections – Design of members using bolted and welded connection. Design of Tension members – General – Net sectional area of Tension members – effective sectional area of angles / T-sections connected by one leg / flange (welded connections only) – Design of ties using single / Double angles, T-sections and channels. Design of compression members – general – effective length – slenderness ratio reference to IS code. Design compressive stress and strength – discontinuous single / double angle struts – continuous angle struts Design of columns using rolled steel sections with / without cover plates – Lacing and battens – requirements – Description only – (Design of Lacing or battens not necessary). Design of Steel beams – Plastic moment carrying capacity of section – classification of cross-section Bending strength, shearing strength and deflection limit of laterally supported beam. Fundamentals of Plate Girder – parts and function. Design of Roof truss – Elements of roof truss – Loads acting with reference to IS code – Design of elements of Roof truss. Design of angle purlins.Direct and Bending Stresses: Eccentric loading of symmetrical columns (about one axis only) – maximum and minimum stress Limit of eccentricity.Fixed Beams: Fixed beams – advantages, method of finding fixing moments (derivations) BM and SF diagrams for fixed beams under point load and u.d. load (for Symmetrical loading only).Forces and Moments: Definition of force – conditions of Equilibrium of forces – Resolution of forces – Principles of resolution – Resultant of a number of coplanar forces acting at a point. Moment of force – types of moments – principle of moments – Determination of reactions of simply supported beams and overhanging beams with point loads and uniformly distributed loads.Friction: Static, dynamic and limiting friction – Laws of friction – Angle of friction – coefficient of friction, angle of repose. Equilibrium of a body on inclined rough surface.Moment distribution method: Hardy cross methods of moment distribution – stiffness factor – carry over moment – distribution factor – application to continuous beams and simple portal frames – sketching the SFD and BMD.Moment of Inertia: Definition of rectangular moment of inertia and polar moment of inertia – radius of gyration, parallel axis theorem and perpendicular axis theorem M. I of simple sections, rectangle, triangle, circle, M. I. of composite areas and remainders.Simple Stresses and strains: Stress and strain – types of stresses – Elasticity – Hook’s law – Young’s modulus – stresses and strains in uniform sections of same and composite materials. Mechanical properties of materials – Elasticity, stiffness, plasticity, toughness, brittleness, ductility, malleability and hardness – Tensile test on ductile material (mild steel bar) and stress strain curve – Compression test on brittle material (cement concrete) and stress strain curve – limit of Proportionality, elastic limit, yield point – ultimate stress – breaking stress – working stress and factor of safety.Strain Energy: Resilience – proof resilience – modulus of resilience – stress and strain when load is applied gradually, suddenly and with impact.Temperature Stresses: Elongation and contraction due to temperature change – temperature stress when deformation is fully or partially prevented – temperature stress in composite sections. Linear strain and lateral strain – Poisson’s ratio – volumetric strain – Bulk modulus – modulus of rigidity – relationship between Elastic constants – simple problems.Theory of simple Bending: Theory of simple bending, Explain the terms ‘Neutral axis’, ‘moment of resistance’ and ‘section modules’. Apply the theory of simple bending to simple and compound sections to calculate stress, section modulus and moment of resistance. Calculate shear stress distribution in rectangular and I Sections.Thin Cylinders: Failure of thin cylindrical shell due to internal pressure – circumferential and longitudinal stresses – Changes in dimension and volume of thin cylinders due to internal pressure.Torsion of circular shafts: Theory of pure torsion – derivation of formula – problems, Power transmitted by circular shafts – problems.
Part I (a): Technical Mathematics
Sec 4
Applications of integration – Area bounded by a curve and X or Y axis, solutions of differential equations using the method of variable separable, solutions of linear differential equations of first order.Binomial Series – Expansions using Binomial theorem.Coordinate geometry – Equations to a straight line – slope-intercept form, intercept form, Angle between two lines, condition for two lines to be perpendicular, parallel.Determinants – Evaluation of second and third order, minors and cofactors, solutions of simultaneous linear equation in three unknown using Cramer’s rule.Differentiation – Limits and continuity, derivatives of functions, equation to tangents and normals. Maxima and minima of functions of one variable.Integration of functions – Integration of different types of functions.Matrices – Identification of Matrices, matrix operations, adjoint and inverse.Trigonometric functions – Signs of functions in each quadrant. Trigonometric values of angles, properties of trigonometric functions, applications of the identities sin (A ± B), cos (A ± B) and tan (A ± B).
Civil Engineering > Construction Engineering
Sec 5
Building Components: Different components of building from foundation to roof and their functions Foundations: Functions, Classification, Shallow-deep, Types – spread footing – raft-mat-column footing – pile foundation – well foundation. Flooring: Requirements of a good floor – materials used for flooring, Floor finishes – Types – Mosaic, Marble, Granite, Ceramic tiles, Vitrified tiles, Glass, Wooden, and other types of modern floor finishes. Doors and Windows: Positioning of Doors and windows with respect to lighting and ventilation – Types and Size – Special types of doors – Flush, Revolving, and collapsible, Rolling and Sliding – Windows – Different types – Ventilator Different types – Fittings for doors and windows. Lintels and sunshades: Types of lintels – Wooden, Stone, brick, RCC and RSJ lintels – Sunshades – Canopy and sun breakers. Arches – Types, terms used. Vertical Transportation: Staircases, Lifts and Escalators – Planning and location – component Parts of staircase and lift – Types of staircase Ceiling: Materials used for Ceiling – False ceiling. Roof: Definition – importance of roofing with respect to climatic conditions – classification – pitched and flat – Coupled, closed coupled and collar roof. Different types of trusses for pitched roof – wood and steel trusses – roof covering for pitched roof – AC sheets, GI corrugated sheets. Aluminium sheets – PVC sheets – method of arranging and fixing to the battens rafters and purlins – RCC roof – slab with beams – flat and sloped slabs – Flat slab construction – weather proof course to flat roof. Requirements of good floor finish, Selection of materials Ceiling: Types, Requirements of good ceiling, selection of materials Stairs and staircases: Location – types – standards for staircase as per KBR – Tread, Rise, Going, Riser, Nosing – width of stair – Head room – Flight – Landing – Hand rails. Lift and escalators – Component parts and requirements as per NBCConstruction Machinery: Earth moving equipments – crawler and wheel tractors – bulldozers – uses – operation of power shovels – selection – output of power shovel – Drag-lines – types – operations – output of Drag lines – output of hoes. Concrete Machinery – concrete mixers – classification – ready mix plants – compaction machinery – vibrators – Lifting and hoisting machineries – pumps – types – uses.Construction Planning: Construction stages – construction operation – schedule – procurement of labour, material and equipment – programme of work – objectives of programming – job layout – bar chart and flow process chart – work study – critical path method – preparation of network diagram – critical path and calculation of Float times. Scheduling by PERT. Comparison between PERT and CPM.Construction Technology: Masonry: Classification – Stone masonry – Brick masonry – Laterite masonry – composite masonry. Different types of stone masonry – General principles and specifications for stone masonry as per relevant codes. Brick masonry: Different types of bonds for walls, piers and junctions of walls for equal and unequal thickness – English, Flemish (Single and Double Flemish) – Specification for brick masonry as per relevant codes. Hollow block masonry: Types of hollow blocks used in construction and methods of construction – Advantages and Disadvantages with reference to other types of masonry. Solid block masonry and inter locking block masonry. Partition walls – Types – materials – requirements. Modern methods of constructions – Framed – Prefabricated – Earthquake resistant Damp proof courses: Definition of dampness – causes and effects – methods of prevention – surface treatment – internal water proofing courses. Pre-stressed concrete: Principle of pre-stressing – Types – Internal & External and different methods – pre-tensioning & post tensioning. Form work: Functions – materials used – requirements of good form work – modern trends in material & technology – slip forms. Scaffolding, shoring and under pinning: Definition – purpose and function – requirements – materials used Plastering and Pointing: Materials and proportion – Functions – general specifications – typeContracts: Legality of contracts, types of contracts - piecework contracts, lump sum contracts, item rate contract, percentage contract – negotiated rates – departmental execution of works – piecework system – merits and demerits of each contract system. Tender and Tender notices: Necessity of tenders – sealed tenders – tender notice, tender document – Earnest money and security deposit – opening of tenders – scrutiny of tenders – comparative statements – selection of contractors – negotiation, acceptance of tender, work order – contract agreement – conditions of contract.Emergency Stage (a) Rescue training for search & operation at national & regional level (b) Immediate relief (c) Assessment surveys.Entrepreneurship and Management: Entrepreneurship – concept – definition, role and expectation – Entrepreneurship in construction related activities. Technocrats – managers – Entrepreneurial Motivation and Development – advantages and disadvantages – List the institutions supporting entrepreneurship and their role.Environmental Hazards & Disasters: (a)Meaning of Environmental hazards, Environmental Disasters and Environmental Stress. (b)Concept of Environmental hazards, Environmental stress & Environmental Stress & Environmental Disasters. Types of Environmental hazards & Disasters: (a) Natural hazards and disasters (b) Man induced hazards and Disasters - Causes and Environmental consequences of the flowing natural HAZARDS – Droughts and Floods, Volcanic Eruption, Earthquakes, Landslides, Cyclones, Lightning, Tsunami. Chemical hazards/disasters: Causes and consequences of release of toxic chemicals, nuclear explosion. Case studies – Minamata tragedy, Bhopal disaster, Chernobyl disaster. Emerging approaches in Disaster Management – Three Stages.Execution of Works: Permanent and work charged establishments – specifications – enforcement of specifications – inspection by officials – quality control – supervision – sampling and testing of materials. Regulation of departmental labour muster roll and causal labour roll – out turn – plant capacities and hire chargesHuman Resource Management: Definition – Difference between selection, appointment and recruitment – training of employees – managing men – labour welfares – trade unionsIntroduction to Construction Management: Need for construction management – factors involved in Construction management. Preliminary planning and organizational aspects importance of planning – site investigation – Feasibility report – collection of data and preparation of project report – different organizations – Engineering department organizational structure of PWD – and responsibilities – Role of various officers – (over seer, AE, A Ex E, EE, SE, CE) Estimates – preliminary estimate – detailed estimate – budget provision – Administrative sanction and technical sanction – powers of sanctionMaterials Management: Definition – selection of materials as per standards – Optimum use of materials.Measurement of Works – Measurement book – Rules to be followed in recording measurements – pre-measurements and check measurements – contractor’s acceptance of measurement. Payment of Bills: Types of bills – first and final bills – preparation of bills – running account bills – modes of payment – hand receipts – checking of bills – recoveries to be made from bill – contractors ledger – imprest account – works register – works account and abstractPost Disaster stage – rehabilitation: (a) Political (b) administrative aspect (c) Economic aspect (d) Environmental aspectPre-disaster stage (preparedness) : (a) Preparing hazard zonation maps, Predictability / forecasting & warning. (b) Preparing disaster preparedness plan (c) Land use zoning (d) Preparedness through (IEC) Information, education & Communication. Pre-disaster stage (mitigation): (a) Disaster resistant house construction (b) Population reduction in vulnerable areas (c) AwarenessPrinciples of Safety in Construction: Causes, effects and prevention of accidents, safety practices in construction – Site Engineers / Supervisor’s role – safety through legislation – precautions during handling of materials occupational hazards and basic guidelines for safety in construction industry.Quality Management: Introduction to quality control and quality assurance system – elements of quality – ISO 9000 and T.Q.M. – Quality systems – Definitions of quality policy, quality management quality system – Indian standards on quality system – ISO 9000 – Merits and demerits.Small Scale Industry: Growth – its role in economic development - Understands the requirements of a licensed supervisor, surveyor and contractor - Understand statutory requirements of small scale industry - List the different agencies promoting small scale industries – Assistance Programme for small enterprises.Stores: Classification of stores – materials – heavy plant and machinery – material handling – transport vehicles – inspection of vehicles – tools and plants – materials at site – borrowing and lending of tools and plants – safe custody of stores – procedure of taking delivery from station yards, demurrage – issue of stores materials – indent stock register – periodical inspection of stores verification and accounting of shortage and surplus – write off.Structural Building Materials: Stone – classification – geological, physical and chemical classification – characteristics of good building stone – varieties of stones – granite – trap – basalt – sand stone – Laterite. Values of load bearing capacity of stones. Quarrying of stones – methods – wedging and blasting – explosives used. Dressing of stones. Clay products Bricks : Raw materials used – composition of brick earth, manufacturing methods – IS specifications of bricks – characteristics of good brick used for building purpose. Tiles: Types of tiles – characteristics – uses – Porcelain and glazed tiles Earthenware and stoneware pipes – uses – qualities Lime: Sources of lime – Classification – methods of manufacturing (Description only) Cements: Composition, Compounds present, manufacturing methods – characteristics of cement, Types of cement – properties of each – characteristics of cement – Tests on cement – consistency test, fineness test, Specific Gravity test, setting time test, Soundness test. Puzzolana – definition – common Puzzolanas used as admixtures in cement Aggregates: Sand: Sources of sand – River sand, Sea sand and pit sand – Limitations of mining of sand from rivers and sea shore – M-sand, alternatives of sand. Coarse aggregates: Materials generally used, requirements of good coarse aggregates, commonly, used sizes for different applications. Cement Concrete: Plain concrete – Water cement ratio – Ingredients and proportioning methods characteristics – preparation – workability – Tests on Cement concrete – Laboratory tests and field tests – Slump test, compaction factor test – Qualities of water used for mixing, Reinforced cement concrete – qualities of materials – Types of reinforcement used – Characteristics of reinforcing material – waterproofing compounds. Mortar: Preparation of lime and cement mortar – Proportions of mortar for various items of work – tests on cement mortar. Timber and wood products: Structural classification – soft wood and hard wood – defects in timber – seasoning of timber – preservation of timber Metals: Ferrous metals – Wrought iron, Cast iron, Mild steel – Special steels – High carbon steel, High tensile steel and stainless steel (Properties and uses only) – Non ferrous metals: Aluminium, Copper, Lead, Zinc and titanium – important alloys – Properties and uses. Ornamental Materials for Finishing: Paints and Varnishes: Types – Constituents – Preparation – characteristics and application. Plastics: Types - characteristics and properties of PVC – uses – limitations of using plastics Rubber: Characteristics and properties, uses. Aluminium: Aluminium sections used for building construction – Hand rail and baluster. Doors and windows, Panelling and false ceiling, building façade. Glass – Types – Uses and properties. Glass used for Structural applications. Miscellaneous: Abrasives – Adhesives – asbestos – asphalt – bitumen – cork – Plaster of Paris – insulating materials – fibre glass – thermo Cole wood products – veneers, ply wood, particle board – fibre board, hard board, etc.
Part I (d): Basic Electrical Engineering
Sec 6
Circuit parameters: Resistance, Capacitance and inductance. AC circuit with R, L, C. Simple solution of typical AC circuit with resistance, impedance, power and power factor.Electrical circuit of an installation: Earthing, lightning protection.Idea of Basic electrical circuit: Electrical supply and load and its functioning, division of voltage and current in a parallel and series circuit – simple problems, units of power and energy, solution of DC circuit with calculation of energy consumption in an installation.Review with discussion of electric current, potential difference, power, EMF, resistance and its laws, Ohms law and series parallel circuit, electromagnetism, generation of AC and DC supply.
Civil Engineering > Surveying & Quantity Surveying
Sec 7
Compass survey – purpose and principles of compass survey – description and working of prismatic compass – concept of meridian – bearing of a line – True bearing and magnetic bearing. Magnetic dip and declination. Field work in compass survey – booking of field notes - Reduced and whole circle bearings - Calculations of included angles in compass traverse. Sources of errors in compass surveying – local attraction – detection and correction. Plotting of compass traverse – closing error and adjustments.Levelling – Purpose of levelling – Errors in levelling – Curvature and refraction corrections, distance to visible horizon – problems. Classification of levelling – fly levelling, profile levelling, cross sectioning, checks levelling, reciprocal levelling and contouring. Contouring – characteristics – methods of contouring, plotting by interpolation – tracing contour gradient – uses. Marking alignments of road, railway and canal in a contour map. Capacity of reservoirs using contour maps. Longitudinal sectioning and cross sectioning – plotting – working profile for roads. Permanent adjustments of dumpy level.Quantity Surveying and Valuation: Definition of quantity surveying – essential requirements – quantity surveyor – duties and qualities – definition and elements of estimate – types – rough cost, plinth area, cubical content and service unit method – detailed estimate. Units of measurements for different items as per standard – accuracy of measurements – explain the terms – sundries, Lump sum, Lead and lift, contingencies, unforeseen items, work charged establishment. Earth work computation – Trapezoidal – Mid ordinate and Prismoidal formula for computing volumes – Taking out quantities from Longitudinal section and Cross section in cutting and filling. Different methods of taking out measurements – Centre line – in to in and out to out – Crossing methods. Taking out quantities of all items of the following – Below roof level excluding finishing items 1.A compound wall 2.Computation of the capacity of reservoir from a contour map 3.One roomed building (RCC roof – Flat & Sloped) 4.Two roomed building (RCC roof – Flat & Sloped) 5.A residential building with RCC roof – Flat & Sloped 6.An office building with RCC roof – Flat & Sloped 7.Doors, windows, ventilators etc. Taking out quantities of all items of the following – above roof level and finishing items including water supply and sanitary fittings. 1.One roomed building (RCC roof – Flat & Sloped) 2.Two roomed building (RCC roof – Flat & Sloped) 3.A residential building with RCC roof – Flat & Sloped 4.An office building with RCC roof – Flat & Sloped 5.Masonry Well. 6.Ground level RCC water tank. 7.Road estimate – Method of taking quantities of a W.B.M. road. Definition – cost of materials – at source and at site – conveyance charges – standard data book – schedule of rates – Lump sum items – Rules of measurements – rules regarding tolerance of wastage of materials and extra labour. Preparation of data – categories of labour and labour charge – cost of materials – over head charge including establishment – incidental, lead and lift – exercises. Methods of preparing abstract estimate – exercises. Detailed and abstract estimate preparation for building with gabled roof, building with hipped roof, building with valley, two storied building (residential and office) Septic Tank and soak pit and steel roof truss. Detailed and abstract estimate of Slab Culvert, Pipe culvert, Single span T-beam bridge, Pier of a bridge, Detailed estimate of an RCC well and RCC retaining wall. Detailed estimate of RCC beam, slab, column etc and preparation of bar bending schedule. Detailed estimate of Aqueduct. Detailed specifications for various items of work of Earth work excavation, Foundation concrete, Masonry work, DPC, Form work, RCC, Plastering, Pointing, Flooring, Painting and Polishing. IRC specifications for WBM road. Preparation of Plan, Estimate and other documents for submission. Definition of Valuation, meaning, purpose – Factors governing valuation – Life of structure – type location – Maintenance – legal control – Scrap value – salvage value – market value – book value – sinking fund annuity and depreciation. Methods of valuation – Rental method – direct comparison with cost – Based on profit – Development method of valuation – depreciation method. Calculation of depreciation by different methods. Land valuation – Problems.
Part I (b): Basic Civil Engineering
Sec 8
Construction: Parts of building – foundation – types of foundations – spread footing, isolated footing, combined footing, Raft, pile and well foundations. Masonry – types rubble masonry, brick masonry, English bond and Flemish bond. (One brick wall).Levelling: Levelling instruments, different types, bench mark, reduced level of points, booking of field notes, reduction of levels by height of collimation method (simple problem). Modern survey – instruments – Total station, Electronics theodolite, Distomat.Materials: Brick – varieties and strength, characteristics of good brick. Cement – varieties and grade of cement and its uses. Steel – types of steel for reinforcement bars, steel structural sections. Aggregates – types & requirements of good aggregates. Concrete – grades of concrete as per IS code, water cement ratio. Workability, mixing, batching, compaction and curing.Surveying: Chain surveying – principles, instruments, ranging, and chaining survey lines, field work and field book, selection of survey stations, units of land area.
Civil Engineering > Irrigation Fluid Mechanics and Environmental Engineering
Sec 9
Distribution works: (a)Canals – classification – typical cross section of canal in cutting, embankment, partial cutting and embankment – berms – standard dimensions – balancing depth of cutting – canal lining – types – maintenance of canals. (b)Canal regulation – sluice – drops – escapes (c)Cross drainage works – necessity – general description of aqueducts – super passage, under tunnel – siphon – level crossing – inlet and outlet. (d)Soil erosion – methods of prevention of soil erosion.Flow of Fluid: Types of flow – uniform, non uniform, dv/dt = 0, dv/dt ≠ 0, Streamline turbulent, steady, unsteady flow, compressible & incompressible flow – Definitions and mathematical expression, dv/dt = 0, dv/dt ≠ 0, dv/ds = 0, dv/ds ≠ 0 Equation of continuity of flow – problems. Types of energy need – static, pressure and velocity energy need – total energy of flowing liquid. Expressions for energy metre/kg & height liquid column. Bernoulli’s theorem – statement and proof (only 2 - dimensional) – problems – assumptions & limitations - application – venturimeter, orifice meter and Pitot tube – problemsFlow through Channels Wetter perimeter Hydraulic mean depth – uniform and non-uniform flow – Chezy’s formula – derivations / and problems. Kutters, Mannings and Bazin’s formula – Most economical section of channel – condition for rectangular and trapezoidal – derivation – problems.Flow through orifices & Mouth Pieces: Definition of orifice, types of orifices (based size, shape flow condition) – definition of vena contracta – hydraulic coefficients – Cv, Cc, Cd – experimental determination – problems. Submerged and partially submerged orifices. Large rectangular orifice – expression for discharge – derivation. Time for emptying a prismatic tank through an orifice at bottom or in the side – head loss due to sudden enlargement and sudden contraction at the entrance of pipe from large vessel, at the exit of a pipe line, obstruction in a pipe line derivation of expression for head loss due to enlargement & contraction – problems. Mouth piece – different types – external and internal – cylindrical – formula discharge through them and problems.Flow through Pipes. Frictional loss in pipes – Chezy’s and Darcy’s formulae – Derivation and problems Hydraulic gradient and total energy line – Water hammer and its effect Syphon – problems.Fluid Mechanics: Scope of hydraulics in engineering – definition of density, specific volume, specific gravity, viscosity, Kinematics & dynamic viscosity, compressibility, vapour pressure, cohesion, adhesion, surface tension and capillarity. Intensity of pressure at a point – pressure head – units of pressure – Pascal’s law – Atmospheric pressure – Gauge pressure – Absolute pressure – vacuum pressure – problems – Measurements of atmospheric pressure – simple mercury barometers – pressure measuring devices – piezometer tubes, manometers – u-tube – simple differential and inverted tubes only – mechanical gauge – Bourdon tube pressure gauge. Pressure on plane surfaces immersed in liquid. Total pressure and center of pressure on horizontal, vertical and inclined surfaces immersed in liquids. Pressure on lock, gates, sluice gate – problems.Head Works: (a)Classification of head works – storage and diversion head works – their suitability under different conditions – suitable site for diversion works – general layout of diversion works – brief description of component parts of a weir. (b)Barrage and weirs (c)Head Regulator – scouring sluice – flood banks and other protective works (d)Percolation – percolation gradient – up lift pressure, effect of percolation on irrigation works, up lift pressure and exit velocity – scour – protective works – solid and loose aprons. (a)Dams – types – selection of site – site investigations – capacity of reservoirs from contours – dead storage – live storage (b)Evaporation – Evaporation losses in reservoirs (c)Dams – rigid and non-rigid dams – main types – gravity dams – failure of gravity dams and remedial measures – elementary profile – limiting height of dam – low dam and high dam – free board and top width – practical profiles of low dam – drainage gallery – spill ways. (d)Earth dams – situations suitable for earth dams – types of earth dams – causes of failure of earth dams and precautions – saturation gradient and (phreatic) line – drainage arrangements (e)Tank sluices – tower head type – regulating arrangements. (f)Tank surplus works – necessity – suitable site – flush escapes – weirs.Hydro-electric Installation: Layout – intake works, pressure tunnel, penstock, surge tank, action of surge tank anchor blocks and tailrace.Hydrology: (a)Rainfall – Types of rain gauges – precautions in setting and maintaining rainfall records – rainfall cycle – average annual rainfall of an area – Methods of estimating average rainfall over a catchment – Thiessen’s polygon method. (b)Catchment basin and catchment area – free catchment, intercepted catchment – runoff – factors affecting runoff – nature of catchment, runoff coefficient – methods of estimating runoff – empirical formulae. (c)River gauging – importance – site selection – open gauge well – measurement of velocity by surface floats, velocity rods and current meter. (d)Maximum flood discharge from rainfall records Ryves and Dicken’s formulae, H.F.L. marks, Gauge reading.Methods of irrigation: Border irrigation – check-basin irrigation – furrow irrigation – sprinkler irrigation – drip irrigation.Nature and Scope of Irrigation Engineering: Definitions – necessity of irrigation – advantages and disadvantages – perennial and Inundation irrigation – flow and lift irrigation – direct and storage irrigation.Notches: Definition, types of notches – rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal notches. Discharge over rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal notches. Derivations of expressions and problems. Advantages of triangular notches.Pumps: Centrifugal pumps, reciprocating pumps – working principle – description of propeller pumps, jet and air lift pumps, deep well pumps, diaphragm pumps – description and application.Sanitary Engineering: Objects of providing sewerage works – Definition of terms – sewage, sewerage, sewer, refuse, garbage, sullage etc. – Systems of sewage disposal – conservancy and water carriage Systems – Types of sewerage systems and their suitability – separate, combined and partially separate – Quantity of Sewage – Quantity of discharge in sewers, dry weather flow, variability of flow, limiting velocities of sewers – Use of nomograms I.S. 1742 – Determination of storm water flow – run-off coefficient – time of concentration, empirical formulae for run-off – Surface drainages – requirements, shapes. Different shapes of cross section for sewers – rectangular, circular, egg shaped – merits and demerits of each. Brief description and choice of types of sewers – stone ware, cast iron, cement concrete, pre cast sewers - AC pipe Sewer appurtenances – location, function and construction of Man holes, Drop man holes, Catch basins, Flush tanks and inverted siphon Necessity of pumping sewage – location and component parts of pumping station Sewage characteristics – Strength of sewage, sampling of sewage, characteristics of sewage – physical, chemical and biological – significance of the following tests for – Solids, Oxygen demand, BOD, COD, pH-value , Chlorides Sewage Treatment and Disposal: Preliminary treatment – brief description and functions of Screens, Skimming tanks and Grit chambers Primary treatment – brief description and functions of plain sedimentation. Secondary treatment – brief description of Trickling filters, Activated sludge process, Secondary clarifier and Sludge digestion, drying, disposal Miscellaneous treatment – septic tank – Imhoff tank Calculation of dimension of a septic tank from a given data. Sewage disposal – dilution, disposal on lands, oxidation ponds, oxidation ditch, aerated lagoons, anaerobic lagoons. Solid waste disposal – Methods of disposal – uncontrolled dumping, sanitary landfill, incineration and composting. Drainage and Sanitation in Buildings. Sanitary fittings – traps, water closets, flushing cisterns, urinals, inspection chambers, anti syphonage pipe Rural sanitation and sanitary latrines, brief description of operational details of bio-gas plants using cow dung, night soil and agricultural wastes.Turbines: Classification – impulse and reaction turbines – Pelton Wheel – description and working, Description of reaction turbines – Francis and Kaplan turbines – Draft tube – purposeWater requirement of Crop: (a) Principle Crops – Kharif and Rabi Crops in India & Kerala – Dry and wet crops – Crop period (b) Duty – different methods of expressing duty – base period – relationship between duty and delta – Factors affecting duty – requirements for precise statement of duty – duty figures for principal crops – Simple problems on duty.Water Supply Engineering: General importance of water supply – Development of water supply – Different systems of water supply – Need for protect water supply – Estimating water requirement – Total quantity of water for a town, per capita demand and factors affecting demand – water requirements for domestic purposes, industrial use, fire fighting, commercial and industrial needs, public use – variation in demand – Peak demand during day, month and year – Forecasting population by arithmetical, geometrical and incremental increase method (problems) Sources of Water: Surface source – lakes, streams, rivers and impounded reservoirs, Yield from surface source – Underground sources – springs, wells, infiltration wells and galleries – Yield from wells – test for yield. Conveyance of water : Types of Intakes – Reservoir intake – River intake – Canal intake, Conveyance of water – open channels, aqueduct pipes – List of pipe materials – C. I. pipes, steel pipes, concrete pipes, A. C. pipes, G. I. pipes, plastic and P. V. C. pipes, high density polythene pipes, merits and demerits of each type (brief description only). Pipe joints – spigot and socket joint, flange joint, expansion joint for C. I. pipe, joints for concrete and asbestos cement pipe, methods of leak detection – prevention – rectification – pipe corrosion – causes and prevention. Purification of Water: Quality of Water – Impurities of water – need for laboratory test. Sampling and Testing of water – physical, chemical and bacteriological tests – various standards of water such as pH value, colour, taste, hardness, odour – for potable water. Flow diagram of different treatment units for both surface and ground sources – reservoir / pond and well Aeration – methods of aeration – Sedimentation – plain sedimentation and sedimentation by coagulation. Filtration – construction and operation of slow sand, rapid sand and pressure filters Disinfections of water – necessity and method, chlorination, pre-chlorination, break point chlorination, super chlorination - Removal of Taste, colour, odour and hardness. Distribution System: General requirements, system of distribution, gravity system, combined system, direct pumping – Methods of supply – intermitted and continuous – advantages & disadvantages Layout of distribution system – Types – dead end, grid, radial and ring system their merits and demerits and their suitability. Appurtenances in Distribution System: Uses of Sluice valves, Check valves or reflux valves, Air valves. Drain valves or blow-off valves, Scour valves, Fire hydrants and Water meters Water Supply Arrangements in Building: Definition of terms – water main, service pipe, communication pipe, supply pipe, distribution pipe, air gap. General layout of water supply arrangements for single and multi-storied building as per I. S. Code of practice general principles and precautions in laying pipe line with in the premises of a building – Connection from water main to building.Weirs: Classifications – definition – discharge over rectangular weir, end contraction in weir effect of end contraction over discharge – Francis formula and Bazin’s formula for end contraction – problems – velocity of approach – problems broad crested weir – problems submerged weir description and problems.
Part I (c): Basic Mechanical Engineering
Sec 10
The importance of IC Engines: Definition, classification – two stroke engines, four stroke engines, working of two stroke engines and four stroke engines with the help of line sketches, comparison between two stroke and four stroke engines, comparison between petrol and diesel engines, function of fly wheel, clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft and differential in power transmission, explain with sketch the working of differential, briefly explain power transmission of 4 wheel vehicle with line diagram.The importance of Power Plants: Introduction, classification of power plants – working of hydroelectric power plant with schematic sketches – working of thermal (Steam and Diesel) power plant with schematic sketches – working of nuclear power plant with schematic sketches.
Technical
100 Marks
Lecturer in Tool and Die Engineering
Recruitment by Kerala Public Service Commission for Lecturer in Tool & Die Engineering in Government Polytechnic Colleges under the Technical Education Department.
90m
10s
#kerala-psc#technical-education#tool-and-die-engineering#polytechnic-lecturer#engineering
Syllabus Explorer
Part I > Module I (e): Essentials of Electronics Engineering
Sec 1
Active and passive devices – review only.E-waste: Health hazards of e-waste.Full wave rectifier – diagram and explanation, 5 V power supply – with bridge rectifier and 7805.Integrated circuits.Inverter & UPS: Block diagram. Compare – inverter and UPS. Online and off line UPS – differentiate. Battery selection for UPS and inverter.LED – working, applications, comparison of LED lighting and CFL lighting.Microcontrollers: Simple block diagram of 8 bit microcontrollers – application.Mobile technology: CDMA and GSM. Compare – 2G and 3G technologies.SMDs – advantages.SMPS – block diagram and advantages.Static electricity – precautions in handling electronic circuits.Switches: ON / OFF, push to ON, push to OFF, push to ON / OFF, SPST, SPDT, DPDT. Working and application of limit switches, proximity switches, relays.
Part I > Module I (a): Technical Mathematics
Sec 2
Applications of integration – Area bounded by a curve and X or Y axis, solutions of differential equations using the method of variable separable, solutions of linear differential equations of first order.Binomial Series – Expansions using Binomial theorem.Coordinate geometry – Equations to a straight line – slope-intercept form, intercept form, Angle between two lines, condition for two lines to be perpendicular, parallel.Determinants – Evaluation of second and third order, minors and cofactors, solutions of simultaneous linear equation in three unknown using Cramer’s rule.Differentiation – Limits and continuity, derivatives of functions, equation to tangents and normals. Maxima and minima of functions of one variable.Integration of functions – Integration of different types of functions.Matrices – Identification of Matrices, matrix operations, adjoint and inverse.Trigonometric functions – Signs of functions in each quadrant. Trigonometric values of angles, properties of trigonometric functions, applications of the identities sin (A ± B), cos (A ± B) and tan (A ± B).
Part II > Module I : Press Tool Technology and Tool Design
Sec 3
Blank development for cylindrical shell – Algebraic method, graphical method, Layout method, CG method.Die sets – Types, precision and commercial / standard and non-standard, top plate, bottom plate, guide pillar material, Shut height.Ejectors and Shedders – Functions and Types.Fasteners and dowel – Screws, function, types – socket head, counter sunk, cheese head, Rivets, Cotter pin. Positing of screws.Fine Blanking – Calculation of Punch and die, materials suitable for fine blanking – work hardening – steel, copper and copper alloys.Knockouts – Functions.Press – parts, capacity, power – mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, press selection.Press Tool Operations: Piercing, Blanking, Lancing, extrusion, embossing, coining, bending, drawing, swaging, shaving, deep drawing etc.Press Tools – Guide Plate Tool, Progressive Tool, Compound tool and Combination ToolPunches – Cutting and non cutting punches, hybrid punches – Load on punches – size determination – clearance, punch, die size, die block – solid, split.Side Cutters – Functions, advantages.Strip layout - % utilization.Strippers – types, box, fixed, travellers, stripping force for blanking and piercing – fool proofing – pilots – purpose – direct and indirect pilots – size – methods of piloting.
Part II > Module III : Production Technology & Engineering Metrology
Sec 4
Broaching – Purpose – tools – parts of the tools – Broaching machineCAD – CAM – Advantages, applications, CNC programmes G code & M code.Calibration – need – requirements – annual calibration programme – calibration of Vernier calliper, Vernier height gauge, depth gauge, dial gauge, limit gauges, slip gauges, Surface plate.Comparator – Mechanical, electrical and electronic, optical comparator, pneumatic comparator.Cutting fluid – functions – properties – classification – effect on tool life - selection – method of application.Dial Gauge – profile projector.Die sinking and engraving – Necessity and use – cutter for die sinking – Pantograph machine – applications.Drilling machines – types – specifications – speed, feed and depth of cut – parts and its functions – Drill bit, types, nomenclature.Engineering Metrology: Definitions – Range, sensitivity, True value, Indicated value, error, corrections, Accuracy, Precision.FMS – Basic components of FMS.Gas Welding – Gases, Different Flames, Welding Techniques, Gas cutting – Welding symbols as per BIS.Gauges – limit gauges, Go and No go gauges, Plug gauge, Snap gauge, Ring gauge – advantages and limitations.Grinding and Grinding machine – Abrasives, Types, Types of bonds, selection of Grinding wheel, Specification of Grinding wheel, cylindrical grinder and surface grinder, special purpose grinders – specifications – working – parts – functions. Work holding devices – mounting of wheel, truing and dressing of wheel, various speed, feed and depth of cut for different materials – Balancing of wheel.JIG Boring Machine – Types – open front, cross rail, Jig grinding, internal - proper selection of Jig grinding wheel – Method of holding work.Lathe – Types – specifications, accessories, functions, work holding and tool holding devices, single point cutting Tool, nomenclature, mechanism of tool cutting, chip formation, Types of chips, Tool life, equation. Cutting speed, feed and Depth of cut. Lathe operations – Plain turning, Taper turning, Thread cutting and other operations.Linear measurements & Angular measurements – surface plate, angle plate, ‘V’ Block, Straight edge, Combination set, universal surface Gauge, Feeler Gauge – Bevel protractor, sine bar, Clinometer.Measuring machines – Toolmaker’s microscope, Vernier optimeter, CMM, Computer aided metrology.Metal Joining - Permanent and semi-permanent and TemporaryMilling Machines – Types – specifications – parts – functions – milling cutters – Types – nomenclature – Tool material – specification – cutter holding devices – work holding devices – speed, feed, Depth of cut – milling operations – conventional milling and climb milling Plain milling – Key way milling, T-slot milling. Indexing Head, Calculation – direct indexing, simple and differential indexing.NC / CNC / DNC – Classification based on Control system – Point to point, straight, contour system, classification based on feedback, open loop, closed loop, elements of CNC – work holding devices.NC machines – use, principles of EDM, Electro discharge grinding, ECM, AJM, LBM, wire cut EDM, Ultrasonic machining.Other welding methods – Thermit, TIG, MIG, Ultrasonic, Plasma Arc, Electron Beam and Laser Beam.Precision Instruments – Vernier Caliper, height gauge, depth gauge, micrometer, micrometer depth gauge, slip gauge. Measurement of tapered recess whose angle is very smallResistance Welding – spot, seam, projection, butt and percussionRobots – Classifications, features, necessity – components – various generation – power drives used – Types of grippers – manipulators – degree of freedom – end effecters – types – applications – advantages.Shaper, Slotter and Planer – Parts, Functions, mechanisms, work holding devices, specifications, cutting speed, feed and depth of cut.Surface finish – Evaluation of surface roughness – CLA and RMS value – method of measuring surface finish – Interferometer – Michelson’s Interferometer – Tomlinson’s surface meter – working of optical flat – classification, Type A, Type B, flatness test, parallelism test.Surface finishing and Coating – Lapping, Honing and super finishing, electroplating, Hot dipping, tin coating, metal spraying.Welding – Fusion and non-fusion – Arc welding – principle, tools and equipments – Electrode – Types and specifications.
Part II > Module IV : Applied Mechanics, Strength of materials & Fluid Mechanics
Sec 5
Centre of Gravity of Sections: Centroids – centre of gravity – axis of symmetry and axis of reference – methods to find centre of gravity – simple geometric sections – Triangle, Circle, semi circle – Combination of symmetrical Sections T- sections, I-sections, Channel sections, Combination of unsymmetrical sections, L section, plane sections with cut out holes.Columns and Struts: Column, strut, buckling load, equivalent length, slenderness ratio – types of columns – short, medium, long – Euler equation and its assumptions for crippling load – for different end conditions. Both end hinged, one end fixed and other end free – one end fixed and other end hinged. Both ends fixed – Rankine’s formula for columns – equivalent length – Slenderness ratio equivalent length on different end conditions.Control Elements and Components: Control valves 2, 3, 4 way directional control valves, solenoid valves – Cam operated flow control valves – Air cylinders – types – light, medium, heavy, tandem, duplex, double end types.Direct Stresses and Strains: Types – tensile and compressive – longitudinal and lateral strain – Poisson’s ratio – behaviour of mild steel under tension – stress strain diagram – limit of proportionality – elastic limit – yield point – ultimate stress – working stress – factor of safety – comparison of stress strain diagram of a mild steel and a brittle material – Hooks law and Young’s modulus – principle of superposition – stresses in varying, composite sections, Shear stress and shear strain – modulus of rigidity – volumetric strain, bulk modulus, Thermal stress and strain, Nature and magnitude of stresses due to change in temperature – total or partial prevention of expansion and contraction – temperature stress on composite bar.Flow through Orifices, Notches, Pipes and Nozzles: Orifices – types – Vena Contracta – coefficient of contraction – coefficient of velocity – coefficient of discharge – Notches – types of notches – rectangular – triangular - trapezoidal – discharge over notches – simple pipes – loss of head in pipes – major energy losses -minor energy losses – losses due to friction – Darcy’s formula, loss of head in pipes – Chezy’s formula, loss of head due to sudden enlargement - sudden contraction – water hammer.FLUID MECHANICS, PNEUMATICSFluid Power: Basic law – Applications of fluid power – properties of fluid such as viscosity index, oxidation stability, demulsibility, lubricity, rust prevention, pour point, flash and fire point – neutralisation number.Fluid Pressure and Measurements: Pressure at a point – pressure head – Pascal’s law – absolute, gauge, atmospheric and vacuum pressures – measurement of fluid pressure – Piezometer tube – simple manometer – differential manometer – inverted differential manometer – Bourdon’s tube pressure gauge – total pressure – total pressure on immersed surface – horizontal – vertical - inclined.Friction: Type – static, dynamic, sliding, rolling, pivot, limiting friction, angle of friction, coefficient of friction, cone of friction – Laws of friction – static friction and kinetic friction – sliding body resting on a horizontal plane – force acting along the plane and at an angle.Hydraulic Circuits: Automatic cylinder, reciprocating circuit, circuit for robotic arm.Hydraulic Control Elements and Components: Control valves – functions – classifications – relief valves – poppet valves – direction control valves – types – sliding spool type – check valves – 1, 2, 3, way directional control valves, solenoid control valves – flow control valves – types – gate, globe, butterfly valves – non return valves, application circuits and control valves – intensifier – accumulators – purpose – types – weight loaded, spring loaded, gas loaded.Hydraulic Machines: Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps – parts working, priming, air vessel efficiency.Hydraulic System: Basis of system – oil reservoir pump unit, principle of working of positive displacement pump – classifications – gear pump, screw pump, Vane pumps, lobe pump, simple piston pumps, hydraulic actuators – classifications – rotary, semi-rotary – Linear motion type – hydraulic motors – hydraulic cylinder types – single acting, double acting.Hydro Pneumatic System: Comparison of hydraulic, pneumatic & hydro-pneumatic system – advantages and application of combinational system of air and oil working of air controlled hydraulic valvesKinematics and Dynamics of Fluid Flow: Types of fluid flow – steady and unsteady – uniform and non-uniform flow – laminar and turbulent – compressible and incompressible flow – rotational and irrotational flow – one, two and three dimensional flow - rate of flow or discharge – equation of continuity of liquid flow – energy of a liquid in motion – potential energy – kinetic energy – pressure energy – total energy – total head of liquid in motion – Bernoulli’s equation – assumptions - applications – venturimeter – Orifice meter – Pitot tube.Moment of Inertia: Radius of gyration, methods to find moment of inertia, Moment of inertia of rectangular and circular sections – parallel axis theorem, perpendicular axis theorem, Moment of inertia of T-section, I, L and channel Sections.Pneumatic Circuits: Basic pneumatic circuits, power operated holding devices – power operated chucks, mandrel, collet and clamping circuits.Pneumatic System: Comparison of pneumatic & hydraulic system – basic pneumatic system – pneumatic symbols - air filter – pressure regulator – lubricator – mufflers.Properties of Fluid: Specific weight – specific volume – specific gravity – viscosity - kinematics viscosity – Newton’s law of viscosity – types of fluids – compressibility – surface tension – capillarity.Riveted Joints: Types – lap joint – single riveted, double riveted (Chain and zigzag) – butt joint - single cover, double cover single riveted – failure of riveted joints – design of riveted joints, failure of rivets – shearing and crushing – failure of plates – tearing across a row of rivets - tearing off plate at an edge – strength of rivet, plate and riveted joints – efficiency of a riveted joint – single cover and double cover single riveted butt joint, caulking and fullering of riveted joints.Shear Force and Bending Moment: Types of beams – cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, built in and continuous beam. Types of loading – point load, uniformly distributed load, uniformly varying load, Shear force diagram, Bending moment diagram – combination of point load, UDC load – maximum bending moment. Deflection of beams – simply supported beam with Point Load (central), SS with UDL on entire span, cantilever with point load at free end. Cantilever with UDL over entire span.Springs: Types of springs, leaf and Helical – closely coiled, open coiled, deflection, stiffness, torque and energy stored.Thin Cylinders: Failures of thin cylinder – stresses in thin cylindrical shell – hoop stress – longitudinal stress, pressure of thin cylinders.Torsion of Circular Shafts: Assumptions for shear stresses in a circular shaft subjected to torsion, torsion equation, strength equation for a solid and hollow shaft – power equations, polar moment of inertia – strength and power of shafts.Turbine – Pelton, Francis turbine, parts, working efficiencyWelded Joints: Types of fillet and butt weld – welding terms – Leg of the weld, size of the fillet weld, throat thickness – effective length of the weld, side fillet weld and end fillet weld, strengths of welded joints, fillet and butt, transverse, single and double rows – parallel welds, combination of transverse and parallel – butt weld.
Part I > Module I (d): Basic Electrical Engineering
Sec 6
Circuit parameters: Resistance, Capacitance and inductance. AC circuit with R, L, C. Simple solution of typical AC circuit with resistance, impedance, power and power factor.Electrical circuit of an installation: Earthing, lightning protection.Idea of Basic electrical circuit: Electrical supply and load and its functioning, division of voltage and current in a parallel and series circuit – simple problems, units of power and energy, solution of DC circuit with calculation of energy consumption in an installation.Review with discussion of electric current, potential difference, power, EMF, resistance and its laws, Ohms law and series parallel circuit, electromagnetism, generation of AC and DC supply.
Part I > Module I (b): Basic Civil Engineering
Sec 7
Construction: Parts of building – foundation – types of foundations – spread footing, isolated footing, combined footing, Raft, pile and well foundations. Masonry – types rubble masonry, brick masonry, English bond and Flemish bond. (One brick wall).Levelling: Levelling instruments, different types, bench mark, reduced level of points, booking of field notes, reduction of levels by height of collimation method (simple problem). Modern survey – instruments – Total station, Electronics theodolite, Distomat.Materials: Brick – varieties and strength, characteristics of good brick. Cement – varieties and grade of cement and its uses. Steel – types of steel for reinforcement bars, steel structural sections. Aggregates – types & requirements of good aggregates. Concrete – grades of concrete as per IS code, water cement ratio. Workability, mixing, batching, compaction and curing.Surveying: Chain surveying – principles, instruments, ranging, and chaining survey lines, field work and field book, selection of survey stations, units of land area.
Part II > Module V : Industrial Management and Engineering
Sec 8
Fundamental of Statistical Concepts: Variability in measurements – Terms - variable, attribute, frequency, frequency distribution and frequency plot – Normal distribution curve, Tally sheet, Mean, mode, median and standard deviation Control charts – X, R, P, 100P and C.INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERINGINDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENTInspection and Quality Control: Quality and quality control – product control – Inspection- Types – Advantages and limitations.Materials and Sales Management: Inventory management – definition and classifications – purchase procedure – buying techniques – EOQ and ABC analysis.Method Study: Work study – Advantages, applications – Method study – Therbligs and their symbols – Process chart – preparation of operation process chart, flow process chart, man-machine chart, right hand and left hand process chart, SIMO chart – Flow diagram – Principles of motion economy – Rules concerning human body, work place layout and material handling, tools and equipments – work measurement – stop watch time study – standard time calculation – Production study – work sampling.Principles of Management: Meaning of management – Taylor’s scientific management, Functions of management – Different types of ownership – organizational structure.Production Planning and Control: Concepts of industry – Production and productivity – types of production – Job production, batch production, mass production, continuous production – Planning and control – Definitions, benefits and functions. Pre-planning activities – Forecasting, plant location, product planning, design and development, material selection. Process planning, determination of men, machines, material and tool requirements – Process planning – Choice of machine in process planning – Break even analysis – Process sheet – Process planning procedure – Routing – Scheduling – Dispatching – value engineering – Plant location and layout – plant layout – Plant maintenance – Types of maintenance.Project Analysis: Need and scope – Elements of project analysis – Production cost – Market survey – Selling price – Capital investment – Return on investment – Elements of costing – Classification of cost – Depreciation – Types.Project Management Techniques: Network analysis – terms used in CPM, PERT – CPM operations, earliest finish time (EFT), latest finish time (LFT), critical path, event, slack or float, dummy activity, construction of network diagrams – Fulkerson’s rule – PERT - Comparison – Calculation of expected time – Event, activity, successor event, predecessor event, earliest expected time, latest allowable time, slack.Quality Planning and its developments: Definitions of quality – TQM conceptQuantitative techniques in Management: Methods – Linear programming – formulation of LPP – transportation problem – North West corner rule, Vogel’s approximation method – Game theory – two-persons zero sum game – Maxi-min and mini-max principle – saddle point.Stores management – store keeping functions – duties of store keeper – store layout – Centralized and decentralized store – store records – indent forms – bin card – store ledger - Sales – importance – functions of sales department – sales forecasting.Wage Payment System: Types of Wages – Nominal, real, living, fair and minimum wages – Incentives.
Part II > Module II : Moulds and Dies Technology, Material Technology
Sec 9
Material Technology: Mechanical properties of materials – Tensile strength, Compressive strength, Ductility, Malleability, Hardness, Brittleness, Impact strength, Fatigue and Creep resistance. Structure of material – unit cell, space Lattice, BCC, FCC, HCP. Effect of grain size on mechanical properties. Elastic deformation and plastic deformation, slip mechanism, work hardness, re-crystallisation. Ferrous metals and alloys – production and properties of pig iron, wrought iron and cast iron. Classification of Cast Iron – white, molted, Grey cast iron alloy cast iron Production and properties of Steel – Bessemer, LD, open hearth, Electric Furnace. Effect of alloying elements on properties of steel – Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Silicon, Vanadium, Tungsten. Properties and uses of alloy steel – nickel steel, Tool and Die steel, HSS Tool steel, Stainless steel, spring steel. Nonferrous metals and alloys in Engineering application – Properties and uses of Al, Cu, lead, Tin, Zinc, Magnesium, Nickel. Nonferrous alloys – Cu base, Brass, Bronze, Aluminium Alloys. Bearing or Antifriction alloys – Properties and uses of Phosphor Bronze, White metal, Babbit metal. Destructive and Non-destructive Tests – Tensile Test, hardness Test, Impact test, Fatigue Test, Creep test. X ray, magnetic particle, Fluorescent penetrant Test, ultrasonic test, Crystallographic test, X-ray diffraction test, electron microscopic Test. Heat Treatment – objectives – Annealing, Normalizing, hardening and Tempering. Surface hardening – Case hardening, nitriding, cyaniding, flame hardening, induction hardening. Heat Treatment of Tool Steel – TTT diagram, Bainite Transformation, Martensite Transformation, Austempering, Martempering – heat Treatment Furnaces – Defects in heat treatment. Polymers – polymerisation – Types of Thermosetting and Thermoplastics – examples – properties and uses of polythene, PVC, PTFE, Acrylics, Bakelite, Phenolics, Epoxies, Silicone, PolystersMoulds and Dies Technology: Plastics in the mould Industry, properties, applications processing Techniques – Injection moulding, principle, applications, Injection Moulding machines – Shot weight calculations, Plasticizing capacity, Clamping force – Number of cavity calculation – Testing of plastics – visual Test, Smoke Test, Carbon Black Test – Terminology, mould materials, feed system – Runner, types of runner, runner dia calculation, gate – Types of Gates, Ejection Techniques, Ejection force calculation. Venting, shrinkage, parting surface. Factors governing shrinkage, cooling – mould cooling calculation. Side core and side cavity – two, three plate moulds, runner less moulds, multi daylight moulds – mould maintenance – compression moulding – applications, basic types – Flash, positive, landed positive, semi positive. Transfer moulds – application – advantages and limitations. Types – pot and plunger. Extrusion moulds – application – blow moulding, rotational moulding, casting and moulding – advantages and applications. Calendaring – vacuum forming – preform moulding, mat and fabric moulding, premix moulding, filament winding, multicolour moulding. Die casting – advantages of die casting – principle – limitations of pressure die casting process. Die casting Terminology – die casting alloys – Al, Zinc, Mg, Cu etc. Composition – properties of different die cast alloys – Die casting machines Hot Chamber and cold chamber – die casting dies.
Part I > Module I (c): Basic Mechanical Engineering
Sec 10
The importance of IC Engines: Definition, classification – two stroke engines, four stroke engines, working of two stroke engines and four stroke engines with the help of line sketches, comparison between two stroke and four stroke engines, comparison between petrol and diesel engines, function of fly wheel, clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft and differential in power transmission, explain with sketch the working of differential, briefly explain power transmission of 4 wheel vehicle with line diagram.The importance of Power Plants: Introduction, classification of power plants – working of hydroelectric power plant with schematic sketches – working of thermal (Steam and Diesel) power plant with schematic sketches – working of nuclear power plant with schematic sketches.
Technical
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Syllabus Explorer
Lasers and fibre Optics
Sec 1
Absorption lossesAcceptance angle of Optical FibreAttenuation in optical fibersCO2 lasersDye lasersEinstein coefficientsFour level solid state lasersGraded index fibersInherent defect lossesLeaky modesLine-broadening mechanismsMode lockingNumerical aperture of optical fibreQ-SwitchingRadiation induced lossesSecond Harmonic GenerationSemiconductor lasersSpatial frequency filtering and holographyStep-index fibers
Electronics
Sec 2
Active low pass filterAmplitude modulation and demodulation circuitsAnalog integration and differentiationBand pass filterBasic operational amplifier characteristicsBiasing of Field effect Transister (FET)Communications receiversComparison of signal to noise ratiosDifferential amplifierElectronic analog computationFET as VVR and its applicationsFM transmittersHigh pass Butterworth filtersMicrowave systemsOPAMP as inverterOPAMP based astable and monostable multivibratorsOPAMP parametersp-n junction solar cellsPhotodetectors - Light dependent resistor- photodiodePulse code modulationSatellite communicationsSchmidt triggerVHF/UHF systems
Microprocessor
Sec 3
Addition, Subtraction of two 8 bit & 16 bit numbersAnalog multiplexer and Overview of 8051 microcontrollerAnalog to Digital converterApplications of MicroprocessorsClock for A/D conversionData transfer schemes of Intel 8085Microprocessor as CPUOrganization and internal architecture of the Intel 8085Organization of microcomputersSample and Hold circuitTimings of Intel 8085
Quantum Mechanics
Sec 4
Angular momentum operatorsAnharmonic oscillatorCharge and current densitiesDifferential and total cross- sectionHarmonic perturbationHole theoryInduced emission and absorptionInteraction of an atom with the electromagnetic fieldMatrix representation of angular momentum operatorsOperators and its propertiesOptical theoremOrbital angular momentumPauli spin matricesStark and Zeeman effects in hydrogenThe Hilbert spaceThe Klein-Gordon equationThe Weyl equationVector spaces
Solid State Physics
Sec 5
AntiferroelectricityBloch functionsBrillouin zonesCooper pairsCupratesDielectric constantEinstein and Debye models of specific heatEnergy gap Isotope effectFerroelectric domainHigh Tc SuperconductorsKronig Penny modelLangevin‟s theory of diamagnetismLocal Electric fieldLondon equationMiller indicesNearly free electron model and formation of energy bandsNeel Model of AntiferromagnetismPiezoelectricityReciprocal latticeType I and Type II superconductorsWeiss theory of ferromagnetism
Nuclear and particle Physics
Sec 6
Applications of XRDConservation laws and symmetriesDebye-Scherrer CameraElectric quadruple momentsFick‟s law and its validityInternal conversionNuclear size, shape, mass and binding energyParity violation in beta decayQuantum chromodynamics and gluonsQuark modelScherrer equationSemi empirical mass formula Characteristics of nuclear forcesShell structure and magic numbersSingle crystal and Powder diffractionSpin-orbit potentialThe eightfold way
Mathematical methods and group theory
Sec 7
Associated Legendre polynomialsBessel functions of the first and second kindsBeta functionCalculus of residues and applicationsCauchy-Reimann conditionsCauchy's integral theorem and integral formulaDelta functionFourier integralFourier transformGamma functionGenerating functionHermite polynomialsLaguerre polynomialsLaurent expansionLegendre polynomialsNeumann functionOrthogonalityProperties of Fourier seriesRecurrence relationRodrigues formulaSingularitiesSpherical Bessel functionSpherical harmonics
Atomic and molecular Spectroscopy
Sec 8
Born –Oppenheimer approximationDeslander‟s tableInteraction of nuclear spin and magnetic fieldLarmour precessionMossbauer SpectroscopyNormal modes and vibration of H2O and CO2Resonance fluroscence of γ-raysRotational Raman Spectrum of Symmetric top moleculesStimulated Raman effect and Inverse Raman EffectThe spectrum of non rigid rotatorVibrational Analysis of band systems
Classical Mechanics
Sec 9
Centrifugal and Coriolis forcesChaos - Logistic mapConstraints and Generalized coordinatesD'Alemberts principle and Lagrange’s equationEuler anglesH-J equation for the linear harmonic oscillatorHamilton -Jacobi equationHamilton’s PrincipleHamilton‟s principal and characteristic functionKepler problemLagrange’s equation from Hamilton’s PrincipleLimitcyclesNonlinear oscillationsVelocity dependent potentials
Statistical mechanics
Sec 10
Equipartition theoremLiouville‟s theorem and its consequencesMagnetic behaviour of an ideal Fermi Gas: (1) Pauli paramagnetismMagnetic behaviour of an ideal Fermi Gas: (2) Landau diamagnetismPhase space of a classical systemThe density matrixThe entropy of mixing and Gibbs paradoxThermodynamic behaviour of an ideal Bose gasThermodynamic behaviour of an ideal Fermi gasVirial theorem
Technical
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Syllabus Explorer
Analytical, Environmental, Material and Supramolecular chemistry
Sec 1
Applications of TG, DTA and DSC in the study of metal complexes, ceramics and polymers.Chemistry behind Piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, halochromic, chromogenic, electrochromic, thermochromic, magnetocaloric and thermoelectric materialsChemistry of Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Lithosphere.Evaluation of analytical data: Accuracy and precision. Standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variation. Student ‘t’ test, ‘Q’ test, and ‘F’ test. Confidence limits- Errors and their minimisation- Significant figures- Correlation analysis- Calculation of R by method of least squaresNanostructures - ID, 2D and 3D structures - Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials..Supramolecular chemistry - Molecular recognition : Synthetic Receptors, Cyclodextrin, Calixiranes, Cyclophanes, Crown Ethers- Drug design and Drug action.Theory and practice of : Quantitative and Qualitative analysis- Inorganic analysis- Organic analysis and preparations - physical chemistry experiments (Post graduate level)Theory of chromatographic techniques -Column, TLC, Paper, GC, HPLC and ion exchange chromatographic techniques. Solvent extraction. Extraction using supercritical liquid CO2, Craig’s technique of liquid-liquid extractionTwelve principles of green chemistry and issues in sustainable chemistry - Green synthesis - Application of Phase Transfer Catalysts -Green Reactions- Applications of Microwave and sonication in the synthesis of organic compounds.
Organic Chemistry-1
Sec 2
Basic concepts of Organic reactions - Electron displacement effects –Aromaticity and antiaromaticity. Non aromatic, homoaromatic, hetero and non–benzenoid aromatic systems. Aromaticity of annulenes, mesoionic compounds, metallocenes, cyclic carbocations and carbanions.Mechanism and applications of common substitution, addition, elimination and rearrangement reactions. Stereochemistry and factors affecting Aliphatic and Aromatic SN1 and SN2 reactions. SN1', SN2', SNi SNAr and benzyne mechanisms – NGP and Nonclassical carbocations- Generation and reactions of Nitrenes, Carbenes and free radicals like Triphenyl methyl, TEMPO, Dibenzoyl peroxide, NBS , Tributyl Tinhydride and AIBN. - Chlorination of alkane, addition of HX, SRN1 mechanism- Acyloin condensation, Alkyne coupling reactions- Reimer-Tiemann, Vilsmeier-Haack reactions. Mitsunobu reaction and Chichibabin reactions.Mechanism and regio and stereo aspects of E1, E2 and E1cb reactions in cyclic and acyclic systems. Hoffmann and Saytzeff elimination- Elimination Vs substitution- Mechanism and applications of Shapiro reaction, Peterson and Julia olefination, Wittig and Wittig - Horner reactions; Chugaev reaction and Cope eliminations- Sodium in liquid ammonia and Lindlars catalyst in conversion of alkynes to alkenesMechanism of Addition of H2O, X2, HX, and boranes to C=C systems- Cis and trans hydroxylation of cycloalkenes- Mechanism and applications of Michael addition and Robinson Annulation- Aldol condensation- Stork enamine, Cannizzaro, Perkin, Ritter, Stobbe, Knoevenagel, Darzen, Reformatsky and benzoin condensations- Grignard, Mannich, Thorpe reactions and Dieckmann condensationMolecular symmetry and chirality, axial chirality, planar chirality and helicity, relative configuration, stereochemical nomenclature, R and S, E and Z. Stereo chemistry of biphenyl and allenes - Topicity and prostereo isomerism -asymmetric synthesis. Axial stereochemistry: atropisomerism and its designation - biphenyls, allenes, spiranes- M and P configurations. Stereoselectivity: enantioselectivity, diastereoselectivity & stereoconvergence. Stereospecific and stereoselective synthesis. stereotopicity & stereoprojections. Prochiral centre and prochiral faces - Pro R and Pro S, Re face and Si face, Importance of prochirality in biological systems. Geometrical isomerism . , Conformational analysis in acyclic and cyclic systems , Application of Cram’s rule, Felkin–Ahn modelNomenclature of organic compounds - Cyclic, fused polycyclic and bridged polycyclic hydrocarbons, bridged and fused hydrocarbon systems, Spirocyclic hydrocarbon systems, Heterocyclic systems containing Nitrogen and Oxygen.
Physical Chemistry-2
Sec 3
Basic principles of Kinetics - Kinetics of Complex reactions - steady state approximation -Theories of Reaction Rates - Arrhenius equation - fast reactions and methods of study. Reactions in solution: Factors affecting reaction rates in solutions, effect of dielectric constant and ionic strength, cage effect, Bronsted-Bjerrum equation - Kinetic effects: Primary and secondary kinetic salt effect, influence of solvent on reaction rates, significance of volume of activation, linear free energy relationship. Hammet equation and Taft equation.Catalysis: Mechanism and theories of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Bimolecular surface reactions. Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. Enzyme catalysis.Electrochemistry and Ionics: Activity and activity coefficient of electrolytes, determination of activity coefficient.- Electrodes and Electrochemical Cells - Nernst, Debye-Huckel, Omsager Equations - Over potentials: Butler-Volmer equation. Tafel and Nernst equation, Tafel plot and its significance - Electrolytic Polarization- Fuel cells: H2-O2, zinc-air and solid oxide fuel cells- Theory and applications of electro Analytical Methods : Potentiometry, Polarography , Coulometry, Conductometry, Cyclic Voltametry, Stripping Voltametry and Amperometry- Colloids - Zeta Potential - Electrokinetic PhenomenaThe gas-solid interphase, types of adsorption. Monolayer and multilayer adsorption - Adsorption Isotherms Heat of adsorption and its determination .-Adsorption from solutions -Determination of surface area of solids-Harkins–Jura absolute method, point B method, Langmuir method and BET method- - Principles of LEED, SEM, TEM, ECSA, Photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy
Physical Chemistry-1
Sec 4
Chemical equilibrium, Law of mass action, Transformation of the equilibrium expressions. Statistical derivation.Electronic Structure of Solids - Crystal Symmetry - Theories of Solids - Properties of Solids : Electrical, Magnetical and Optical - Crystal defects. Structure and Theories of Liquids- XRD of liquids- Theories and calculation of Surface tension and Viscosity - Liquid Crystals and their applicationsGaseous State- Maxwell’s distribution and equation- Transport phenomena- Chapman equation- Equations of state of real gases- vander Waals, Virial and other equations- Inter molecular forces and consequences.Laws of Thermodynamics - Entropy and its dependence on variables of a system- Equations of state- Euler’s relation, Gibbs and Helmholtz equations and energies. Maxwells relations- Gibbs Duhem equation- Partial Molar Quantities- Chemical potential- Fugacity- Activity coefficients. Thermodynamics of Solutions – Duhem Marghules equation- vant Hoff’s equations, isochore and isotherm. Thermodynamics of irreversible process – Fundamentals and advances in the study of Phase Equilibria - Two and Three Component SystemsStatistical thermodynamics - Molecular Partition Function - Quantum Statistics - Heat capacities of Solids and Gases- Relationship between partition functions and thermodynamic properties, Sackur-Tetrode equation. The principle of equi-partition of energy
Inorganic Chemistry-1
Sec 5
Chemistry of Lanthanides and Actinides including their extraction and applications as well as their coordination complexes and spectral behaviourStructure and bonding in molecules- Chemical periodicity- Chemistry of Hydrogen and s block elements- Chemistry of p block elements and d block elements- Extractive chemistry of various metals of commercial importance- Chemistry of Nontransition elements like GlassSynthesis, reactions, structure and bonding in Sulphur-Nitrogen compounds ; Sulphur- Phosphorus compounds ; Phosphorous-Nitrogen compounds ; Boron - Nitrogen compounds ; Boron hydrides; Organoboranes; Carboranes and metallocarboranes- STYX and WADE rulesTheories of acids and bases- HSAB concept- solvent effects, linear free energy relationship – mechanism and methods of determination, super acids - Reactions in Non-aqueous solvents- Protic and Aprotic solvents- Chemistry of Isopoly and Heteropoly acids ; Silicon-Oxygen compounds; Zeolites ; Xenon and Krypton compounds including their organic and coordination compoundsTheories of Coordination Chemistry in detail: Werner’s theory - Crystal field theory – Ligand field theory – Molecular orbital theory- Stereochemistry of coordination compounds- Jahn Teller distortion- Detailed study of Stability and reactions of metal complexes- Electron transfer, Substitution and Photochemical reactions and their kinetics
Organic Chemistry-3
Sec 6
Chemistry of Natural Products : Terpenes, steroids, alakaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, prostoglandins, hormones and enzymes.Classification of pericyclic reactions, FMO, Correlation diagram, Mobius and Huckel theory of electrocyclic and cyclo addition reactions- Stereo and region selectivity and industrial applications of Diels Alder reaction, 1,3–Dipolar cycloaddition and Sigmatropic rearrangementsCombinatorial organic synthesis, introduction, methodology, automation, solid supported and solution phase synthesis, study of targeted or focused libraries and small molecule libraries. Application of Drug design and development- various stepsFundamentals of polymerization - structure - property relationship of polymers and polynucleotides- Proteinsequencingby Edmans method.Photochemical processes. Singlet and triplet states and their reactivity, Jablonski diagram, Energy transfer, sensitization and quenching. Photoreactions of carbonyl compounds, enes, dienes and arenes. Patterno-Buchi and Barton reactions, Hofmann- Löffler- Freytag reaction, photo-Fries and Di-π methane, di- π methane rearrangements. Applications of photochemistry.Protein denaturation - Synthesis of stereo regular polymers. Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Polymers in organic synthesis - supports, reagents and catalysts. Biodegradable polymers biopolymersSpectrocopic methods in Organic chemistry- Applications of UV, IR, H1NMR, C13NMR and Mass Spectroscopy - 2D NMR techniques - NOE, DEPT, and 2D techniques such as COSY- HSQC, HMQC and HMBC. Spectral interpretation and structural elucidation. Solving of structural problems on the basis of numerical and spectrum based data. ORD and CD - theory and applications
Physical Chemistry-3
Sec 7
Classical mechanics and its limitations –need of quantum mechanics, de Broglie relation and its experimental proof, uncertainty principle and its consequences- Formulation of Quantum Mechanics - Postulates of quantum mechanics- Application of Quantum mechanics to Exactly Solvable Model Problems- Translational motion- Quantum mechanical tunnelling- Vibrational motion- and Rotational motion –SHO, Rigid Rotor- Legendre polynomials and associated Legendre functions Approximation Methods and Chemical Bonding - Hydrogen like Atoms -Multi Electron Systems - Angular Momentum – SCF and variation method - MO diagram of homo nuclear diatomic molecules Li2, Be2, B2, C2, O2 and F2 and hetero nuclear diatomic molecules LiH CO, NO and HF-Computational Chemistry - Computational methods : ab initio, Semi Empirical methods - Molecular MechanicsElectronic Spectroscopy of Atoms – Basic principles of Molecular spectroscopy: Microwave, Infrared, Raman, Electronic, NMR, ESR, Raman and MossbaurQuantum statistics- Bose-Einstein statistics, Thermodynamic probability- Maxwell Boltzmann, Bose Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics- Quantum theory of heat capacity - calculation of heat capacity of gases- Dulong and Petit’s law, Kopp’s law; limitations.- Einstein theory and Debye theory of heat capacitySymmetry elements and symmetry operation. Basic principles of Group Theory - Character Tables - . Point groups and their systematic identification.- Multiplication of operations - Setting up of character table of C2v, C3v and C2h groups –Applications to MO Theory, Chemical Bonding and SpectroscopyWave functions for multi electron systems, wave equation for multi electron systems, symmetric and anti- symmetric wave functions, Pauli’s anti-symmetry principle, and the postulate of spin- Spin orbitals. Spin- orbit coupling. Vector atom model-Term symbols, selection rules and exp anation of spectral lines of hydrogen atom- Applications- Chemical Bonding in Diatomic and Polyatomic Molecules
Inorganic Chemistry-3
Sec 8
Colour in inorganic solids. - Dielectric properties. Dielectric materials. Ferroelectricity, pyroelectricity, piezoelectricity and ionic conductivity. Applications of ferro, piezo and pyroelectrics.Electronic structure of solids. Different theories about conductors, insulators and semiconductors and their applications. Doping and band gap adjustments. AX, AX2, AmX2, ABX3, Spinels and Inverse spinel structures. Structure and theories of Liquids- Liquid crystals and their applications.Inorganic Advanced materials : Solid Electrolytes: Mixed oxides, cationic, anionic solid electrolytes, mixed ionic-electronic conductors- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), Rechargeable battery materials- Solid state chemistry of metal nitrides and fluorides, chalcogenides, intercalation chemistry and metal-rich phases.- Inorganic pigments, Inorganic phosphors- Molecular materials and fullerides, basic idea of molecular materials chemistry like One dimensional metals, Molecular magnets and Inorganic liquid crystals.Nuclear reactions - structure and stability- Magic numbers – Detailed study of different nuclear models- radio active equilibria and equations of radioactive decay and growth - Nuclear reactions: Direct nuclear reactions, heavy ion induced nuclear reactions, photonuclear reactions. Neutron captures cross section and critical size -Applications of nuclear reactions- fission and fusion; neutron activation analysis – counting techniques.Solid State Chemistry: Crystal symmetry- Point groups and space groups. Miller indices and Bravais Lattices- Close packed structures: BCC, FCC and HCP. Voids. Coordination number. X-ray diffraction by crystals: Applications and calculations using Bragg’s equation and indexing methods. Different types of Crystal defects and consequencesTemperature dependence of conductivity, carrier density and carrier mobility in semiconductors - Superconductivity, Photoconductivity Photovoltaic effect.
Inorganic Chemistry-2
Sec 9
Construction of energy level diagrams. Correlation diagram. Method of descending symmetry. Term symbols; Correlation diagrams for dn and d10 ions in octahedral and tetrahedral fields ; Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams. Symmetry and Selection rules for electronic spectra , IR and Raman Theory of Electronic, IR, NMR, ESR and Mossbaur spectra of complexes.Different aspects of magnetic properties of complexes and their determination.Essential and trace metal elements in biological systems, . Role of Iron,Calcium, Copper, Lithium, Aluminium, Magnesium and other metals in biological systems structure and functions of biological membranes, mechanism of ion transport across membranes, sodium- potassium pump. - Role and effects : Coenzymes, Cytochromes, chlorophylls and hormones. Photosynthesis, porphyrin ring system, chlorophyll, PS I and PS II. Synthetic model for photosynthesis. Inorganic medicinal chemistry. Metals in medicine.Nomenclature, synthesis, structure, properties and bonding of organo-metallic compounds - metal carbonyls and cyanides – Complexes with linear π donor ligands: Olefins, acetylenes, dienes and allyl complexes. Complexes with cyclic π donors: Cyclopentadiene, benzene complexes.Spectroscopic Methods in Inorganic Chemistry- Structural elucidation of coordination compounds containing the following molecules/ ions as ligands- NH3, H2O, CO, NO, OH– , SO2– , CN– , SCN– , NO–, NO–, CH3COO– and X– (X=halogen). changes in ligand vibration on coordination with metal ions.- CD and ORD spectra of metal complexes- NMR of metal nuclides with emphasis on 11B, 31P and 19F NMR.- ESR spectra: Application to Cu(II) complexes and inorganic free radicals such as PH4, F– and [BH]–. Mossbauer Spectroscopy: Application of the technique to the studies of iron and tin complexesStructure andbonding offerroceneand dibenzenechromium complexes - Metal –Metal bonds and metal atom clusters. Tri , Tetra and hexa nuclear clusters, Isoelectronic and isolobal relationships, Low nuclearity and High nuclearity carbonyl clusters (LNCCs and HNCCs). Cubane Clusters, Chalcogenide Clusters, Chevrel Phases. Zintl Anions and Cations – Capping Rule Catalysis by organo metallic compounds and metal clusters- hydrogenation, hydroformylation and polymerization.
Organic Chemistry-2
Sec 10
Linear Free Energy Relations, The Hammett equation and its applications. Significance of sigma (σ) and rho (ρ) reactions with negative and positive ρ, low and high ρ, abnormal Hammet plot, Taft equation. Hammet plot and applications- Primary, secondary, inverse kinetic isotope effects. Salt effects and special salt effects in SN reactionsMechanism with evidence of Wagner – Meerwein, Pinacol, Demjanov, Hofmann, Curtius, Schmidt, Lossen, Beckmann, Fries, Hofmann–Martius, Dienone–phenol, Benzilic acid, Benzidine, Favorskii, Stevens and Wolf rearrangement.Oxidation and Reduction reactions in organic synthesis- Reduction using boranes, hindered boranes and derivatives- NaBH4, and LiAlH4, DIBAL-H, tri-n-butyltin hydride, diimide, and aluminium alkoxide. Birch reduction, Clemmensen reduction and Wolff - Kishner reduction, Huang - Minlon modification, Rosenmund reduction - allylic and benzylic oxidation, Sharpless epoxidation, oxidation using SeO2, manganese (IV) oxide, lead tetraacetate, ozone, peracids, DDQ, silver carbonate and Cr(VI) reagents. Jones oxidation, Swern oxidation, Moffatt oxidation, Sommelet reaction. Applications of HIO4, OsO4 and mCPBARetrosynthetic analysis and disconnection approach in organic synthesis- Olefin metathesis- Grubbs’ catalysts. Umpolung concept-1,3-Dithiane, benzoin condensation. Heck, Negishi, Sonagashira, Kumada, Stille coupling and Suzuki couplingUse of various organic, inorganic and organometallic reagents in organic synthesis- Grignard reagents, Alkyl lithiums, Lithium Dialkylcuprates, Alkynyl copper reagents, Tebbe reagent etc. Use of various protecting groups in peptide synthesis. Phase transfer catalysis and its applications.